1. DATA EMBEDDING IN SCRAMBLED DIGITAL VIDEO -BY 08L31A0454 08L31A0456 08L31A0475 08L31A0487 UNDER THE GUIDENCE OF Y.SUKANYA

2. CONTENTES Aim of the project Aim of the project Basic definitions Basic definitions Digital video scrambling Digital video scrambling Transformation techniques Transformation techniques LSB technique LSB technique Flow chart representation of the project Flow chart representation of the project Technology & Tools Technology & Tools Results Results Merits & Application Merits & Application Future Scope Future Scope Conclusion Conclusion References References

3. AIM OF THE PROJECT In broadcast service operators would like the viewing of sufficiently corrupted VIDEO/IMAGE on the screen of the unauthorized viewer to allure potential customers without sacrificing the level of robustness provided by digital encryption techniques. In broadcast service operators would like the viewing of sufficiently corrupted VIDEO/IMAGE on the screen of the unauthorized viewer to allure potential customers without sacrificing the level of robustness provided by digital encryption techniques.

4. BASIC DEFINITONS BASIC DEFINITONS Video: The sequence of frames put together one after another is a video sequence. Scrambling : The in order sequence of an image content. Data Embedding : In this project data which is to be transmitted with high security is embedded into the scrambled digital video, such that its presence will not be known out side. Here the data is hidden in such a way that the original video will not be degraded.

5. In this project we can mainly use 3 techniques. In this project we can mainly use 3 techniques. 1.Video scrambling technique: The process of corrupting a video in a particular order is called as video scrambling. 1.Video scrambling technique: The process of corrupting a video in a particular order is called as video scrambling. 2.Transformation technique: Conversion of one form of data into another form. 2.Transformation technique: Conversion of one form of data into another form. 3. LSB technique: Stands for least significant bit technique. It is the one of the data embedding technique. 3. LSB technique: Stands for least significant bit technique. It is the one of the data embedding technique.

6. 1.VIDEO SCRAMBLING TECHNIQUE : 1.VIDEO SCRAMBLING TECHNIQUE : Video scrambling or video encryption is an extremely useful method for the stopping unwanted interception and viewing of any transmitted video or other information. Video scrambling or video encryption is an extremely useful method for the stopping unwanted interception and viewing of any transmitted video or other information. Steps in digital video scrambling are Steps in digital video scrambling are Digital video and its formats Digital video and its formats Frame conversion Frame conversion Frame to image conversion Frame to image conversion Scrambling of each image Scrambling of each image

7. 2.TRANSFORMATION TECHNIQUE : Transformation : one form of data is converted into another form. Transformation : one form of data is converted into another form. Need for Transformation : Need for Transformation : To analyze the image. To analyze the image. To know the frequency contents that exists in the To know the frequency contents that exists in the image. image. To detailed information of the image. To detailed information of the image.

8. TYPES OF TRANSFORMATION TECHNIQUES: Fourier Transform Fourier Transform Short term Fourier Transform Short term Fourier Transform Wavelet Transform. Wavelet Transform. WAVELET TRANSFORM : WAVELET TRANSFORM : A wavelet is a wave form of effectively limited duration that has an average value of zero A wavelet is a wave form of effectively limited duration that has an average value of zero

9. PLOT OF FOURIER & WAVELET : Fourier coefficients gives a flat spectrum with two peaks respectively. Fourier coefficients gives a flat spectrum with two peaks respectively. Wavelet coefficients clearly shows the exact location in time of the discontinues. Wavelet coefficients clearly shows the exact location in time of the discontinues.

10. WAVELETS ARE TWO TYPES : CWT(Continuous wavelet transformations ) CWT(Continuous wavelet transformations ) DWT(Discrete wavelet transformations ) DWT(Discrete wavelet transformations ) DWT : DWT gives the complete description of the image DWT gives the complete description of the image by using three level decomposition. by using three level decomposition. [A,H,V,D] = dwt2(I, ’haar’); stores high intensity (approximate ) values. A= stores high intensity (approximate ) values. stores horizontal,vertical, diagonal h, v, d = stores horizontal,vertical, diagonal (low intensity)values (low intensity)values basic filter. Haar = basic filter.

11. Advantages of Wavelet transforms over other transforms : The wavelet transform is a multi-resolution description of an VIDEO/IMAGE The wavelet transform is a multi-resolution description of an VIDEO/IMAGE The wavelet transform is closer to the human visual system than the DCT. The wavelet transform is closer to the human visual system than the DCT. The wavelet transform generates a data structure known as scale-space representation. The wavelet transform generates a data structure known as scale-space representation. The spatial resolution of the wavelet transforms increases with frequency. The spatial resolution of the wavelet transforms increases with frequency.

