1. Tamal Bose, Digital Signal and Image Processing © 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 11-1 (p. 624) (a) Image coder; (b) image decoder.

2. Tamal Bose, Digital Signal and Image Processing © 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 11-2 (p. 633) (a) Original “Lena” image; (b) phase spectrum; (c) log-magnitude spectrum; (d) centrally shifted log- magnitude spectrum.

3. Tamal Bose, Digital Signal and Image Processing © 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 11-3 (p. 634) (a) Original “Lena” image; (b) Image reconstructed with 60 x 60 DFT coefficients; (c) 80 x 80 DFT coefficients; (d) 120 x 120 DFT coefficients.

4. Tamal Bose, Digital Signal and Image Processing © 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 11-4 (p. 634) (a) An example of x(n); (b) is a symmetric extension of x(n).

5. Tamal Bose, Digital Signal and Image Processing © 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 11-5 (p. 639) (a) Original “Lena” image; (b) magnitude of DCT.

6. Tamal Bose, Digital Signal and Image Processing © 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 11-6 (p. 640) (a) Original “Lena” image; (b) image reconstructed with 60 x 60 DCT coefficients; (c) 80 x 80 coefficients; (d) 110 x 110 coefficients.

7. Tamal Bose, Digital Signal and Image Processing © 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 11-7 (p. 648) Entropy of a two-symbol (binary) source.

8. Tamal Bose, Digital Signal and Image Processing © 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 11-8 (p. 649) Example of codeword generation in Huffman coding.

9. Tamal Bose, Digital Signal and Image Processing © 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 11-9 (p. 650) Example of LZW encoding scheme.

10. Tamal Bose, Digital Signal and Image Processing © 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 11-10 (p. 651) 2-D DPCM.

11. Tamal Bose, Digital Signal and Image Processing © 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 11-11 (p. 655) Jayant quantizer characteristic.

12. Tamal Bose, Digital Signal and Image Processing © 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 11-12 (p. 657) Original “Lena” image.

13. Tamal Bose, Digital Signal and Image Processing © 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 11-13 (p. 658) 2-bit Jayant quantized “Lena.”

14. Tamal Bose, Digital Signal and Image Processing © 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 11-14 (p. 658) Error image using 2-bit Jayant quantizer.

15. Tamal Bose, Digital Signal and Image Processing © 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 11-15 (p. 659) Decoded image using predictor of Case 1.

16. Tamal Bose, Digital Signal and Image Processing © 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 11-16 (p. 659) Error image for predictor of Case 1.

17. Tamal Bose, Digital Signal and Image Processing © 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 11-17 (p. 660) Decoded image using predictor of Case 2.

18. Tamal Bose, Digital Signal and Image Processing © 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 11-18 (p. 660) Error image using predictor of Case 2.

19. Tamal Bose, Digital Signal and Image Processing © 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 11-19 (p. 660) (a) JPEG encoder, (b) JPEG decoder.

20. Tamal Bose, Digital Signal and Image Processing © 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 11-20 (p. 661) Quantization tables; (a) luminance, (b) chrominance.

21. Tamal Bose, Digital Signal and Image Processing © 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 11-21 (p. 662) Example: (a) an 8 x 8 image matrix, A, (b) DCT matrix of A, (c) quantized DCT matrix.

22. Tamal Bose, Digital Signal and Image Processing © 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 11-22 (p. 663) Zig-zag procedure to create a vector sequence from the 8 x 8 quantizezd DCT matrix.

23. Tamal Bose, Digital Signal and Image Processing © 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P11-1 (p. 666)