1. The Work Force and Labor Unions

2. Growth of labor A big supply of labor helped industries to grow quickly Most workers faced dangerous conditions Five million men, women, and children worked in factories by 1880

3. Company Towns Town built around a factory where none exists for workers to live Factory owners also owned grocery stores and other town services, setting their prices so that workers could not save up and leave

4. Women and Children in the Workplace Women were often hired to work in garment factories Children were often given jobs that required getting into small, dangerous spaces Women and children were paid less, but in many cases just as desperate for work

5. What is a Labor Union? An organized association of workers, often in a trade or profession, formed to protect and further their rights and interests

6. Knights of Labor Founded by Uriah Stephens and Terence Powderly Goals included an eight hour work day, health and safety protections, and no child labor All workers were allowed to join

8. International Ladies Garment Workers Union Founded by Pauline Newman Goals were better and safer conditions for women who worked in garment factories after the Triangle Shirtwaist Fire At first open only to women working in garment factories, later opened to all men and women who worked in garment factories

10. American Federation of Labor Founded by Samuel Gompers Goals were shorter work hours, higher wages, and better working conditions Only skilled workers were allowed in this union

12. American Railway Union Led by Eugene V. Debs Goals were higher wages, worker safety regulations, and shorter hours All railroad workers allowed to join