1. Public Attitudes Towards Abortion in Ireland

2. Research Background & Objectives /In May 2015, RED C and Amnesty undertook a piece of research to establish some benchmarks on public awareness and attitudes, in order for Amnesty to determine if and how they could move public awareness and attitudes to being more supportive of decriminalisation, and/or use these public attitudes to leverage political support. /An update of this research was conducted in February 2016, and the questions extended to fill further gaps of information such as awareness and attitudes towards Repealing the Eighth as well as the impact a person’s religion may or may not have on their attitude towards the subject. /Where possible, comparison to any back data has been included to show the change in opinions and attitudes.

3. Research Methodology /The research was conducted in February 2016, using RED C’s telephone omnibus survey, RED Express. This is the same methodology used for the May 2015 research. /1,004 adults aged 18+ were interviewed over the telephone between 1 st – 3 rd February 2016. /Quotas were set and data weighted to know profiles on age, gender, class and region to ensure that the sample is representative of the total Irish adult population. /In addition to this, RED Express uses a Random Digit Dial (RDD) method across landline and mobile to ensure that ex-directory households or those with no landline are included in the sample – ensuring maximum representation. /The margin of error on a sample size of 1,004 is +/- 3.1%. /Throughout, we have highlighted demographic information of interest, with the aim of helping to inform Amnesty International Ireland’s future plans and communications strategy. /Throughout the deck the following notations apply: HigherLower

4. To Be Included in Press Release Method RED C interviewed a random representative sample of 1,004 adults aged 18+ by phone between the 1 st – 3 rd February. A random digit dial (RDD) method of mobile and landline numbers was utilized in order to ensure a random selection of households to be included – this ensures all adults were eligible for selection including mobile only households and ex-directory households. Interviews were conducted across the country and the results weighted to the profile of all adults.

5. Who We Spoke To?

6. ABC1: 42% C2DE: 52% Social Class Rest of Leinster 26% Munster 28% Conn/ Ulster 18% Dublin 28% Region Age 18-24 25-34 10% 20% 35-44 45-54 54-65 21% 18% 17% 14% 65+ Gender 49% 51% Nationally Representative Sample Profile (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) Targets were set and data weighted to ensure a nationally representative sample was surveyed. F: 6% Same Sample Profile as May 2015

7. Levels of Support for Abortion in Ireland

8. Attitudes Allowing Abortion In Ireland (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) Opinion is split on the issue of abortion as to when it should be allowed. However what is clear is that there is almost universal support for the expansion of allowing abortion beyond the current legislation. Q.4Which of the following best describes how you feel personally about abortion in Ireland? (Q.4) % I am in favour of allowing all women access to abortion in Ireland as they choose I am in favour of allowing abortion in Ireland only where woman’s life is at risk, where there is diagnosis of fatal foetal abnormality, where the pregnancy is a result of rape or incest, or where the woman’s health is at risk I am in favour of allowing abortion in Ireland only where the women’s life is at risk or where there is a fatal foetal abnormality I am in favour of allowing abortion in Ireland only where the woman’s life is at risk I am opposed to allowing abortion in Ireland in all circumstances I don’t know/have no opinion/Refuse to answer 1% Of those opposed in all circumstances, 72% are NOT aware of the 14 year penalty

9. Attitudes Allowing Abortion In Ireland (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) Age is a clear divider on the issue of allowing abortion in Ireland on the extremes of the spectrum, but we can see consistency across age groups on the middle ground. Class also shows a divide as C2DE’s and Farmers are less likely to accept it in any case. Q.4Which of the following best describes how you feel personally about abortion in Ireland? (Q.4) TotalSexAge In favour of… Male Female 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ allowing all women access to abortion in Ireland as they choose 38%37%39%46%42%43%38%36%27% allowing abortion in Ireland only where woman’s life is at risk, where there is diagnosis of fatal foetal abnormality, where the pregnancy is a result of rape or incest, or where the woman’s health is at risk 42% 43%41%45%37%42%47%41% allowing abortion in Ireland only where the women’s life is at risk or where there is a fatal foetal abnormality 7% 6%2%7% 6%8% allowing abortion in Ireland only where the woman’s life is at risk 7%8%6%7%4%5%8%6%15% I am opposed to allowing abortion in Ireland in all circumstances 5%4%5%3%2%6%5%2%9% I don’t know/have no opinion/Refuse to answer 1% * - * -2% * Total ClassRegion14 Year Penalty ABC1 C2DE FDublinROLMunster Conn/ UlsterAware Not Aware I am in favour of allowing all women access to abortion in Ireland as they choose 38%44%35%28%46%32%40%33%46%37% I am in favour of allowing abortion in Ireland only where woman’s life is at risk, where there is diagnosis of fatal foetal abnormality, where the pregnancy is a result of rape or incest, or where the woman’s health is at risk 42%38%46%40%38%47%41%43%33%44% I am in favour of allowing abortion in Ireland only where the women’s life is at risk or where there is a fatal foetal abnormality 7%8%4%15%7% 8%4%8%6% I am in favour of allowing abortion in Ireland only where the woman’s life is at risk 7%6%8%6%4%6%7%15%3%8% I am opposed to allowing abortion in Ireland in all circumstances 5%3%6%9%5%7%4%3%8%4% I don’t know/have no opinion/Refuse to answer 1% 2%1% * -2% *

10. Understanding Of Various Issues With Abortion

11. Most Trusted Sources When Deciding Stand On Abortion (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) Medical processionals, and women who have had abortions are the most trusted sources of information when deciding on the subject of abortion. Anti-abortion groups and church leaders do not hold a high level of trust. Politicians are the least trusted source. 20 21 26 25 26 34 19 15 36 20 Medical professionals Women who have had abortions Human rights groups Amnesty International Women's rights groups Legal professionals Anti-abortion groups Church leaders Media outlets Politicians Do No Trust At All (1) (2)(3)(4) Trust Completely (5) Don’t Know * 1 1 6 1 2 2 1 1 * (Q.1) Q1.To what extent, if at all do you trust each of the following sources of information when deciding your position on abortion? Please use a scale of 1-5, where 1 is do not trust at all, and 5 is would trust completely.

