1. 07/12/061 Modeling a Black Hole Fill in your information here. Fill in your information here.

2. 207/12/06 What do you know???? What do you know???? Use the materials on your table to create what you think a black hole would look like Use the materials on your table to create what you think a black hole would look like Make sure you have a reason for every piece you use Make sure you have a reason for every piece you use

3. 307/12/06 What’s the plan Stan…. Explore and common misconceptions about black holes through construction of a model of the black hole Explore and common misconceptions about black holes through construction of a model of the black hole

4. 407/12/06 Active Galaxies Educator Unit Essential question: Essential question: –What do active galaxies look like when viewed from different distances? Science concepts: Science concepts: –The small angle approximation has limits. –The angular size of an object depends on its distance and its physical diameter.

5. 507/12/06 Active Galaxy Animation Put agn video here

6. 607/12/06 Galaxies and Black Holes Zooming in to see the central torus of an Active Galaxy. Zooming in to see the central torus of an Active Galaxy. Jet Accretion disk Black Hole

7. 707/12/06 Monstrous black holes At the heart of every galaxy lies a black hole, millions to billions times the mass of our Sun At the heart of every galaxy lies a black hole, millions to billions times the mass of our Sun HST/NGC 4261 800 light years

8. 807/12/06 Radio Lobe Galaxy Radio lobes Jet Accretion Disk

9. 907/12/06 Two Views of an Active Galaxy View at an angle to jet View at 90  from Jet Radio Lobe GalaxySeyfert Galaxy

10. 1007/12/06 Another view of an Active Galaxy Looking down the Jet From this view, we see the Active Galaxy emitting gamma rays and X-rays. Blazar Galaxy Quasar 3C279

11. 1107/12/06 Masses of Black Holes Primordial – can be any size, including very small (If <10 14 g, they would still exist) Primordial – can be any size, including very small (If <10 14 g, they would still exist) “Stellar mass” black holes – must be at least 3 M o (~10 34 g) – many examples are known “Stellar mass” black holes – must be at least 3 M o (~10 34 g) – many examples are known Intermediate black holes – range from 100 to 1000 M o - located in normal galaxies – many seen Intermediate black holes – range from 100 to 1000 M o - located in normal galaxies – many seen Massive black holes – about 10 6 M o – such as in the center of the Milky Way – many seen Massive black holes – about 10 6 M o – such as in the center of the Milky Way – many seen Supermassive black holes – about 10 9-10 M o - located in Active Galactic Nuclei, often accompanied by jets – many seen Supermassive black holes – about 10 9-10 M o - located in Active Galactic Nuclei, often accompanied by jets – many seen

12. 1207/12/06 How does this apply? NSES Content Standard A: Science as Inquiry Content Standard A: Science as Inquiry –Abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry –Students make calculations to test the small angle formula (hypothesis and observation). –Using their own calculations, the students formulate and revise the theory about an object’s size. –After having analyzed measurements of nearby objects, students answer questions that engage thought and analysis about real objects in space. –Understanding about scientific inquiry –Students learn how scientists determine the distance and/or size of an object in space. Content Standard B: Physical Science Content Standard B: Physical Science –Motion and Forces –Jets of materials are ejected at velocities light speed from the black hole in an Students answer questions to help them how big the jets from AGs are, and how can see them at vast distances. Content Standard D: Earth and Space Science Content Standard D: Earth and Space Science –Origin and Evolution of the Universe –Active galaxies are a fundamental part of the evolutionary process of the universe. Content Standard E: Science and Technology Content Standard E: Science and Technology –Understanding about science and technology –The small angle formula is an essential tool used by astronomers to get physical dimensions of astronomical objects. Content Standard G: History and Nature of Science Content Standard G: History and Nature of Science –Science as a human endeavor –Students answer questions about the ability of the human eye to distinguish objects, showing how this activity affects them in daily life. –Students see that by working in groups they can formulate better hypotheses about scientific inquiries due to the extra input from others.

13. 1307/12/06 Brainstorm Time Compare your model to what you just saw

14. 1407/12/06 The NASA Educator Ambassador Program at SSU You should modify this slide to fit you Swift GLAST XMM-Newton

15. 1507/12/06 What is GLAST? GLAST: Gamma-Ray Large Area Space Telescope GLAST: Gamma-Ray Large Area Space Telescope Planned for launch in 2007 Planned for launch in 2007 GLAST has two instruments: GLAST has two instruments: –Large Area Telescope (LAT) –GLAST Burst Monitor (GBM) GLAST will look at many different objects within the energy range of 10keV to 300GeV. GLAST will look at many different objects within the energy range of 10keV to 300GeV. LAT GBM

16. 1607/12/06 What GLAST will see… Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) Pulsars Pulsars Solar flares Solar flares Cosmic gamma ray background Cosmic gamma ray background Unidentified sources Unidentified sources Cosmic rays (indirectly, through gamma rays seen when cosmic rays hit interstellar gas) Cosmic rays (indirectly, through gamma rays seen when cosmic rays hit interstellar gas) Dark matter (perhaps) Dark matter (perhaps)

17. 1707/12/06 Resources http://glast.sonoma.edu/teachers/teachers.html http://glast.sonoma.edu/teachers/teachers.html http://glast.sonoma.edu/teachers/teachers.html –Here you can find an html version of the AGN Guide and a PDF printable version, and other supplemental materials. http://glast.sonoma.edu/scitech/gru/agn/index.html http://glast.sonoma.edu/scitech/gru/agn/index.html http://glast.sonoma.edu/scitech/gru/agn/index.html http://ircamera.as.arizona.edu/NatSci102/lectures/agns.htm (really cool pictures for students) http://ircamera.as.arizona.edu/NatSci102/lectures/agns.htm (really cool pictures for students) http://ircamera.as.arizona.edu/NatSci102/lectures/agns.htm Want more materials from us? Want more materials from us? –Visit: http://epo.sonoma.edu/orderforms/orderformpublic.html http://epo.sonoma.edu/orderforms/orderformpublic.html