1. Fending Off Challenges to Tort Caps & Government Immunities Kirk Mylander CIS General Counsel

2. The debate was about: How caps and immunities allow government to act in the public interest …Instead of forcing government to worry about losing program funds to large, uncapped claims

3. Now the debate is: How do we make every injured person whole? vs. Who pays?

4. The Highly Sympathetic Plaintiff  Very bad facts morph into very bad laws  Immunity cases: Social worker is killed by parolee, leaves young adult daughter and grandbaby behind (work comp immunity) –Woman breaks leg in waterfront park (recreational use immunity)  Tort cap cases: Both feature brain injuries to a child.

5. SLAIN MENTAL HEALTH WORKER ‘TOOK CARE OF PEOPLE WHO WERE STRUGGLING’ FAMILY OF MURDERED MENTAL HEALTH WORKER OUTRAGED THAT LAWS DON’T OFFER MORE PROTECTION ESTATE OF JENNIFER WARREN DESERVES THE RIGHT TO SEEK JUSTICE. ‘JENNIFER’S LAW’ WOULD ALLOW WRONGFUL DEATH SUITS IN OREGON AGAINST AGENCIES THAT CONTRACT WITH STATE. THE LOCAL NEWS Top Headlines

6. LEGISLATURE

7. Hearing at Legislature Hard data re: history of workplace deaths  Possibly attributable to government  Average claim costs  Loss to local government budgets Waving a baby around the room  Politicians love babies  Vote for a “Governmental immunity” or a baby?

8. TORT CAPS

9. Sympathetic plaintiff: Clark v. OHSU Child suffers brain injury during surgery Tensions:  Right to a jury trial (undisturbed verdict)  Right to a recovery (adequate or unfettered?)  Governments’ ability to forecast costs, provide stable services at stable rates

10. Local Government lobbied to raise caps: Provide “adequate” but not “unfettered”  Two separate sets of caps  State of Oregon / OHSU  Local Government New Caps include escalator clauses  Ratchet up for five years  Increase every year based on CPI

11. TORT CAPS

12. Reestablish a hard cap for all circumstances Maintain the flexible cap Strike down all the caps Possible Outcomes: (but find it does, or does not, apply in this case)

13. Local Government Allies Who are the allies of local government on Tort Cap and Immunities cases? 1.OHSU – State of Oregon 2.CIS – Pool of cities and counties* 3.Pool of Special Districts* 4.Pool of School Districts* 5.Public Universities* 6.Self-Insured Cities and Counties *Joined municipal risk pool amicus

14. What would happen in an uncapped environment?

15. An uncapped environment? We want the court to understand the legislature weighed the cost of providing unfettered remedies to plaintiff’s against the cost of providing stable government services to public.

16. Striking a Balance  Court should not remove the legislature’s considered decision on balancing public goods and public costs and replace the legislature’s decision with the court’s own judgment (sympathy for this specific plaintiff)  The Legislature sought to balance the one vs. the many. The court should not throw out that balancing when only looking at a case about a single individual

17. Tort Caps… or not CountyPopulationRetro/Agg or Per Occ Deductible Premium Coos (OR)62,890$97,608$137,920 Walla Walla (WA)59,100$50,000$369,104 Polk (OR)76,625$80,162$111,225 Chelan (WA)73,200$100,000$505,012

18. Tort Caps… or not CitiesPopulationLiability Premium Fairview (OR)9,153$43,127 Snohomish (WA)9,098$168,291 Junction City (OR)5,552$47,795 Ocean Shores (WA)5,569$110,851

19. “The Amicus Brief… projects future insurance premium increases for local public bodies. This information would be suitable for such a legislative forum. Amicus presumably attempts to show that affirming plaintiff’s constitutional rights in this case will lead inevitably to financially devastating outcomes for local public bodies. This is by no means clear. It is certainly beyond the scope of a court to test the validity of data, weigh options, or preempt policy choices the legislature may make in the future.” Exactly! And the Legislature’s past choices, too!

20. Conclusion: 1.Group together: strength in numbers 2.Share group data: strength in numbers 3.Demonstrate losing caps and immunities will result in unstable tax rates or unstable service levels – or both 4.Legislature’s role to weigh plaintiffs’ need for meaningful recovery vs. government’s ability to provide necessary services at predicable rates

22. CONTACT INFORMATION: Kirk Mylander, CIS General Counsel kmylander@cisoregon.org kmylander@cisoregon.org