12. Awareness Of Criminalisation For Abortion In Ireland (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) There is a significant gap in awareness of the penalty of having an abortion in Ireland – more than half believe it is not a criminal offence. Just over 1 in 3 believe there is a penalty – however only 1 in 7 correctly identified the penalty as 14 years in prison. (Q.2) Q.2Which of the following do you think is the criminal penalty for a woman found to have had an abortion in Ireland when her life is not at risk? May 2015 Feb 2016 Prison sentence of up to 14 years Prison sentence of up to 5 years Fine of up to €1,000 None - it is not a criminal offence Don't know % % 37% 36%

13. (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) AgeRegion 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Higher Social Grades: 50% Lower Social Grades: 57% Social Grade 55% Rest of Leinster 55% Munster 64% Conn/ Ulster 56% Dublin 47% Farmers: 75% Who Believes Abortion Is NOT A Criminal Offence, When Woman's Life Is Not At Risk Believe abortion is NOT a criminal offence 42% 49% 50% 62% 65% Gender 49% 62% (Q 2)

14. Understanding Of Various Issues With Abortion (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) Q.7The following are some statements that other people have made about the topic of abortion, including in cases of fatal foetal abnormality. Can you tell me whether or not you believe each of the following statements to be a true statement or a false statement? (Q.7) In cases of fatal foetal abnormality, the foetus could survive birth but will die soon after The only way in which the penalty of 14 years imprisonment for an unlawful abortion in Ireland can be removed, is if the 8th Amendment is removed from the Constitution The only way women can be allowed greater access to abortion in Ireland, including on grounds such as rape and fatal foetal abnormality, is if the 8th amendment is removed from the Constitution %% True False DK Who believes it’s FALSE Total24% Men27% 18-2433% Opposed to abortion31% True False DK True False DK Who believes it’s FALSE Total37% Men40% 18-24 25-34 35-44 41% 45% Farmers48% Opposed to abortion46% In favour only if life at risk44% In favour only if life at risk and FFA 47% Who believes it’s FALSE Total25% Men29% 18-24 35-44 33% 34% Farmer37% Opposed to abortion53% In favour only if life at risk 36% In favour only if life at risk and FFA 42%

15. Public Attitudes Towards Abortion in Ireland

16. Public Attitude Towards Abortion (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) Those agreeing that abortion classified as a crime adds to the distress of a woman has declined slightly – however a significant increase noted in those claiming that women have a human right to access abortion in Ireland – now 7 in 10 agreeing strongly. May 2015 Feb 2016 Q.3Can you tell me on a scale of 1 to 5 where 1 is disagree strongly and 5 is agree strongly, how much you agree or disagree that these statements are true. 87981289 %%%% 311*3132 (Q.3) Agree strongly Agree slightly Neither Disagree slightly Disagree strongly DK/Ref The fact that abortion is classified as a crime except when a woman's life is at risk adds to the distress of women who need an abortion The government should decriminalise abortion, which means removing the criminal penalty for women who have abortion in Ireland Under international human rights law, women have a human right to access abortion in Ireland where the pregnancy is a result of rape or incest, where their health is at risk or where there is a diagnosis of fatal foetal abnormality Travelling abroad for an abortion is NOT especially traumatic for a woman 7

17. (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) AgeRegion 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Higher Social Grades: 80% Lower Social Grades: 80% Social Grade 80% Rest of Leinster 82% Munster 84% Conn/ Ulster 71% Dublin 80% Farmers: 73% Public Attitudes Towards Abortion - I Believe under international human rights law, women have a human right to access abortion in Ireland where the pregnancy is a result of rape or incest, where their health is at risk or where there is a diagnosis of fatal foetal abnormality 79% 86% 84% 79% 78% 71% Gender 82% 78% (Q 2)

18. (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) AgeRegion 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Higher Social Grades: 79% Lower Social Grades: 66% Social Grade 71% Rest of Leinster 70% Munster 75% Conn/ Ulster 67% Dublin 71% Farmers: 64% Public Attitudes Towards Abortion - I Believe the government should decriminalise abortion, which means removing the criminal penalty for women who have abortion in Ireland 72% 74% 75% 70% 76% 61% Gender 72% 71% (Q 2)

19. (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) AgeRegion 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Higher Social Grades: 71% Lower Social Grades: 62% Social Grade 65% Rest of Leinster 72% Munster 59% Conn/ Ulster 62% Dublin 68% Farmers: 55% Public Attitudes Towards Abortion - I Believe that the fact that abortion is classified as a crime except when a woman's life is at risk adds to the distress of women who need an abortion 68% 66% 68% 65% 67% 57% Gender 68% 62% (Q 2)

20. (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) AgeRegion 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Higher Social Grades: 74% Lower Social Grades: 59% Social Grade 65% Rest of Leinster 62% Munster 64% Conn/ Ulster 62% Dublin 71% Farmers: 53% Public Attitudes Towards Abortion - I Believe travelling abroad for an abortion IS traumatic for a woman 63% 73% 70% 66% 56% 57% Gender 63% 67% (Q 2)

21. Public Attitudes Towards Abortion - II (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) Two thirds of all adults agree that we need to trust women when they say they need an abortion. It is also agreed by 6 in 10 that men do have a responsibility to be part of this topic. Q.5I would now like to read out some views that other people have on the topic of abortion in Ireland. For each statement I read out, I would like you to tell me how much you do or do not share this opinion. Please use a scale where 1 means you disagree strongly, and do not share this view at all, and 5 means you agree strongly and share this view completely. (Q.5) 1516 * 1 * Agree strongly Agree slightly Neither Disagree slightly Disagree strongly Don’t know I feel that I cannot speak freely about my views on abortion because I fear being verbally attacked % Men have a responsibility to be part of the discussion on women's right to access abortion % We need to trust women when they say they need an abortion %

