1. THE RULES OF THE ULTIMATUM GAME 1. The Referee gives some money, say $10, to the Proposer. 2. The Proposer may offer any amount $X, between $1 and $10, to the Decider, with the Proposer to keep the balance of $(10 - X). 3. If the Decider accepts the offer, then the Decider gets to keep $X and the Proposer gets to keep $(10 - X). 4. If the Decider rejects the offer, then they each get nothing.

2. EXAMPLE OF UTILITARIAN REASONING

3. TAXONOMY OF UTILITARIAN ETHICAL THEORIES Ethical Theories Character of agents Virtue theory Principles governing action Deontology Consequences for those with moral standing ConsequentialismObjective Utilitarian (Mental state) Hedonsistic (Sensation-based) Preference- satisfaction (Desire-based) Ethical egoism

4. MEASURING THE UTILITY OF A LAPTOP COMPUTER

5. TAXONOMY OF UTILITARIAN ETHICAL THEORIES UtilitarianismHedonistic Preference- satisfaction Direct (Act) Indirect (Rule) AverageTotalActual-value Expected- value