1. Gram positive spore forming bacilli
박준혁 - Quiz
최영아 - ppt 제작
이현정 - 발표
이신애 - 자료 조사

2. Contents Basic Bacillus Clostridium Quiz Gram positive Spore forming
Rod shaped bacteria
Bacillus
* Genus Bacillus
B. anthracis
B. Cereus
B. Subtilis
Clostridium
* Genus Clostridium
C. perfringens
C. tetani
C. difficle
C. botulinum
Quiz

3. 발표의도 Spore forming review Gram positive spore forming bacilli 분류 특징
Genus Bacillus 에 속하는 균의 종류 및 특징
Genus Clostridium 에 속하는 균의 종류 및 특징
탄저병, 파상풍,가스괴저 와 같은 질병의 발병 인자에 대해 알아보자

4. Gram positive

5. Gram positive

6. 간균
막대기 모양 또는 원통형 세균

7. Gram flow chart

8. Endospore

9. Spore forming process
생존을 위해 내생포자의 휴지기 세포 만듬
높은 열, 물 결핍, 독성화학물질에 강한 내성

10. Genus Bacillus
Aerobic condition Gram positive spore forming bacteria habitat : in soil, water, plants, animals.

11. Genus Bacillus Low virulence Common in the environment
(흙, 물, 공기, 사물기생, 곤충 병원균)
Encountered as contaminants
Major pathogens
- B.cereus
- B.anthracis

12. Bacillus anthracis Morphology : 3~10μm long , 1~1.15μm width
(largest of bacterial pathogens)
Characteristic : Non-motile, Catalase +
Central spores
* virulence factor
1. capsule
2. exotoxin

13. Bacillus anthracis Anthrax의 원인균 Anthrax 증상
Cutaneous(95% of human cases) hemorrhagic vesicle, covered black crust
Pulmonary (100% fatal) capillary thrombosis, cardiovascular shock
GIT/systemic (rare) vomiting, diarrhea, toxemia, death

15. Anthrax Control & Treatment 감수성 있는 항생제 : penicillin, doxycycline
ciprofloxacin
Live spore & toxoid vaccine : 가축
Alternative vaccine : 사람에게 사용
Cutaneous anthrax : I&D (Incision and drainage)

16. Bacillus cereus Morphology : facultative anaerobe flagella
Characteristic : β-hemolytic, Central spore

17. Bacillus cereus toxin-mediated food poisoning
: fried rice, meat or vegetables
Two toxins
Short incubation period : vomiting (dairy product)
Long incubation period : diarrhea (meat)
Airborne & dust-borne contaminant in cooked food
Stored at room temperature
Spores germinate and release enterotoxins

18. Bacillus subtilis Characteristic : Spore & flagella β-hemolytic (BAP)
non-toxic
비병원성균

19. 기타 Bacillus 속 균 B. thringiensis B. popilliae B. sphaericus B. larvae
B. lentimorbus
* 곤충 병원균, 상업적 살충제로 이용

20. Bacillus summary spore capsule flagella motility B. anthracis + -
B. cereus
B. subtilis

21. Genus Clostridium Obligative anaerobes
Endospore forming gram-positive bacilli
Catalase negative
Reside in a variety of habitats

22. Genus Clostridium Pathogens grouped according to toxin effect
1. Neurotoxic : C. botulinum, C. tetani
C. botulinum - flaccid paralysis
C. tetani - spastic paralysis
2. Enterotoxic : C. difficile, C. perfringens
C. difficile - antibiotic associated diarrhea
C. perfringens - gangrene, food poisoning

23. Clostridium perfringens
found in soil, on human skin, intestine and vagina
Capsule
Non-motile
Hemolysis on BAP- double zone

24. Clostridium perfringens
Gas gangrene
(myonecrosis)
cellulitis
Produces α-toxin (lecithinase )
Produces enzymes (collagenase,DNase, hyaluronidase)

25. Gas gangrene

26. Clostridium tetani
C. tetani is recovered from the wound in only 30% of cases
Motile
Terminal spores (drumstick)
Strict anaerobe

27. Action of tetanospasmin
Neonatal tetanus

28. Tetanus
근육의 경직 - 개구장애
후궁반장 비웃는듯한 표정

29. Treatment & control Treatment -TIG ( tetanus immune globulin ) -근육이완제
Prevention
-DPT (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus)

30. Clostridium botulinum
Commonly inhabit soil, water, and intestinal tracts of animals
Motile (flagella)
β-hemolysis
Botulism toxin (botulin)
-A,B,Cα,Cβ,D,E,F,G type
Causes food poisoning

31. Botulism 1. foodborne botulism - improperly sterilized canned food
2. wound botulism
- infected wound / inject heroin
3. infant botulism

32. Neurotoxin - botulin

33. Botulism

34. Clostridium difficile
0.5 X 6~8 µm
flagella
subterminal spore
- Produces
A(enterotoxin) and B(cytotoxin) toxins

35. Clostridium difficile
Antibiotic associated diarrhea
Pseudomembranous colitis
Lab diagnosis-ELISA, CCFA medium
(cycloserine,cefoxitin,
fructose)

36. Pseudomembrane colitis

37. Clostridium summary Summary of Clostridium Spore Capsule Flagella
motility
C. perfrigens
Subterminal + -
C. tetani
Terminal
C. botulinum
C. difficle
subterrminal

38. Reference
『의학 미생물학 21판』12장 포자형성 그램양성간균 , 유상렬, 충북대학교 의 과대학 미생물교실 pp.212~221
『병원미생물학 제3판』강재승 외16인 공저, 정문각, pp.125~132

39. 경청해 주셔서 감사합니다 ^_^ -4조