1. 1 UNIT 4

2. 2 BREAK THE ICE Task I Listen to Jessica talking about her health. Fill in the blanks and check the boxes. 153 57 71        

3. 3 BREAK THE ICE Audio Transcripts: University life has been very busy, so I haven’t exercised since I started. When I weighed myself, I almost cried. I used to weigh 50 kilograms. Now, I weigh 57. I’m only 153 centimeters tall, so I need to lose weight. My waist size has gone from 64 centimeters to 71 centimeters in the last year. I’m also having trouble in school. I just can’t pay attention because I’m always tired. I have difficulty sleeping at night. I don’t know what the problem is, but nothing seems to motivate me. I guess I’m just depressed. When I went to see the school nurse, she wanted to know how many portions of fruit and vegetables I have a day. For the past three months, I’ve only eaten junk food. Luckily, I don’t smoke or drink alcohol, or my health would be even worse.

4. 4 1. Could you please turn down the TV? I need to ______________ my homework. 2. People watch 28 hours of television every week ______________. concentrate on / motivate / pressure / depression / on average / portion / daily / physical BREAK THE ICE Task II Use the words in the box to fill in the blanks. concentrate on on average

5. 5 3. Emma is very fit because she jogs ______________. 4. A big part of being a teacher is to ______________ students. BREAK THE ICE daily motivate Task II Use the words in the box to fill in the blanks. concentrate on / motivate / pressure / depression / on average / portion / daily / physical

6. 6 5. Teenagers are under a lot of ______________ to pass exams. 6. I like to play ______________ sports, like boxing and hockey. BREAK THE ICE pressure physical Task II Use the words in the box to fill in the blanks. concentrate on / motivate / pressure / depression / on average / portion / daily / physical

7. 7 7. John was hungry, so he ordered a bigger ______________. 8. Women experience ______________ nearly twice as often as men. BREAK THE ICE portion depression Task II Use the words in the box to fill in the blanks. concentrate on / motivate / pressure / depression / on average / portion / daily / physical

8. 8 DIALOGUE ZONE Open with default media player

9. 9 1.tight [ta6t] adj. These shoes are a bit tight. Do you have a bigger size? 2.calorie [`k1l4ri] n. Alice is trying to lose weight, so she’s making sure to eat fewer calories. 3.faint [fent] v. He is in bad shape, so he fainted after the race. KEY WORDS

10. 10 4.awful [`7f8l] adj. This pasta tastes awful. I can’t eat another bite. 5.motivation [~mot4`ve]4n] n. Marcy lost all motivation to win when she found out what the prize was. 6.accompany [4`k9mp4n6] v. My friend called me and asked if I would accompany him to the school dance on Friday night. KEY WORDS

11. 11 1. I’m really packing on the pounds. a. I’m getting fatter. b. I’m getting thinner. 2. You’re in good shape, Darla. a. You look fit. b. You’re good at making shapes. REVIEW A. Meanings in Context Choose the meaning of the sentence in the conversation.

12. 12 3. I am on a diet. a. I eat different kinds of food. b. I control what I eat. 4. I don’t feel up to running. a. I don’t feel well enough to run. b. I don’t like running uphill. REVIEW A. Meanings in Context Choose the meaning of the sentence in the conversation.

13. 13 5. You can help motivate me. a. You can teach me how to exercise. b. If you are there, it will encourage me. REVIEW A. Meanings in Context Choose the meaning of the sentence in the conversation.

14. 14 1. Why does Darla say she’s gaining weight? a. She weighs herself on a scale. b. She eats too much food. c. Her favorite dress is too small. d. She can’t stand up. REVIEW Circle the answers. B. Multiple Choice

15. 15 2. How is the diet making Darla feel? a. Darla feels full of energy. b. Darla feels motivated to exercise. c. Darla has been interested in swimming. d. Darla has been weak recently. REVIEW Circle the answers. B. Multiple Choice

16. 16 3. What does James suggest Darla eat? a. Only meat b. Vegetables and soup c. No bread or other carbohydrates d. Lots of protein REVIEW Circle the answers. B. Multiple Choice

17. 17 4. What kind of exercise will Darla do? a. Jogging b. Going for a swim c. Going hiking d. Any sport REVIEW Circle the answers. B. Multiple Choice

18. 18 USEFUL EXPRESSIONS

19. 19 1.Randall started __________ on the pounds after the restaurant opened. 2.Randall is trying to __________ weight. He wants to __________ a diet. 3.Donovan never __________ a diet. He is fit and has a(n) __________ body. 4.Randall is out of __________. If he doesn’t watch what he eats, he puts on __________. 5.Randall thinks __________ is harder than following a(n) __________. USEFUL EXPRESSIONS Complete the sentences with the words you hear. Some blanks have more than one word. packing lose go on keeps to amazing shape weight biking diet

20. 20 Audio Transcripts: Randall: You know, I’m packing on the pounds because of the new hot dog place next door. I think I need to lose weight. Maybe I should go on a diet. Donovan: I can never keep to a diet. Experts just tell you to cut down on delicious food and stay away from dessert. Diets are too much work. Randall: You’re in good shape though. How do you do it? Donovan: I have an amazing body. I just eat whatever I want. Randall: I’m jealous. I do that, and I just put on weight. I’m so out of shape. Donovan: I also bike 15 kilometers a day. Randall: Wow. That must be difficult. That seems harder than following a diet. Donovan: Yeah, but it’s my only way to get to work. I don’t have money for a car. I also don’t have a lot of money for food. USEFUL EXPRESSIONS

21. 21 USEFUL EXPRESSIONS

22. 22 Q1. What is Dennis’ job? Q2. How does Dennis feel? USEFUL EXPRESSIONS Listen to the audio and answer the questions. He finds roof problems. He feels dizzy when he stands. Q3. Who cared for Dennis while he was sick? His wife cared for him. Q4. When did Dennis first get sick? He started getting sick last week.