22. (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) AgeRegion 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Higher Social Grades: 73% Lower Social Grades: 66% Social Grade 68% Rest of Leinster 67% Munster 70% Conn/ Ulster 64% Dublin 70% Farmers: 57% Public Attitudes Towards Abortion - II Believe we need to trust women when they say they need an abortion 70% 72% 68% 65% 62% Gender 67% 69% (Q.5)

23. (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) AgeRegion 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Higher Social Grades: 63% Lower Social Grades: 57% Social Grade 60% Rest of Leinster 63% Munster 58% Conn/ Ulster 61% Dublin 59% Farmers: 65% Public Attitudes Towards Abortion - II Believe men have a responsibility to be part of the discussion on women's right to access abortion 67% 61% 64% 61% 56% 52% Gender 65% 55% (Q.5)

24. (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) AgeRegion 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Higher Social Grades: 28% Lower Social Grades: 32% Social Grade 30% Rest of Leinster 33% Munster 27% Conn/ Ulster 34% Dublin 27% Farmers: 25% Public Attitudes Towards Abortion - II Believe they cannot speak freely about my views on abortion because they fear being verbally attacked 27% 25% 27% 37% 30% 33% Gender 28% 31% (Q.5) In favour as choose In favour in rape, life at risk, health risk or FFA In favour if life at risk or health risk or FFA In favour if life at risk Opposed in all circumstances

25. The 8 th Amendment

26. Attitudes Towards The 8 th Amendment (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) Close to 3 in 4 believe that there should be a referendum to allow people to vote on the removal or not of the 8 th Amendment. 6 in 10 claim they would vote yes – a slightly smaller proportion agree they would vote yes if restrictive legislation is in place. At the same time significant proportion of all adults feel they do not know enough about the 8th Amendment to make a decision on this. Q.6The 8th amendment was inserted in Ireland’s Constitution in 1983, providing for the right to life of the unborn with due regard to the equal right to life of the mother. On a scale of 1 to 5 where 1 is disagree strongly and 5 is agree strongly, how much do you agree or disagree with each of the following? (Q.6) 11161514 1411 Agree strongly Agree slightly Neither Disagree slightly Disagree strongly Don’t know I do not know enough about the 8th amendment to know how I would vote in a referendum and think the media should give better information on it % The Government should hold a referendum to allow people to vote on whether or not to remove the 8th amendment from the Constitution % I would vote yes in a referendum to remove the 8th amendment from the Constitution % I would vote yes to removing the 8th amendment from the Constitution only if there was legislation putting reasonable restrictions on access to abortion % 73% 59% 54% 52% 15% 21% 30% 33%

27. (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) AgeRegion 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Higher Social Grades: 78% Lower Social Grades: 69% Social Grade 73% Rest of Leinster 73% Munster 76% Conn/ Ulster 65% Dublin 75% Farmers: 67% Attitudes towards 8 th Amendment Believe the Government should hold a referendum to allow people to vote on whether or not to remove the 8th amendment from the Constitution 64% 78% 68% 71% 76% Gender 75% 71% (Q.6)

28. (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) AgeRegion 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Higher Social Grades: 67% Lower Social Grades: 55% Social Grade 59% Rest of Leinster 55% Munster 62% Conn/ Ulster 50% Dublin 67% Farmers: 45% Attitudes towards 8 th Amendment Believe they would vote yes in a referendum to remove the 8th amendment from the Constitution 45% 64% 60% 57% 63% 60% Gender 63% 56% (Q.6)

29. (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) AgeRegion 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Higher Social Grades: 51% Lower Social Grades: 56% Social Grade 54% Rest of Leinster 58% Munster 54% Conn/ Ulster 56% Dublin 49% Farmers: 55% Attitudes towards 8 th Amendment Believe they would vote yes to removing the 8th amendment from the Constitution only if there was legislation putting reasonable restrictions on access to abortion 51% 56% 53% 51% 56% 54% Gender 54% 53% (Q.6)

30. (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) AgeRegion 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Higher Social Grades: 44% Lower Social Grades: 57% Social Grade 52% Rest of Leinster 57% Munster 51% Conn/ Ulster 54% Dublin 47% Farmers: 63% Attitudes towards 8 th Amendment Believe they do not know enough about the 8th amendment to know how they would vote in a referendum and think the media should give better information on it 58% 52% 43% 50% 61% 54% Gender 51% 52% (Q.6)

31. Impact Of Religion On Abortion Views

32. Members Of Various Religions – If Consider Themselves Religious (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) The majority of those who consider themselves to be religious belong to the Roman Catholic faith. 1 in 4 don’t feel that they belong to one religion or another. Q.8If you consider yourself to be religious, what religion are you a member of, if any? (Q.8) Roman Catholic None/ I don’t belong to any religion Church of Ireland Other Christian Other Religion Atheist/agnostic

33. Potential Impact Of Religion On Abortion Views - I (Base: All Who Consider Themselves Religious; n=739) Among those who consider themselves religious, the majority agree their religious views should not imposed on others. 1 in 5 claim to have conflicted views on abortion because of their religion. Q.9 On a scale of 1 to 5 where 1 is disagree strongly and 5 is agree strongly, how much do you agree or disagree with the following statements regarding how your religion might influence your own views on abortion? (Q.9) 52210 12* Agree strongly Agree slightly Neither Disagree slightly Disagree strongly Don’t know All Consider themselves religious As a general principle, my religious views should apply to me and not be imposed on other people (n=739) % Looking at abortion from a human rights viewpoint is useful, because it balances my right to freedom of religion with the rights of women who decide to have abortions (n=739) % I have very conflicted views on abortion because of my religion (n=739) % 82% 12% 56% 20% 70%

34. (Base: All Who Consider Themselves Religious; n=739) Age Region 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Higher Social Grades: 87% Lower Social Grades: 80% Social Grade 82% Rest of Leinster 81% Munster 83% Conn/ Ulster 84% Dublin 80% Farmers: 68% Impact Of Religion On Views On Abortion - I Believe their religious views should apply to me and not be imposed on other people 74% 85% 81% 88% 80% Gender 77% 86% (Q.9) Roman Catholic Other Opposed to Abortion (n=37* Small base) 69% Religion

