1. A Slice of the Pie: Green Buildings and Campus Greenhouse Gas Reductions Steven Lanou Deputy Director - Sustainability Program Environmental Programs Office Massachusetts Institute of Technology 617-452-2907 / slanou@mit.eduslanou@mit.edu web.mit.edu/environment

2. Setting the Stage at MIT 160 buildings 11.5 million sq feet academic space 153 urban acres in Cambridge 20,000 person campus population Over 2,000 research labs District steam, chilled water & electricity Utilities purchased for FY2005 $33.6M $19.5M natural gas $7.2M electric $3.4M oil $3.5M water and sewer This rose in FY2006 to over $50M Historical 1M sq ft of new space/decade

3. A Growing Fuel Use

4. The Global Problem? …Is now well established And climate protection is beginning to focus campus attention

5. Climate Protection Leads to New Impetus & Frameworks for On-Campus Action Early campus “greening” activities generally independent – recycling, composting, pollution prevention & waste minimization As climate impacts materialize, climate protection begins to trump all others Other stakeholders and administration interests begin to align - realization of need for systemic commitment and inter-related action A comprehensive program for addressing greenhouse gas emissions emerges  New buildings are just one wedge of the reduction pie

6. Our GHG Challenge 168,000 Ton Reduction Needed for 1990 Levels Building consumption 90% Transportation (including commuting) 9.5% Solid waste.5%

7. Some Wedges in Emissions Growth Recycling, Transportation, Consumables, Biofuels, Other? Wedges to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions

8. An Emerging New Framework By partnering with an academic/research initiative The MIT Energy Initiative  President Hockfield’s signature research initiative  A call to action for MIT to tackle the global “energy crisis”: “The need for workable energy options is perhaps the greatest single challenge facing our nation and the world in the 21st century” The gist: how to meet growing energy demand without destroying our world’s resources = sustainable energy Three components: Research, Education, “Walking the Talk” (leading by example) An alignment of campus sustainability objectives with core academic mission – reprioritization of campus goals An alliance between our academy and our administration

9. MIT Energy Initiative: “Walking the Talk” Extending research and education impact by demonstrating sustainable energy practices on campus Leading and Educating by Example: MIT taking action to reduce campus greenhouse gas emissions through:  Making a commitment to reducing GHG emissions  Opening our campus as a learning laboratory  Investing in energy conservation  Increasing energy efficiency in campus energy production and use  Applying advanced energy technologies and management approaches  Embracing sustainable design in building and campus development  Creating campus-focused energy research and education opportunities  Applying innovative and entrepreneurial financial strategies to enhance campus energy performance and education opportunities Using greenhouse gas emissions as a metric of our progress

10. What has been MIT’s past response? Environmental Stewardship Initiatives with Operations EHS policy Environmental goals Co-Generation Energy conservation Cleaner vehicles Green building goals Transportation demand mgt Recycling

11. And going forward? Greenhouse gas emissions with Academy EHS policy Energy conservation Cleaner vehicles Green building goals Transportation demand mgt Recycling Co-Generation Environmental Goals

12. Green Buildings: Our Most Visible Commitment Offers a continuum of learning and progress Led to MIT LEED-based building standards  LEED Silver required for major projects  Improve design process Life cycle analysis Sustainable design consultants Integrated design process  Understand economics Incentives, short/long-term costs/benefits  Integrate green design in all aspects of our work

13. Simmons Hall Steven Holl Architects  Built before MIT LEED standards adopted  MIT begins to use sustainable design features Innovative ventilation/ dehumidification system to allow year-round usage without air conditioning Unique structural system integrates ventilation system, operable windows and solar shading Use of exposed concrete creates effective thermal barrier

14. Ray & Maria Stata Center Frank Gehry (Gehry Partners, LLP)  Design pre-dates MIT LEED standard  But led to establishing MIT LEED standards  Establishes growing expertise: LEED Silver certifiable Innovative storm water harvesting system: meets 50% of water needs Under floor air system Daylight in all interior spaces and natural ventilation White reflective roof and vegetated surfaces reduce heat island effects Demand controlled ventilation based on carbon monoxide sensing 70% construction waste recycled Challenges exist

15. Brain and Cognitive Science Complex Charles Correa Associates Largest neuroscience center in the world @ 411,000-sq-ft  Application in: first to fully apply for LEED Silver certification HVAC systems include heat recovery Extensive commissioning and metering planned RODI/rainwater collection for gray water recycling, low flow water fixtures, control of lab waste, storm water management Daylight controls on lighting system Low VOC materials used Demolition of Building 45 (96%)

16. East Campus/Sloan School Project Moore Ruble Yudell Architects & Planners True integrated design process: beyond Silver Whole Life Cost analysis Design will meet or exceed LEED–MIT Standard (Silver Plus) Exploring a wide range of integrated solutions green roofs recycling storm water runoff exterior envelope and low energy mechanical systems day lighting below grade parking with landscaped roof plaza etc.

17. NW35 Graduate Student Dorm William Rawn Associates 275,000 sq. ft. - 550 beds Designed for LEED Silver or better Solar thermal collectors to preheat domestic hot water for this and an adjacent residence hall Operable windows in all living units Ventilation air ducted into living units Heat recovery on air supply and exhaust Storm water harvesting for irrigation Computer controlled irrigation based upon campus weather station data Low flow bathroom fixtures Energy star appliances

18. Conclusions: Climate protection offers integrated approach for environmental stewardship – and metric for measuring progress Alignment with core education mission can boost priority New Green Building construction essential, but need to also focus on existing buildings – and energy demand Need to educate clients and donors to green options Compelling data out there, but skepticism remains on green features Must adjust appeal to different stakeholders:  Faculty: education  Students: engagement & action  Administration: $$ savings, leadership The most sustainable building is the one not built