1. HAIR, SCALP & CONSULTATION

2. THE HAIR SHAFT
THE MEDULLA
THE CORTEX
THE CUTICLE

3. THE CUTICLE
CLOSED
OPEN

4. POOR CONDITION Chemicals enter OPEN CUTICLES Porous Poor cuticle

5. Chemicals cannot enter as easily
GOOD CONDITION
Chemicals cannot enter as easily
CLOSED CUTICLES
Resistant
Good cuticle
condition

6. TASK 1
POROSITY TEST
Get into pairs and carry out an analysis of each others hair condition.
Look at the hair.
Listen and discuss previous treatments.
Feel the hair; this tells you a lot about the condition.
Carry out a porosity test.
Discuss the findings
TAKE A FEW STRANDS OF HAIR AND WITH ONE FINGER & ONE THUMB SIDE DOWN TOWARDS THE SCALP. THE MORE RESISTANCE FELT, THE MORE POROUS THE HAIR.

7. TASK 2
Label the diagram and fill in the missing words from the list at the bottom of the page.
The cuticle is made up of SEVEN to TEN
layers of overlapping scales. These scales
are TRANSLUCENT, like frosted glass, so that the hair colour can be seen through them.
The cuticle is very tough and holds the whole hair together, but it may be damaged by HARSH CHEMICALS such as perms or bleaches or harsh treatments such as BACK BRUSHING.
Answers:
BACK BRUSHING, TEN, TRANSLUCENT, HARSH CHEMICALS, SEVEN.

8. IS DETERMINED BY THE AMOUNT OF CUTLCLE LAYERS
THE HAIR TEXTURE
IS DETERMINED BY THE AMOUNT OF CUTLCLE LAYERS
FINE
MEDIUM
COARSE
Very fine hair
Average hair
Very coarse hair

9. THE CORTEX
REAL HAIR
DRAWING

10. HAIR ELASTICITY
POLYPEPTIDE CHAIN
CORTIAL FIBRES
LAYERS OF THE CUTICLE

11. PHYSICAL DAMAGE HAIR HAS BEEN SHEARED OFF CORTEX RIPPED
THE START OF A SPLIT END

12. TASK 3 Look up elasticity test in the index page of your text book
And complete the following sentence;
How, why and when do you carry out an elasticity test?

13. (USE YOUR TEXT BOOKS TO HELP)
TASK 4
(USE YOUR TEXT BOOKS TO HELP)
The cortex is made from many strands or fibres, which are twisted together.
These can stretch, and then return to their original length.
Hair is made of a protein called KERATIN.
Keratin itself is made of AMINO ACIDS, which
are found in long coiled chains
called POLYPEPTIDE chains.
Various links and bonds hold these chains together.
Temporary bonds are HYDROGEN bonds
and SALT links. These break and rejoin whenever the
hair is STRETCHED or DRIED into a new shape.
Answers:
HYDROGEN, KERATIN, POLYPEPTIDE, AMINO ACIDS, DRIED, SALT, STRETCHED.

14. TASK 4 continued (USE YOUR TEXT BOOKS TO HELP)
Permanent bonds are called SULPHUR bonds;
these are very strong and can only be broken by using
PERMS or RELAXERS.
The cortex also contains colour PIGMENT.
These pigments are called MELANIN, which are
brown and black, and PHEOMELANIN, which
are YELLOW and RED. These can only be altered
by permanent TINT or BLEACHED. The medulla is not always present in hair and does not have any real function
Answers:
MELANIN, BLEACHED, RED, RELAXERS, YELLOW, PERMS, TINT, PIGMENT, SULPHUR, PHEOMELANIN.

15. TASK 5 IN GROUPS COMPLETE A LIST OF WHAT CAUSES DAMAGE TO THE HAIR
ENVIROMENTAL
PHYSICAL
CHEMICAL

16. The regeneration of the hair is influenced by the following factors:
Health
Diet
Age
Effects of disease
Hormone balance
Heredity factors
Climate
Physical condition
Chemical affects
Non stress

17. Hair is grouped into the following types:
TASK 5
Hair is grouped into the following types:
Caucasian (European) - Loosely waved or straight hair.
Negroid (African) - Tight, kinked, woolly, curled hair.
Mongoloid (Asian) - Coarse, straight, lank hair.

18. PH SCALE Bleach Tint Shampoo Water Hair & Scalp ACID NEUTRAL ALKALINE
With the help of page 19 of your text book write the following onto the pH scale below indicating where they would sit;
Bleach
Tint
Shampoo
Water
Hair & Scalp
Then complete the following task
ACID
NEUTRAL
ALKALINE

19. PH SCALE - TASK PRODUCT VALUE pH ACID ALKALINE
Look on the packaging to see if you can find the pH value of these products or use the universal indicator paper.
PRODUCT
VALUE pH
ACID
ALKALINE
PRE PERM SHAMPOO
COLLEGE SHAMPOO
SHAMPOO FROM HOME
COLLEGE CONDITIONER
4X4 VITAMIN
STYLING PRODUCT
HAIR SPRAY
FASHION FORM PERM SOLUTION
NEUTRALISER
TINT
PEROXIDE
WHEN COLOUR MIXED
TINT REMOVER
BLEACH
WATER