35. (Base: All Who Consider Themselves Religious; n=739) Age Region 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Higher Social Grades: 56% Lower Social Grades: 57% Social Grade 56% Rest of Leinster 49% Munster 60% Conn/ Ulster 56% Dublin 58% Farmers: 43% Impact Of Religion On Views On Abortion - I Believe looking at abortion from a human rights viewpoint is useful, because it balances right to freedom of religion with the rights of women who decide to have abortions 54% 63% 56% 52% 57% 52% Gender 52% 59% (Q.9) Roman Catholic Other 30% Religion Opposed to Abortion (n=37* Small base)

36. (Base: All Who Consider Themselves Religious; n=739) Age Region 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Higher Social Grades: 13% Lower Social Grades: 24% Social Grade 20% Rest of Leinster 22% Munster 20% Conn/ Ulster 12% Dublin 23% Farmers: 21% Impact Of Religion On Views On Abortion - I Have very conflicted views on abortion because of their religion 14% 15% 12% 20% 29% Gender 20% (Q.9) Roman Catholic Other 13% Religion Opposed to Abortion (n=37* Small base)

37. Potential Impact Of Religion On Abortion Views - II (Base: All Who Consider Themselves Religious and Support Abortion to Some Degree; n=697) Among those who are religious and are in favour of abortion to some degree, close to 1 in 3 hide their opinion for fear of what other people of the same religion would think. 1 in 3 claim they would be more likely to voice opinion if high profile religious people did so also. Q.9 On a scale of 1 to 5 where 1 is disagree strongly and 5 is agree strongly, how much do you agree or disagree with the following statements regarding how your religion might influence your own views on abortion? (Q.9) 10 15 11 Agree strongly Agree slightly Neither Disagree slightly Disagree strongly Don’t know I support abortion in some circumstances but hide it because of how people who share my religion would feel about me (n=697) % I would voice my support for greater access to abortion if high profile religious people publicly supported it too (n=697) % All Consider Themselves Religious And Favour Abortion To Some Degree

38. (Base: All Who Consider Themselves Religious and Support Abortion to Some Degree; n=697) Age Region 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Higher Social Grades: 21% Lower Social Grades: 32% Social Grade 28% Rest of Leinster 31% Munster 32% Conn/ Ulster 23% Dublin 22% Farmers: 30% Impact Of Religion On Views On Abortion - II Support abortion in some circumstances but hide it because of how people who share their religion would feel about them 19% 29% 24% 23% 38% Gender 26% 29% (Q.9) Roman Catholic Other Religion

39. (Base: All Who Consider Themselves Religious and Support Abortion to Some Degree; n=697) Age Region 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Higher Social Grades: 28% Lower Social Grades: 39% Social Grade 34% Rest of Leinster 36% Munster 39% Conn/ Ulster 28% Dublin 30% Farmers: 21% Impact Of Religion On Views On Abortion - II Would voice support for greater access to abortion if high profile religious people publicly supported it too 40% 31% 30% 28% 39% Gender 35% 33% (Q.9) Roman Catholic Other Religion

40. Summary

41. Key Findings & Summary - I /Overall, 87% are in favour of expanding abortion in Ireland beyond the current legislation. Where the debate arises is to what circumstances the law should extend to. However, for 38% of people, it should be allowed as a woman chooses. Only a tiny proportion, 5% are actually against abortion in all circumstances. /In terms of demographics, while not absolute, there are signs of splits across opinions. ABC1’s, 25-34 year olds and those in Dublin are potentially more positively disposed to extending the availability of abortion in Ireland, while C2DE’s, Farmers and those of an older age profile show greater concerns. Interestingly, there is little difference across opinions within gender. /The most trusted sources of information on the subject of abortion are medical processionals, and women who have had abortions. Anti-abortion groups and church leaders do not hold a high level of trust while Politicians are the least trusted source. /There appears to be a clear gap in awareness across many issues relating to this topic. A mere 14% are aware that having an abortion, when a woman's life is not is at risk, carries a 14 year jail term. In fact, more than half believe it is not a criminal offence at all. /This lack of awareness is further compounded as more than 1 in 3 disagree that the only way this penalty can be removed, is by removing the 8 th Amendment. /Further gaps in awareness present themselves with 1 in 4 believing Fatal Foetal Abnormality does not result in death shortly after birth.

42. Key Findings & Summary - II /A significant increase in agreement is noted that women have a right to access abortion in Ireland under International human rights law – now at 7 in 10 agreeing strongly (+10% from May 2015). /However, there is a slight decline in the proportion who believe that travelling abroad for an abortion adds to the distress of the women. /2 in 3 believe we need to trust women when they say they need an abortion and men's opinions are welcomed as 6 in 10 agree they need to be part of the discussion (significantly higher among men). /There remains some fear of expressing ones own views regarding abortion, with 3 in 10 fearing they would be verbally attacked – this is significantly higher among those who either oppose abortion entirely, or are only in favour when a women's life is at risk. /Religion plays some part in people’s views on abortion, however, it appears to be quite limited. 8 in 10 agree their religious views should not be imposed on other people. /However 1 in 5 agree that they have conflicted views on abortion because of their religion. /Just over 1 in 4 (28%) agree that they support abortion in some circumstances, but hide this because of how they might be viewed by others of the same religion. /Finally, 1 in 3 who support abortion in some circumstances agree that if high profile religious people publicly supported it also, they would be more inclined to voice their opinions.