12. 3.LSB METHOD FOR DATA HIDING : LSB insertion is a common simple approach to embedding information in a image LSB insertion is a common simple approach to embedding information in a image But it is vulnerable to even slight image manipulation. But it is vulnerable to even slight image manipulation. Converting image from a format like GIF or BMP Converting image from a format like GIF or BMP to JPEG and back could destroy the information to JPEG and back could destroy the information hidden in LSBs. hidden in LSBs.

13. LSB WORKING RULE : LSB WORKING RULE : Taking advantage of the way the human eye perceives images, this technique involves replacing the N least significant bits of each pixel of a container image with the data of a hidden message. Taking advantage of the way the human eye perceives images, this technique involves replacing the N least significant bits of each pixel of a container image with the data of a hidden message. Example: Consider 1 pixel of an 8 bit grayscale Image Example: Consider 1 pixel of an 8 bit grayscale Image E.g.. gray level intensity E.g.. gray level intensity 156 = 1001 1100 156 = 1001 1100 Hide data at say N=2 1001 1111 Hide data at say N=2 1001 1111 New value 1001 1111 = 159 New value 1001 1111 = 159

14. The famous ‘Lena’ image.(8 bit grayscale) “We can not see “We can not see difference” difference” ’Lena’ with 2 bits replaced using LSB

15. FLOW CHART INPUT VIDEO VIDEO FRAME CONVERSION FRAME TO IMAGE CONVERSION IMAGE SCRAMBLLING DECOMPOSITION OF A SCRAMBLED IMAGE EMBEDDING TEXT INTO IMAGE ENCODING (HUFFMAN) ENCODE THE TEXT DATA READ THE CHARACTERS INPUT TEXT ENCODING: SCRAMBLING TRANSFORMATION LSB TECHNIQUE

16. DECODING : DECODING (HUFFMAN)) EXTRACTING TEXT & IMAGE OUTPUT TEXT IMAGE TO FRAME CONVERSION VIDEO FORMATION OUTPUT VIDEO DECODING OF SCRAMBLED IMAGE

17. We can use MAT Lab to develop this project because, ADVANTAGES OF MATLAB :  MATLAB is a high performance language for technical computing  Math and computation  Algorithm development  Data acquisition  Data analysis,exploration ands visualization  Scientific and engineering graphics TECHNOLOGY & TOOLS TECHNOLOGY & TOOLS

18. MATLAB MATLAB Programming language User written / Built in functions Graphics 2-D graphics 3-D graphics Color and lighting Animation Computation Linear algebra Signal processing Quadrature Etc External interface Interface with C and FORTRAN Programs Tool boxes 1.Signal processing 2.Image processing 3.Control systems 4.Neural Networks 5.Communications 6.Robust control 7.Statistics

19. Graphical User Interface Browsing Input AVI VIDEO RESULTS

20. Frame Separation and Scrambling Data Embedding Process

21. Data Retrieval Process Output Video

22. MERITS & APPLICATIONS  Confidential communication and secret data storing.  Protection of data alteration.  Used in military for secret communication.  Data hiding over authorized web pages DISADVANTAGES:  Only small amount of data is effectively transmitted  LSB technique is not efficient for large data

23.  To gain more security over this project, the text message will also be scrambled together with the video.  Both the scrambled text and video are embedded and transmitted for higher securities. FUTURE SCOPE

24.  The embedding of the randomized data into the scrambled VIDEO, will not effect the retrieval of original video.  A data embedding technique for sending data within an AVI transparent scrambled VIDEO system was designed and tested successfully. CONCLUSION

25. REFERENCES BOOKS: BOOKS: Communication systems 4 th Edition by SIMON HAYKIN Communication systems 4 th Edition by SIMON HAYKIN Digital image/VIDEO/IMAGE processing by Gonzalez Digital image/VIDEO/IMAGE processing by Gonzalez Digital signal processing by Prokis Digital signal processing by Prokis REFERENCES(JOURNALS): REFERENCES(JOURNALS): ISO/IEC 13818:1996, “Coding of Moving Pictures and Associated Audio (AVI-2); Part 1: Systems, Part 2: VIDEO/IMAGE”. ISO/IEC 13818:1996, “Coding of Moving Pictures and Associated Audio (AVI-2); Part 1: Systems, Part 2: VIDEO/IMAGE”. J.L. Mitchell, W.B. Pennebaker, C.E. Fogg, D.J. LeGall, AVI VIDEO/IMAGE Compression Standard, Chapman&Hall, 1996 J.L. Mitchell, W.B. Pennebaker, C.E. Fogg, D.J. LeGall, AVI VIDEO/IMAGE Compression Standard, Chapman&Hall, 1996 M. Pazarci, V. Dipçin, “A AVI2-Transparent Scrambling Technique”, IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, Vol. 48, No. 2, May 2002. M. Pazarci, V. Dipçin, “A AVI2-Transparent Scrambling Technique”, IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, Vol. 48, No. 2, May 2002.

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