23. 23 Audio Transcripts: I’m so sick that I can’t go to work. I have a job as a roof inspector, and I feel dizzy whenever I stand up. How am I supposed to walk around on a rooftop like that? I need to be able to get out on the roof and look for problems, but I’m too dizzy to climb a ladder. It started last week when I was caught outside in a thunderstorm. I was coughing, and I had a fever after I came home. I wasn’t feeling strong enough to work, so I stayed home for a few days while my wife took care of me. The coughing and fever went away, and I thought I’d keep getting better, but I still don’t feel up to going back to my job. USEFUL EXPRESSIONS

24. 24 GRAMMAR SPOTLIGHT

25. 25 1. Whom did you talk to earlier?  → Jean asked me ________________________________. 2. Where did Gareth learn how to skate?  → I wonder _____________________________________. 3. How did he get the job?  → _____________________ is a mystery. where Gareth learned how to skate How he got the job whom you talked to earlier GRAMMAR SPOTLIGHT A. Rewrite the Sentences Complete the sentences using a noun clause.

26. 26 4. We don’t communicate well.  → Our problem is ________________________________. 5. Why is that woman standing outside?  → He is curious about _________________________________. 6. We need to take out the trash tomorrow.  → It is important __________________________________. (that) we don’t communicate well why that woman is standing outside (that) we take out the trash tomorrow GRAMMAR SPOTLIGHT A. Rewrite the Sentences Complete the sentences using a noun clause.

27. 27 GRAMMAR SPOTLIGHT B. Match Match the two parts.

28. 28 READING

29. 29 READING Does diet soda help you lose weight? Will eating before bed make you fat? Most people think they know the answers. There are, however, many myths about diet and exercise. Believing these myths can be bad for you. It might make your diet or exercise routine less effective.

30. 30 READING Will you gain weight if you eat late-night snacks? No. People think that if they eat before bed, their bodies won’t burn off those calories. In fact, it’s not important when you eat. Your body will always turn extra calories into fat.

31. 31 READING Is diet soda better than regular soda? The answer is yes. That doesn’t mean you can have diet drinks all the time. They are still unhealthy because you can develop diabetes from drinking them.

32. 32 READING Do vegetarians have more trouble building muscle? Most people would agree. After all, you need meat to become strong, right? Wrong! If you want to build muscle, you need protein. Beef, fish, and chicken all have protein. You can also get protein from cheese, nuts, and grain. Be careful. Protein is good, but too much can be harmful.

33. 33 READING Before going to the gym or starting a diet, do some research. The right information is as important as hard work.

34. 34 1.myth [m6q] n. An old myth suggests that waking sleepwalkers up might kill them. 2.routine [ru`tin] n. Swimming in the morning is part of my daily exercise routine. 3.burn off [b-n] [7f] phr. Take the kids out to play. They need to burn off some energy. KEY WORDS

35. 35 4.regular [`r5gj4l0] adj. Regular people don’t have enough money to stay in that hotel. 5.vegetarian [~v5d.4`t5ri4n] n. My younger sister is a vegetarian. She can’t stand the smell of meat. 6.harmful [`h3rmf4l] adj. The chemical waste from the factory is harmful to the environment. KEY WORDS

36. 36 1. Going jogging or working out is a good way to __________ calories. (remove or use) 2. Wear a mask when driving a scooter so you don’t breathe in all the __________ fumes. (hurts you) 3. You won’t get sick from being out in cold weather. It’s a(n) __________. (an untrue story) REVIEW A. Complete the Sentences Use the clues to fill in the blanks with the words from the reading. burn off harmful myth

37. 37 4. Jack has a lot of money, but he drives a small car and has a(n) __________ house. (normal or ordinary) 5. She prepared for the competition by practicing her __________ for several hours every day. (the things you usually do) 6. Because I am a(n) __________, I have to eat beans to get my protein. (someone who does not eat meat or seafood) REVIEW A. Complete the Sentences Use the clues to fill in the blanks with the words from the reading. regular routine vegetarian

38. 38 1. According to the writer, what does eating before bed do? a. It makes you fat. b. It helps you to sleep. c. It causes you to go crazy. d. It does nothing. REVIEW B. Multiple Choice Circle the answers.

39. 39 2. Why are diet drinks still unhealthy? a. They will burn off calories. b. They can give you diabetes. c. They have too much protein. d. They don’t let you build muscle. REVIEW B. Multiple Choice Circle the answers.

40. 40 3. Which of the following statements is true? a. All soda damages your health. b. Only normal soda is bad for you. c. Diet soda will make you lose weight. d. Don’t worry about how much diet soda you drink. REVIEW B. Multiple Choice Circle the answers.

41. 41 4. If you want to get stronger, it is helpful to eat... a. a lot. b. only meat. c. protein. d. salad. REVIEW B. Multiple Choice Circle the answers.

42. 42 WRITING Task I You are a trainer. Read the ad and think about how you can help Dan. Write some notes on the right.

43. 43 WRITING Reply to Dan’s ad (80-120 words). Include some of the words and phrases below. Task II Hi Dan, I’m Henry, and I’ve been a personal trainer for five years. I saw your ad, and I think I can help you. I will concentrate on nutrition to help you deal with your weight problem. You’ll need to go on a diet. It should be low in fat. I’ll also ask you to have small portions five times a day. What is your current weight? I’ll try to motivate you to get daily exercise. I will have you work out at home, and I’ll accompany you when you take a run in the park twice a week on average. What times are you free during the week? Do you have any other health problems? I hope this helps. When would you like to start? Yours, Henry

44. 44 The End