44. Medical professionals (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) (Q.1) Medical professionals are more trusted by those who believe abortion should be available as a woman chooses, while those opposed are significantly less trusting. Total (1004) Opposed (47) In favour only if life at risk (75) In favour if life at risk/ abnormality (66) In favour if rape/ health risk/ abnormality (424) In favour as choice (386) Roman Catholic (678) Other (62) Non religious (265) Trust completely (5)36%23%28%24%34%43%35%29%38% 433%26%31%44%38%29%34%35%31% 320%27%31%17%18% 20%14%21% 26%13%8%9%5% 4%8% Do not trust at all (1)5%12%3%5%4%5% 18%2% Don't know*%---1%* --

45. Politicians (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) (Q.1) There is little trust in politicians by most demographics. Total (1004) Opposed (47) In favour only if life at risk (75) In favour if life at risk/ abnormality (66) In favour if rape/ health risk/ abnormality (424) In favour as choice (386) Roman Catholic (678) Other (62) Non religious (265) Trust completely (5)3%4%5%*3%4%3%6%3% 44%3%2% 5%3%4%- 320%12%14%23%20% 21%24%14% 226%25%27%33%28%23%25%28% Do not trust at all (1)47%57%52%40%44%49%45%39%51% Don't know*%---*1% 3%-

46. Church Leaders (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) (Q.1) Church leaders are more trusted by those opposed to abortion. Total (1004) Opposed (47) In favour only if life at risk (75) In favour if life at risk/ abnormality (66) In favour if rape/ health risk/ abnormality (424) In favour as choice (386) Roman Catholic (678) Other (62) Non religious (265) Trust completely (5)9%35%29%8%5%6%10%16%4% 47%9%6%9%8%5%9%6%1% 315%17%25%32%17%9%18%19%7% 217%5%15%23%19%15%18%16%13% Do not trust at all (1)52%35%26%28%49%65%44%39%74% Don't know1%--- * 5%-

47. Media Outlets (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) (Q.1) Media outlets are not widely trusted, however those opposed to abortion are particularly low in trust. Total (1004) Opposed (47) In favour only if life at risk (75) In favour if life at risk/ abnormality (66) In favour if rape/ health risk/ abnormality (424) In favour as choice (386) Roman Catholic (678) Other (62) Non religious (265) Trust completely (5)5%2%11%1%3%7%5%8%5% 49%7%3%5%10%11%8%15%10% 336%25%27%46%33%42%35%29%39% 223%16%22%20%28%20%24%10%25% Do not trust at all (1)26%50%36%27%25%21%26%38%21% Don't know1%--- * --

48. Women's Rights Groups (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) (Q.1) Women's rights group are trusted mainly by those who believe abortion should be available as a woman chooses, and significantly less among those opposed. Total (1004) Opposed (47) In favour only if life at risk (75) In favour if life at risk/ abnormality (66) In favour if rape/ health risk/ abnormality (424) In favour as choice (386) Roman Catholic (678) Other (62) Non religious (265) Trust completely (5)22%29%23%11%18%27%20%32%23% 425%14% 21%23%32%22%28%33% 326%18%22%30%29%25%28%19%24% 212%9%19%13%16%6%14%2%10% Do not trust at all (1)14%30%21%25%13%10%15% 9% Don't know1%---2%*1%5%*

49. Human Rights Groups (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) (Q.1) Human rights groups have polarised levels of trust among those opposed to abortion. Total (1004) Opposed (47) In favour only if life at risk (75) In favour if life at risk/ abnormality (66) In favour if rape/ health risk/ abnormality (424) In favour as choice (386) Roman Catholic (678) Other (62) Non religious (265) Trust completely (5)23%35%22%14%21%25%23%26%23% 426%12%26%25% 30%24%26%32% 326%21%14%25%31%25%26%28%26% 210%5%16%17%11%7%11%8% Do not trust at all (1)14%27%21%17%12% 15%12%10% Don't know1% 2% 1%* -

50. Amnesty International (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) (Q.1) Amnesty International shows very low levels of trust amongst those opposed to abortion, while those who are non-religious and believe it should be available as a woman chooses return high levels of trust. Significantly higher level of don’t knows than in the case of general human rights organisations. Total (1004) Opposed (47) In favour only if life at risk (75) In favour if life at risk/ abnormality (66) In favour if rape/ health risk/ abnormality (424) In favour as choice (386) Roman Catholic (678) Other (62) Non religious (265) Trust completely (5)19%9%19%13%16%25%19%16%22% 426%7%13%25%31%25% 20%29% 325%26%21%18%27%26%25%22%28% 210%12%10%17%9% 11%10%8% Do not trust at all (1)14%35%32%23%10% 15%24%9% Don't know6%11%5% 6%4%6%7%4%

51. Anti-Abortion Groups (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) (Q.1) Anti-abortion groups are more trusted by those opposed to abortion, however less so amongst those for abortion or non-religious. Total (1004) Opposed (47) In favour only if life at risk (75) In favour if life at risk/ abnormality (66) In favour if rape/ health risk/ abnormality (424) In favour as choice (386) Roman Catholic (678) Other (62) Non religious (265) Trust completely (5)10%36%30%12%7%6%12%11%6% 4 2%12%11%7%3%7%8%2% 319%6%20%28%22%16%22%11%14% 222%14%21%29%25%19%21% 25% Do not trust at all (1)41%39%18% 37%54%37%41%52% Don't know2%3%-1%2% 1%8%1%

52. Women Who Have Had Abortions (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) (Q.1) Women who have had abortions are less trusted by those oppose to abortion, while non-religious and those in favour see this group as very trustworthy. Total (1004) Opposed (47) In favour only if life at risk (75) In favour if life at risk/ abnormality (66) In favour if rape/ health risk/ abnormality (424) In favour as choice (386) Roman Catholic (678) Other (62) Non religious (265) Trust completely (5)37%23%29%15%29%52%35%38%42% 425%8%16%30%28%24%23%22%29% 321%39%25%32%25%13%21%19%21% 26%3%15%6%7%4%8%2%4% Do not trust at all (1)10%26%12%17%9%7%11%19%5% Don't know1% 2%1%2%1%2%-1%

53. Legal Professionals (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) (Q.1) Trust for legal professionals is strongest among those opposed to abortion. Total (1004) Opposed (47) In favour only if life at risk (75) In favour if life at risk/ abnormality (66) In favour if rape/ health risk/ abnormality (424) In favour as choice (386) Roman Catholic (678) Other (62) Non religious (265) Trust completely (5)14%9%10%8%14%17%13%19%14% 417%11%14%21%17%18%17%16%17% 334% 41%27%35%33% 22%38% 215%16%17%22%18%11%16%9%16% Do not trust at all (1)18%30%17%21%15%20%19%29%14% Don't know2%1%2%- *1%5%*

