1. PubMed Overview From the main HINARI webpage, we can access PubMed by clicking on Search HINARI journal articles through PubMed (Medline). Note: If you do not properly sign on, you will not have access to full text articles from the HINARI/PubMed database.

2. PubMed Intro Page Welcome to the PubMed Homepage. This tutorial will look at the interface, display options, downloading and emailing results.

3. PubMed home page 2 Down the left-hand side of the PubMed homepage there are links to other PubMed resources including: Overview to PubMed, Help & Frequently Asked Questions, Tutorials and News items. Down the left-hand side of the PubMed homepage there are also links to other PubMed Services including: Journals Database, MeSH Database, Clinical Queries, LinkOut and Citation functions.

4. PubMed search box In this example we will enter a search for malaria infections in Africa into the Search or query box. To execute the query, click on the Go button. Malaria infections in Africa

5. Results - default display Results of the search malaria infections in africa are displayed in the main body of the page. Note the two additional tabs for Free full text and HINARI articles. These are MyNCBI searches that are included in all the HINARI/PubMed queries (see module 4.5). Of the 3223 articles, 1274 are available via the HINARI tab and 843 with Free full text tab ( there is some overlap).

6. Details page PubMed uses automatic term mapping. Details shows how the PubMed software breaks down the search statement. In this example PubMed searches for Malaria as a text word and a MeSH term because of the automatic term mapping. Africa and Infections are also searched as a text words and MeSH terms.

7. Display formats There are a number of different formats available to display results. From the drop down menu we can see the possible choices. When using PubMed we will use either Summary, Brief, Abstract, AbstractPlus, Citation, or Medline. The other formats are for different NCBI databases. We have selected Summary from the available options. To change the Display, click on one of the options in the drop down menu.

8. Summary format The Summary format displays the authors names, the title of the article, the title of the source publication with citation details, and the PubMed ID number. Records 1-20 out of 3223 are displayed on this screen.

9. Brief format 2 The Brief Display shows the name of the first author, part of the article title, and the PubMed ID number.

10. Abstract format – full text links The Abstract Display option will show any links to publishers websites which may have the full text available. In this example we have a link to Elsevier and next to this is the HINARI icon which identifies access rights for HINARI registered institutions.

11. AbstractPlus Example This is an example of the AbstractPlus Display. Note the relocation of the HINARI and Elsevier icons.

12. Number of records displayed There are a number of different options for displaying the number of references per page. These range from 5 to 500. It is advisable to download as many references per page as possible as this will save time when viewing results by eliminating the need to scroll through numerous pages. From the Show drop down menu, 200 has been selected to re-display. To change the Show number, click on one of the options in this menu.

13. Sorting options Results can be ordered alphabetically by Author or Journal title, or by publication date (the default). In this example, Journal has been selected from the drop down menu. To change the alphabetical order, click on one of the options in this menu.

14. Selecting references To select references from the results list, we need to check the box on the left side near the top of each record. This is required for the Send to Text, Print, Save or Email options.

15. Selecting references 2 From the results page, records 1-5 now have been selected.

16. Send to Text option 1 The results selected can now be formatted for print by selecting Send to Text from the drop down menu.

17. Send to Text option 2 This option presents a format for output to a printer.

18. Send to File 1 To download selected results to a hard drive, floppy disk, compact disk or flash drive, select Send to File from the drop down menu.

19. Send to File 2 Open the file in Notepad and give it a.txt file extension. Click on Save File.

20. Send to Email 1 To email selected results, choose Send to E-mail from the drop down menu.

21. Send to Email 2 From this screen, we can choose a format and sorting order, and add text notes. Type in an email address in the box provided. Then click on the Mail button. Note that we have selected the Abstract Format as HTML and Sorting by Pub Date.

22. Exercise 8-10 Complete exercise 8-10 on the worksheet.