1. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. The Visible Computer Chapter 3

2. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Overview In this chapter, you will learn how to: – Describe how computing devices work – Identify common connectors and devices on a typical computer system – Discuss features common to operating system software

3. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. The Computing Process Computer: an electronic device that can perform calculations Typical personal computer (PC) – Runs Microsoft Windows – Used for various tasks Various types of computers – General-purpose computing devices – Specific-purpose computers – Devices with computers inside

4. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. The Computing Parts Hardware – Physical components you can touch (e.g., keyboard and monitor) Operating system (OS) controls hardware and enables user to tell the computer what to do – Example: Windows 8.1, Mac OS X, Linux – User interface(UI) is software with which you can interact – Graphical user interface (GUI) offers images or icons to select

5. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. The Computing Parts (continued) Applications (programs) – Allow you to do specialized tasks on a computer Type a letter. Send a message. View information about places and people.

6. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Stages Get data into the computer (user) Mouse, keyboard, touch screen Input Tell hardware what to do (OS) Central processing unit (CPU) Processing Show the results (OS) Monitor, speakers Output The computing process is comprised of three stages.

7. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Stages (continued) Additional stages in modern computing devices – Data storage Saving a permanent copy of work – Network connection Means by which one computer connects to one or more other computers

8. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Why the Process Matters The computing process applies to every device. – By understanding both the components involved and how they talk to each other, you can work with any computing device.

9. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Breaking It Down Steps in the whole computer process 1. Power up the computer 2. Processing parts prepare for action 3. You provide input 4. Processing parts process your command 5. Processing parts sends output 6. Output devices show results 7. Repeat Steps 3–6 (as needed) 8. Save your work 9. Power down the computer

10. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Computing Hardware Figure 3.12 PC with common peripherals

11. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Computing Hardware (continued) Figure 3.13 The business end of a PC

12. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Computing Hardware (continued) Figure 3.14 Inside the system unit

13. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Computing Hardware (continued) Figure 3.15 Portable computer (a MacBook Air)

14. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Computing Hardware (continued) Figure 3.16 Ports on a portable computer

15. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Computing Software 902 exam – mostly operating system tools – Focuses on five Microsoft operating systems Windows Vista Windows 7 Windows 8 Windows 8.1 Windows Phone/Mobile – Apple coverage: Mac OS X and iOS. – Linux distributions (or distros) and Google Android

16. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Common Operating System Functions Communicates with the hardware of the device Creates a user interface (UI) Enables users to determine available programs Enables users to add, move, and delete programs and data Provides a method to secure a system from threats

17. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. User Interfaces Purpose of exploring various operating system user interfaces – To learn the proper names and understand their functions – To serve as a handy review prior to taking 902 exam

18. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Windows Vista/7 Desktop – background Aero (or Aero Glass) – transparency at the edge of open applications Start Button – click to access applications, files, tools, folders Pinned programs – single left-click to launch Taskbar – shows running programs Notification area (system tray) – shows programs running in the background

19. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Figure 3.18 Windows 7 with applications open Windows Vista/7 (continued)

20. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Windows Vista/7 (continued) Right clicking with the mouse opens a context menu Sidebar – houses one or more Gadgets such as the clock and calendar – Vista only

21. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Windows 8/8.1 Graphical arrangement of tiles is used for full- screen programs (apps). Pinned apps display at the bottom of the screen. Metro UI is the code name for Windows 8 interface. – Microsoft replaced “Metro UI” name with “Modern UI” Start screen is the default Windows 8 interface.

22. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Windows 8/8.1 (continued) The desktop screen has no Start button. – Instead, use Windows logo key on standard keyboard. – Features widescreen side-by-side apps

23. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Windows 8/8.1 (continued) Figure 3.21 Windows 8 Start screen

24. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Windows 8/8.1 (continued) Figure 3.22 Windows 8 Desktop

25. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Windows 8/8.1 (continued) Figure 3.24 Windows 8.1

26. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Windows 8/8.1 (continued) Charms bar is a location for tools called charms – Revealed by placing the cursor in the top or bottom right corner of the screen Final version of Windows 8.1 uses Desktop as the default interface.

27. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Windows 8/8.1 (continued) Figure 3.27 Charms accessed by cursor in upper- or lower-right corner

28. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Windows 10 Blends traditional Desktop experience with the Metro/Modern UI – Retained Start menu – Removed Charms bar Create and manages multiple Desktops for grouping open applications with the Task View button

29. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Windows 10 (continued) Figure 3.29 Windows 10 with a few applications open

30. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mac OS X Desktop – background of main screen Dock – frequently used applications as icons Mission Control button – Brings up Mission Control utility that allows you to switch between open applications and more Supports Spaces – multiple Desktops

31. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mac OS X (continued) Figure 3.32 Mission Control button on keyboard

32. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mac OS X (continued) Figure 3.33 Mission Control showing four open apps and nine Desktops

33. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Linux – Variety of user interfaces called desktop environments (DEs) Figure 3.34 Multiple Desktops

34. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. File Structures and Paths Tree pattern – Root: drive or disc Followed by folder, subfolder, etc. Drives and discs have a drive letter designation.

35. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. File Structures and Paths (continued) Windows – Root directory – where the OS is installed – Access folders through Windows Explorer (Vista/7) and File Explorer (8/8.1/10) – File extension – appears after file name File association – tells OS which application to use with the file

36. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. File Structures and Paths (continued) Windows – C:\Program Files (All Windows versions) Default location for installing programs – Program files installed on 64-bit editions of Windows C:\Program Files for 64-bit applications C:\Program Files (x86) for 32-bit applications

37. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. File Structures and Paths (continued) Windows – Personal documents in subfolders of C:\Users C:\Users\Mike\Desktop C:\Users\Mike\Documents C:\Users\Mike\Downloads C:\Users\Mike\Music C:\Users\Mike\Pictures C:\Users\Mike\Videos

38. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. File Structures and Paths (continued) Mac OS X – Finder holds the key to files and folders. – The Mac style is different from Windows, but has functionally similar folders. Linux – Pretty much the same structure for user organization – Home folder rather than Users folder

39. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. The Tech Launch Points Windows Vista/7 – Control Panel Maintenance, upgrade, and configuration Exam assumes Classic view with large icons Populated by applets – specific aspects of Windows – System Tools menu Commonly accessed tools such as System Information and Disk Defragmenter Character Map – Command-line interface – text commands Useful when graphical Windows does not work

40. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. The Tech Launch Points (continued) Figure 3.46 Command prompt in Windows Vista

41. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. The Tech Launch Points (continued) Windows 8/8.1 – Control Panel As with previous Windows versions—the go-to source for tech tools – Administrative Tools Set up hard drives, manage devices, test system performance, etc. – Command Line

42. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. The Tech Launch Points (continued) Figure 3.50 Administrative Tools in the Apps list

43. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. The Tech Launch Points (continued) Windows 10 – Control Panel – Settings App Collection of utilities, apps, and tools in one handy place Figure 3.52 Windows Settings app

44. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. The Tech Launch Points (continued) Mac OS X – System Preferences Access to almost all administrative settings – Utilities folder Located in the Applications folder Figure 3.54 Accessing System Preferences

45. Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fifth Edition Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. The Tech Launch Points (continued) Linux – Terminal – command line – Unity (default for Ubuntu desktop) System Settings – Gnome 3 (default for Fedora Workstation, Red Hat Enterprise Linux) All Settings application – KDE Plasma Desktop (default for OpenSUSE, Kubuntu) Kickoff menu – looks and works like Windows 7 Start menu