54. Perceived Penalty for Abortion in Ireland (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004) (Q.2) Mixed understanding of penalties of abortion. Those opposed to abortion are more likely to believe there is no penalty whatsoever, while those non- religious are more aware of the actual 14 year penalty. Total (1004) Opposed (47) In favour only if life at risk (75) In favour if life at risk/ abnormality (66) In favour if rape/ health risk/ abnormality (424) In favour as choice (386) Roman Catholic (678) Other (62) Non religious (265) Prison sentence of up to 14 years14%23%5%17%11%17%11%16%21% Prison sentence of up to 5 years 14%7%14%20%14%15%12%16%18% Fine of up to €1,000 9%11%16%11%10%6%10%12%5% None - it is not a criminal offence 55%43%55%40%58%57%60%48%47% Don't know 8%15%10%13%7%5%7%8%10% Aware that abortion carries a criminal penalty 37%42%35%48%34%38%34%44%43% Not aware that abortion carries a criminal penalty 63%58%65%52%66%62%66%56%57%

55. The fact that abortion is classified as a crime except when a woman's life is at risk adds to the distress of women who need an abortion (Q.3) Those opposed to abortion are significantly less likely to believe that it being a crime causes distress to the woman. Total (1004) Opposed (47) In favour only if life at risk (75) In favour if life at risk/ abnormality (66) In favour if rape/ health risk/ abnormality (424) In favour as choice (386) Roman Catholic (678) Other (62) Non religious (265) Agree strongly51%39%36%40%48%61%47%49%63% Agree slightly14%6% 18%20%9%16%12%11% Neither agree nor disagree12%20%22%30%13%6%14%7%9% Disagree slightly5%2%11%4%6%3%6%11%1% Disagree strongly17%32%22%8%13%20%17%22%15% Refused*-------* Don't know*1%2%1%-* -* (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004)

56. The government should decriminalise abortion, which means removing the criminal penalty for women who have abortion in Ireland (Q.3) Those opposed to abortion and Roman Catholics are least likely to agree that the government should decriminalise abortion. Total (1004) Opposed (47) In favour only if life at risk (75) In favour if life at risk/ abnormality (66) In favour if rape/ health risk/ abnormality (424) In favour as choice (386) Roman Catholic (678) Other (62) Non religious (265) Agree strongly61%43%39%29%52%82%56%50%75% Agree slightly11%1%7%17% 5%11%10% Neither agree nor disagree9%10%20%9%12%4%11%7%5% Disagree slightly7%2%11%22%8%3%8%11%3% Disagree strongly12%43%22% 10%6%13%22%6% Refused*--2%--*-* Don't know*1%2%-**1%-- (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004)

57. Under international human rights law, women have a human right to access abortion in Ireland where the pregnancy is a result of rape or incest (Q.3) Again, it is those opposed to abortion who are least likely to agree that women have a human right to access abortion in Ireland where the pregnancy is a result of rape or incest. Total (1004) Opposed (47) In favour only if life at risk (75) In favour if life at risk/ abnormality (66) In favour if rape/ health risk/ abnormality (424) In favour as choice (386) Roman Catholic (678) Other (62) Non religious (265) Agree strongly70%35%37%45%75%80%69%65%74% Agree slightly10%8%10%24%11%6%10%15%8% Neither agree nor disagree7%8%15%17%6%5%7% Disagree slightly3%1%11%*3%2%3%2% Disagree strongly9%46%25%11%4%7%10%11%8% Refused*--1%--*-* Don't know1%3%2%1%* - (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004)

58. Travelling abroad for an abortion is not especially traumatic for a woman (Q.3) Non-religious are more likely to believe that travelling abroad for an abortion is traumatic for women. Total (1004) Opposed (47) In favour only if life at risk (75) In favour if life at risk/ abnormality (66) In favour if rape/ health risk/ abnormality (424) In favour as choice (386) Roman Catholic (678) Other (62) Non religious (265) Agree strongly19%17%23%25%17%20%21%19%14% Agree slightly5%7%10%4%8%2%7%5%3% Neither agree nor disagree9%12%14%19%11%5%10%12%7% Disagree slightly9%3%11%12%10%8%9%11%9% Disagree strongly56%59%41%40%53%64%52%53%65% Refused*-------* Don't know1%2%*1%* - (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004)

59. Stance on Abortion (Q.4) Roman Catholics are least likely to support abortion as a woman chooses, while non-religious are more likely in favour. Total (1004) Roman Catholic (678) Other (62) Non religious (265) I am in favour of allowing all women access to abortion in Ireland as they choose 38%32%41%53% I am in favour of allowing abortion in Ireland only where woman's life is at risk, where there is diagnosis of fatal foetal abnormality, where the pregnancy is a result of rape or incest, or where the woman's health is at risk 42%47%33%32% I am in favour of allowing abortion in Ireland only where the woman's life is at risk 7%8%10%5% I am in favour of allowing abortion in Ireland only where the women's life is at risk or where there is a fatal foetal abnormality 7% 8%6% I am opposed to allowing abortion in Ireland in all circumstances 5% 8%4% I don't know/ have no opinion/ refuse to answer 1% * (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004)

60. I feel that I cannot speak freely about my views on abortion because I fear being verbally attacked (Q.5) Those opposed to abortion are more likely to agree that they cannot speak freely about their views on abortion because they fear being verbally attacked. Total (1004) Opposed (47) In favour only if life at risk (75) In favour if life at risk/ abnormality (66) In favour if rape/ health risk/ abnormality (424) In favour as choice (386) Roman Catholic (678) Other (62) Non religious (265) Agree strongly17%27%22%16%14%18% 17% Agree slightly13%7%20%18%14%10%13% 11% Neither agree nor disagree16% 11%20%15%16% 18%14% Disagree slightly12%7%10%12%13%12% 4%13% Disagree strongly42% 38%31%44% 41%47%44% Refused*--2%--*-* Don't know*--1%*-*-- (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004)

