1. Flemish baroque painter Peter Paul Rubens baroque 1577 - 1640

2. Diego Velázquez 1599 – 1660 Self-portrait

3. Velasquez 1650

4. Las Meninas 1656-57 Diego Velazquez

5. Rembrandt 1634 Rembrandt VAN RIJN 1606 - 1669 Amsterdam

6. Rembrandt Return of the Prodigal Son 1636

7. Dutch Still Life Jan Davidsz. de Heem (1606-1683/4)

8. Dutch, 1620

9. "Windmill at Wijk- bij-Duurstede". Jacob van Ruisdael Dutch 1670

10. “Girl with Pearl Earring” 1665-67 Johannes Vermeer 1632-1675 Delft

11. Vermeer Lady and Gentleman Drinking Wine (1660)

12. Vermeer 1660-1661 View of Delft, Netherlands, after the Fire

13. The Little Street 1657-58 Vermeer

14. Vermeer Woman Holding a Balance 1662-4.

15. Johannes Vermeer Girl Interrupted at Her Music c. 1660

16. The Painter and his Model as Klio

18. Vermeer The Geographer 1668-69

19. The Astronomer Vermeer Is this Leeuwenhook?

20. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (Dutch 1632-1723) Discovered bacteria protistsprotists, sperm cells blood cells rotifers Leeuwenhoek is known to have made over 500 "microscopes"

21. Antony van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723)... my work, which I've done for a long time, was not pursued in order to gain the praise I now enjoy, but chiefly from a craving after knowledge, which I notice resides in me more than in most other men. And therewithal, whenever I found out anything remarkable, I have thought it my duty to put down my discovery on paper, so that all ingenious people might be informed thereof. Letter of June 12, 1716

22. Vermeer Girl with red hat (in NGA)

23. The eye and the camera obscura video I say that if the front of a building—or any open piazza or field—which is illuminated by the sun has a dwelling opposite to it, and if, in the front which does not face the sun, you make a small round hole, all the illuminated objects will project their images through that hole and be visible inside the dwelling on the opposite wall which may be made white; and there, in fact, they will be upside down. Leonardo

24. Camera obscura video

25. Detail from paintingImage seen with camera obscura From NGA website: Although the camera obscura creates no lasting record, it intensifies colors and dramatically differentiates depth of field. It also produces optical effects not normally visible, such as diffused circular highlights caused by bright light reflecting off shiny surfaces.