1. Andrew Jackson: 1767 - 1845 Andrew Jackson: 1767 - 1845 Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

2. Essential Question: Champion of the “Common Man”? “King” Andrew? OR

3. What were the democratic trends in the 19c? What were the democratic trends in the 19c?

4. Voting Requirements in the Early 19c

5. Voter Turnout: 1820 - 1860

6. Why Increased Democratization? White male suffrage increased White male suffrage increased Party nominating committees. Party nominating committees. Voters chose their state’s slate of Presidential electors. Voters chose their state’s slate of Presidential electors. Spoils system. Spoils system. Rise of Third Parties. Rise of Third Parties. Popular campaigning (parades, rallies, floats, etc.) Popular campaigning (parades, rallies, floats, etc.) Two-party system returned in the 1832 election: Two-party system returned in the 1832 election: Dem-Reps  Natl. Reps.(1828)  Whigs (1832)  Republicans (1854) Dem-Reps  Natl. Reps.(1828)  Whigs (1832)  Republicans (1854) Democrats (1828) Democrats (1828)

7. Jackson's Early Life Jackson's Early Life

8. Jackson’s First Hermitage Residence

9. First Known Painting of Jackson, 1815

10. General Jackson During the Seminole Wars

11. Jackson's First Presidential Run Jackson's First Presidential Run

12. The “Common Man’s” Presidential Candidate

13. Jackson’s Opponents in 1824 Henry Clay [KY] John Quincy Adams [MA] John C. Calhoun [SC] William H. Crawford [GA]

14. Results of the 1824 Election A “Corrupt Bargain?”

15. What were the key issues in 1828? What were the key issues in 1828?

16. Rachel Jackson Final Divorce Decree

17. Jackson in Mourning for His Wife

18. 1828 Election Results

19. The Center of Population in the Country Moves WEST

20. The New “Jackson Coalition” 1. The Planter Elite in the South 2. People on the Frontier 3. State Politicians – spoils system 4. Immigrants and laborers in the cities

21. Jackson’s Faith in the “Common Man” Intense distrust of Eastern “establishment,” monopolies, & special privilege. His heart & soul was with the “plain folk.” Belief that the common man was capable of uncommon achievements.

22. The Reign of “King Mob”

23. Andrew Jackson as President

24. The “Peggy Eaton Affair”

25. The Nullification Issue The Nullification Issue

26. The Webster-Hayne Debate: 1830 Sen. Daniel Webster [MA] Sen. Robert Hayne [SC]

27. 18301830 Webster: Liberty and Union, now and forever, one and inseparable. Webster: Liberty and Union, now and forever, one and inseparable. Jackson: Our Federal Union—it must be preserved. Jackson: Our Federal Union—it must be preserved. Calhoun: The Union, next to our liberty, most dear. Calhoun: The Union, next to our liberty, most dear.

28. The Tariff Issue The Tariff Issue

29. 1832 Tariff Conflict 1828 --> “Tariff of Abomination” 1832 --> new tariff South Carolina’s reaction? Jackson’s response? Clay’s “Compromise of 1833” Tariff?

30. Jackson's Native- American Policy Jackson's Native- American Policy

31. Indian Removal Jackson’s Goal? 1830  Indian Removal Act Cherokee Nation v. GA (1831) * “domestic dependent nation” Worcester v. GA (1832) Jackson: “John Marshall has made his decision, now let him enforce it!”

32. The Cherokee Nation After 1820

33. Indian Removal

34. Trail of Tears (1838- 1839)

35. Jackson’s Professed “Love” for Native Americans

36. Renewing the Charter of the 1st National Bank Renewing the Charter of the 1st National Bank

37. Jackson’s Use of Federal Power VETO 1830  Maysville Road project in KY [state of his political rival, Henry Clay]

38. The National Bank Debate Nicholas Biddle President Jackson

39. Opposition to the 2 nd B.U.S. “Soft” (paper) $ “Hard” (specie) $ state bankers felt it restrained their banks from issuing bank notes freely. supported rapid economic growth & speculation. felt that coin was the only safe currency. didn’t like any bank that issued bank notes. suspicious of expansion & speculation.

40. The “Monster” Is Destroyed! “pet banks”? 1832  Jackson vetoed the extension of the 2 nd National Bank of the United States. 1836  the charter expired. 1841  the bank went bankrupt!

41. The Downfall of “Mother Bank”

42. An 1832 Cartoon: “King Andrew”? An 1832 Cartoon: “King Andrew”?

43. 1832 Election Results Main Issue?

44. The Specie Circular (1836) “wildcat banks.” buy future federal land only with gold or silver. Jackson’s goal?

45. Results of the Specie Circular Banknotes loose their value. Land sales plummeted. Credit not available. Businesses began to fail. Unemployment rose. The Panic of 1837!

46. The 1836 Election Results Martin Van Buren “Old Kinderhook” [O. K.]

47. The Panic of 1837 Spreads Quickly!

48. Andrew Jackson in Retirement

49. Photo of Andrew Jackson in 1844 (one year before his death) 1767 - 1845