61. Men have a responsibility to be part of the discussion on women's right to access abortion (Q.5) There is relatively universal agreement that men have a responsibility to be part of the discussion on abortion – however those in favour as a woman chooses are a little less likely to agree. Total (1004) Opposed (47) In favour only if life at risk (75) In favour if life at risk/ abnormality (66) In favour if rape/ health risk/ abnormality (424) In favour as choice (386) Roman Catholic (678) Other (62) Non religious (265) Agree strongly40%48%53%41%40%37%42%34%38% Agree slightly19%18%16%18%23%17%19% 22% Neither agree nor disagree16%3%11%23%16%18%16%18%16% Disagree slightly8%7%8%4%8%9%7% 9% Disagree strongly16%22%10%12%13%20%16%22%15% Refused*--2%--*-* Don't know*3%2%-*-*-- (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004)

62. We need to trust women when they say they need an abortion (Q.5) Non-religious and those in favour are significantly more likely to believe we need to trust women when they say they need an abortion, while those opposed are significantly less likely. Total (1004) Opposed (47) In favour only if life at risk (75) In favour if life at risk/ abnormality (66) In favour if rape/ health risk/ abnormality (424) In favour as choice (386) Roman Catholic (678) Other (62) Non religious (265) Agree strongly51%41%22%16%38%78%47%53%62% Agree slightly17%5%23%19%21%12%17%13%17% Neither agree nor disagree15%4%13%27%22%6%16%15%11% Disagree slightly7%15%12%13%9%1%8%1%4% Disagree strongly10%34%28%23%9%3%11%18%5% Refused*-*2%--*-* Don't know*1%2%-*-*-- (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004)

63. I do not know enough about the 8th amendment to know how I would vote in a referendum and think the media should give better information on it (Q.6) Those at both extremes of the argument – both opposed and in favour in any situation, are least likely to believe the do not know enough. Total (1004) Opposed (47) In favour only if life at risk (75) In favour if life at risk/ abnormality (66) In favour if rape/ health risk/ abnormality (424) In favour as choice (386) Roman Catholic (678) Other (62) Non religious (265) Agree strongly36%40%51%31%38%32%39%33%28% Agree slightly16%7%21%18% 13%17%7%15% Neither agree nor disagree14%9%4%10%15%17%13%17%15% Disagree slightly11%3%5%10%12% 11%12%10% Disagree strongly22%36%20%29%16%26%18%26%31% Refused*--2%--*-* Don't know1%5%--1% 4%* (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004)

64. The Government should hold a referendum to allow people to vote on whether or not to remove the 8th amendment from the Constitution (Q.6) Again, clear divide in opinions on holding a referendum as those opposed and Roman Catholics disagree, while those in favour and non-religious agree. Total (1004) Opposed (47) In favour only if life at risk (75) In favour if life at risk/ abnormality (66) In favour if rape/ health risk/ abnormality (424) In favour as choice (386) Roman Catholic (678) Other (62) Non religious (265) Agree strongly58%47%48%39%52%71%54%52%67% Agree slightly15%12%14%25%17%12%15%17%15% Neither agree nor disagree11% 8%13%14%7%14%4%5% Disagree slightly5%2%*7%8%3%6%9%3% Disagree strongly10%26%25%14%8%6%10%14%9% Refused*--2%--*-* Don't know1%3%4%-2%1% 4%1% (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004)

65. I would vote yes in a referendum to remove the 8th amendment from the Constitution (Q.6) Roman Catholics are least likely to vote yes in a referendum to remove the 8 th Amendment. Total (1004) Opposed (47) In favour only if life at risk (75) In favour if life at risk/ abnormality (66) In favour if rape/ health risk/ abnormality (424) In favour as choice (386) Roman Catholic (678) Other (62) Non religious (265) Agree strongly48%24%20%19%37%73%43%45%61% Agree slightly11%10%9%10%15%8%12%4%11% Neither agree nor disagree16%5%12%21%22%11%18%14%12% Disagree slightly6%3%12%10%9%3%7% 3% Disagree strongly15%48%45%37%13%4%17%15%9% Refused1%3%-2%1%-*- Don't know3%6%3%2%3%2% 14%2% (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004)

66. I would vote yes to removing the 8th amendment from the Constitution only if there was legislation putting reasonable restrictions on access to abortion (Q.6) Those more likely to vote yes to removing the 8th amendment from the Constitution only if there was legislation putting restrictions are those in favour in instances of rape, health risk and FFA. While those in favour of abortion in any case, disagree strongly with this statement. Total (1004) Opposed (47) In favour only if life at risk (75) In favour if life at risk/ abnormality (66) In favour if rape/ health risk/ abnormality (424) In favour as choice (386) Roman Catholic (678) Other (62) Non religious (265) Agree strongly34%39%33%36%46%21%35% 30% Agree slightly20%11%15%26% 15%21%15%19% Neither agree nor disagree15%2%22%13% 17%16%4%13% Disagree slightly10%1%5%8%6%15%8%18%10% Disagree strongly20%46%26%15%8%32%18%20%27% Refused*--2%--*-* Don't know2%1%--2%1% 9%* (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004)

67. In cases of fatal foetal abnormality, the foetus could survive birth but will die soon after (Q.7) 7 in 10 agree that FFA means the foetus could survive birth but will die shortly after. Total (1004) Opposed (47) In favour only if life at risk (75) In favour if life at risk/ abnormality (66) In favour if rape/ health risk/ abnormality (424) In favour as choice (386) Roman Catholic (678) Other (62) Non religious (265) TRUE70%62%67%72% 70%71%65%71% FALSE24%31%26%20%22%25%24%31%21% Don't know6%8%7%8%5% 4%8% (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004)

