1. Chapter 2 – Economy & Development Mr. Wilson LMAC

3. http://www.champlain2004.org/html/12/1203_full_1_e.html

7. TTreaty of Utrecht in 1713 TThe Deportation of the Acadians TThe Battle on the Plains of Abraham TThe Treaty of Paris 1763

8.  The Fur trade remained the main economic activity until…  The British were suddenly involved in the Napoleonic Wars – which led to a need for…  As a result – the Fur Trade was replaced by…

10.  The Scottish, the English, the Americans set up businesses Montreal – Why?  The French companies disappear – Why?  French Canadian Voyageurs – are they still around? Why?

11.  In the North and the West = Fur Trade.  In 1783 = the Northwest Company is formed (Land Prospecting).  Fur Trade almost over – very low demand.  HBC combines with the NWC.  But by 1821 – The Fur Trade in Montreal stops completely.

12. The Northwest Company!

14. Why did the Economic focus change so drastically under the British? (And as Historians – there is never just ONE answer!)

15.  The Quebec Act of 1774  U.S. War of Independence 1775-1783  The Napoleonic Wars  INDUSTRIALIZATION

17.  Made provisions for the French living in the British colony.  Made it legal to be Catholic, own land and run a business.  Reinstated French Civil Law (marriages, disputes, etc.) while maintaining English Common Law (Administration, criminals, etc.)

21.  18 th century – England got it’s wood from…  Why didn’t they buy timber from their colonies in North America?  However, this suddenly changed when Napoleon arrived on the scene!

22.  1806 – Napoleon’s Goal.  Napoleon’s Grande Armée  British Navy – The best  To invade England, what does Napoleon have to do first?

24.  Forces England to get its wood from its colonies.  Impact on New England’s economy?  British investors – war effort.  Ships using the St-Laurence – increases by… 600%

27.  Lower Canada (Quebec) produced mainly SQUARE-SAWN TIMBER – used for ship parts and construction.  New Jobs created:  Lumber Jack  Loggers or Raftsmen  Stevedores or longshoremen  Carpenters and woodworkers  Labour for the lumber mills

29.  Expansion of territory: the Outaouais Saguenay Lac-St-Jean and the Mauricie  Lots of work = Increased STANDARD OF LIVING  What happens to the GDP?

31.  Investors were obviously…  War is generally good for business.  The Bank of Montreal opened in 1817.  It is Canada’s oldest bank.

32.  Early 19 th century - England could no longer feed its population (i.e.: the Blockade)  As a result, the Brits started relying on Canada’s wheat production to help out.  Upper Canada produced most of the wheat, while Lower Canada produced more ANIMAL HUSBANDRY. Why?

36.  The 19 th century = Industrialization.  Master craftsmen suddenly replaced by unskilled workers.  Industrial Capitalism starts to compete with local tradesmen.

37.  Industrialization = URBANIZATION.  People start moving to the cities for work.  Trois-Rivières, Quebec and especially Montreal, with its huge port – were developing quickly. Why?  Montreal – the largest in-land sea port in the world!

38.  Protectionist Policy = where a government sets up customs and duties on its imports and exports in order to contain outside competition.  So England would do business with its colonies…

39.  Liberalism Policy = this is the belief that the government should not interfere with economics.  Hence the idea of “Free Trade”  Naturally, who become Canada’s biggest business partner? Reasons: Proximity Large population = Large demand

40.  Industrialization changed business.  Transportation suddenly becomes extremely important.  1825 The construction of the Erie Canal in the U.S.  Canada starts investing in its transportation network.

42.  The Lachine Canal (1821-1825)  So steam boats could go around the Lachine Rapids  The Rideau Canal (1826-1832)  Connecting the Ottawa river to Lake Ontario  The Chambly Canal (1833-1843)  Connects the Richelieu River to Lake Champlain.

46.  The first Canadian railroad was inaugurated in1836.  It connected the South Shore of Montreal to St-Jean sur le Richelieu. In 1848 – Montreal to Portland In 1851 – the Great Trunk Railroad, from Sarnia ON to Montreal and Rivière-du-Loup.

47. Create a Timeline:  In your workbooks, make a timeline with the following information: 1. Indicate several key events which had an economic impact on British North America. 2. Then discuss the consequences (good or bad) for each of those key events.

48. (Ninja’s don’t need to ask questions…)