68. The only way in which the penalty of 14 years imprisonment for an unlawful abortion in Ireland can be removed, is if the 8th Amendment is removed from the Constitution (Q.7) Those opposed to abortion are least likely to understand that the only way the penalty of 14 years imprisonment can be removed, is if the 8th Amendment is removed from the Constitution. Total (1004) Opposed (47) In favour only if life at risk (75) In favour if life at risk/ abnormality (66) In favour if rape/ health risk/ abnormality (424) In favour as choice (386) Roman Catholic (678) Other (62) Non religious (265) TRUE52%41%42%40%53%57%53%47%51% FALSE37%46%44%47%34%36% 40%39% Don't know11%13%14%13% 7%11%13%9% (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004)

69. The only way women can be allowed greater access to abortion in Ireland, including on grounds such as rape and fatal foetal abnormality, is if the 8th amendment is removed from the Constitution (Q.7) Those opposed to abortion are least likely to understand that the only way women can be allowed greater access to abortion, including on grounds such as rape and fatal foetal abnormality, is if the 8th amendment is removed from the Constitution. Total (1004) Opposed (47) In favour only if life at risk (75) In favour if life at risk/ abnormality (66) In favour if rape/ health risk/ abnormality (424) In favour as choice (386) Roman Catholic (678) Other (62) Non religious (265) TRUE68%60%56% 67%74%66%58%73% FALSE25%33%36%42%25%20%26%25%22% Don't know7% 8%2%8%6%7%17%5% (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004)

70. Religion (Q.7) Those who do not consider themselves religious are more likely to favour abortion as a woman chooses. Total (1004) Opposed (47) In favour only if life at risk (75) In favour if life at risk/ abnormality (66) In favour if rape/ health risk/ abnormality (424) In favour as choice (386) Roman Catholic67%68%75%70%75%57% Other Christian2%-3% 2% Church of Ireland2%---1%3% Muslim1%4%5%3%*- Protestant*2%*1%** Spiritualism*---1%- Russian or Eastern Orthodox*1%-- - Hindu*----1% Others*5%-*-* Atheist/agnostic2%1%- 2% None/I don't consider myself religious24%20%17%22%17%34% (Base: All Adults 18+; n=1,004)

71. As a general principle, my religious views should apply to me and not be imposed on other people (Q.9) Those opposed to abortion, or who consider themselves religious are less likely to agree that their religious views should apply only to them. Base – All Religious Total (739) Opposed (37*) In favour only if life at risk (62) In favour if life at risk/ abnormality (50) In favour if rape/ health risk/ abnormality (340) In favour as choice (245) Roman Catholic (678) Other (62) Agree strongly68%53%61%55%65%77%68%62% Agree slightly14%17%12%22%16%11%14%12% Neither agree nor disagree5%1%7%10%4% 5%- Disagree slightly2%6%7%1%2%1%2%3% Disagree strongly10%23%12%9%12%6%9%22% Refused*--2%--*- Don't know*-*1%*** (Base: All Adults who are religious - 739)

72. Looking at abortion from a human rights viewpoint is useful, because it balances my right to freedom of religion with the rights of women who decide to have abortions (Q.9) Those opposed to abortion, or who consider themselves religious are less likely to agree that looking at abortion from a human rights viewpoint is useful. Base – All Religious Total (739) Opposed (37*) In favour only if life at risk (62) In favour if life at risk/ abnormality (50) In favour if rape/ health risk/ abnormality (340) In favour as choice (245) Roman Catholic (678) Other (62) Agree strongly37%28%30%17%34%48%37%39% Agree slightly19%3%18%17%23%16%19%15% Neither agree nor disagree22%29%15%37%26%15%23%10% Disagree slightly6%5% 3%6% Disagree strongly14%27%33%24%9%12%13%22% Refused*1%-2%-1%*- Don't know2%8%-1%2% 1%9% (Base: All Adults who are religious - 739)

73. I have very conflicted views on abortion because of my religion (Q.9) Those in favour as you choose are more likely to disagree about having conflicted views on abortion. Base – All Religious Total (739) Opposed (37*) In favour only if life at risk (62) In favour if life at risk/ abnormality (50) In favour if rape/ health risk/ abnormality (340) In favour as choice (245) Roman Catholic (678) Other (62) Agree strongly14%13%21%9%11%16%14%15% Agree slightly6%-10%19%7%2%6%5% Neither agree nor disagree10%19%10%16%12%6%10%9% Disagree slightly12%9%8%18%14%9%12%11% Disagree strongly58% 51%37%56%67%58% Refused*--2%--*- Don't know*----1%-3% (Base: All Adults who are religious - 739)

74. I support abortion in some circumstances but hide it because of how people who share my religion would feel about me (Q.9) Those of faiths other than Roman Catholic agree that they support abortion in some circumstances but hide it because of how people who share their religion would feel about them. Base – All Religiousand support abortion to some degree Total (697) In favour only if life at risk (62) In favour if life at risk/ abnormality (50) In favour if rape/ health risk/ abnormality (340) In favour as choice (245) Roman Catholic (641) Other (57) Agree strongly16%15%9%15%18%15%26% Agree slightly12% 6%13%12%13%1% Neither agree nor disagree10% 7%11%9%10%9% Disagree slightly12%5%15%13%11%12%10% Disagree strongly49%58%61%47% 49%46% Refused*-2%--*- Don't know1%- 2%1%8% (Base: All Adults who are religious and favour abortion to some degree - 697) *Base too small to show those opposed

75. I would voice my support for greater access to abortion if high profile religious people publicly supported it too (Q.9) Those in favour of abortion as a woman chooses are significantly more likely to agree that they would voice support for greater access to abortion if high profile religious people publicly supported it too. Base – All Religiousand support abortion to some degree Total (697) In favour only if life at risk (62) In favour if life at risk/ abnormality (50) In favour if rape/ health risk/ abnormality (340) In favour as choice (245) Roman Catholic (641) Other (57) Agree strongly23%8%11%21%31%22%34% Agree slightly11%12%11% 12%4% Neither agree nor disagree15%13%24%16%14%16%8% Disagree slightly11%7%4%12% 11%10% Disagree strongly39%57%49%39%31%39% Refused*-2%-**- Don't know1%2%-1% 6% (Base: All Adults who are religious and favour abortion to some degree - 697) *Base too small to show those opposed