2. 2 pt 3 pt 4 pt 5pt 1 pt 2 pt 3 pt 4 pt 5 pt 1 pt 2pt 3 pt 4pt 5 pt 1pt 2pt 3 pt 4 pt 5 pt 1 pt 2 pt 3 pt 4pt 5 pt 1pt Stormwater Water Quality Concerned Species Bay IssuesStewardship

3. When it rains, all of the land that drains into a particular stream or water body is called

4. What is a Watershed?

5. A surface that water can’t drain through, such as a parking lot or a roof, is called.....

6. What is an impervious surface?

7. The way the land is used ___________, has a direct effect on the water downstream.

8. What is Upstream?

9. Storm drains lead directly into..

10. What are creeks or streams? Never throw anything down a storm drain!

11. Businesses, farmers & even homeowners can help reduce run off by using _____ ______________ ______________.

12. What are Best Management Practices (BMPs)? Pooping in stream!  Fence needed! Ex: sediment retention ponds, silt fence, filter strips, rain gardens... These keep soil, oil vehicle fluids, pesticides, excess fertilizer and manure from running off land into water bodies.

13. Because they don’t move far, studying the abundance & diversity of snails, crustaceans, insects & worms is a good way to measure the health of streams & rivers. These bottom-dwelling organisms are called _____ _____________.

14. What are Benthic Macroinvertebrates?

15. Worms, crabs, fish and other invertebrates extract this gas from water flowing over their gills.

16. What is Dissolved Oxygen?

17. This pollutant is one of the largest contributors to the poor water quality in the Bay. Because the particles are so small, they’re carried long distances during storms.

18. What is Sediment? Cloudy water blocks the light reaching Bay grasses, thus young fish and crabs have no where to hide from predators.

19. Excess amounts of ___________and ___________, (plant nutrients) are the main cause of the Bay's poor health.

20. What are nitrogen and phosphate? During storms, these nutrients run off farmland from animal manure, from yards and golf courses where excess fertilizer has been applied and from waste water treatment plants.

21. Scientist study ____________ to determine the amount of algae present in the Bay.

22. What is Chlorophyll a? Algae make up the bottom of the food chain, supporting most aquatic animals. Too much nitrogen and phosphorus can cause algae blooms that block sunlight from reaching Bay grasses, reducing habitat for young fish & crabs. Dead algae sinks to the bottom, bacteria feed on it, using up DO necessary for other life underwater (anoxia).

23. This species is eaten by birds, bass, and crabs. It feeds on worms, mollusks and most anything it can find. Sadly, its population is shrinking. Daily Double

24. What are blue crabs?

25. These organisms provide food and shelter for many Bay creatures including fish, shellfish, and waterfowl.

26. What are Bay grasses? Also called Submerged Aquatic Vegetation ( SAV)

27. This organism is struggling to survive because of over fishing, poor water quality and dams blocking them from spawning upstream.

28. What is the American Shad? Keeping your watershed clean, helps the shad grow downstream!

29. Water quality is very important to these organisms that live on land but must return to water to reproduce.

30. What are Amphibians?

31. My parents didn’t teach me to migrate, so I’m staying here for the winter where there is plenty of grass to eat. Who am I?

32. What are Canada Geese?

33. What is the largest nutrient source that’s placed on the land in our watershed?

34. What is Manure?

35. Wastewater discharged from _________ _______________ __________ is the second largest source of nitrogen pollution in the Bay?

36. What are Sewage Treatment Plants? When~12 million of the 17 million residents of the Bay watershed flush their toilets, the wastewater goes to STPs, which discharge into the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries. More then 2/3 of these STPs don’t remove the nitrogen effectively.

37. 2008 State of the Bay Report Card What are the only two areas that improved?

38. What are Underwater Grasses and Resource Lands? Bay grasses need sunlight to survive. Algae blooms and sediment block the light. Due to a slowed economy, there was less building in 2007 and fewer people moving to the region. Even with slight improvement, the Bay still receives very bad grades!

39. The Chesapeake Bay watershed is home to over 17 million people and covers how many states?

40. What is... Six? Delaware, Maryland, New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia and West Virginia — and the entire District of Columbia.

41. _________ are transitional zones between land and water. They provide critical habitats for bird, amphibians, mammals and invertebrates and filter pollutants.

42. What are Wetlands? Stormwater runoff from urban and suburban lands, is the fastest-growing source of pollution to the Bay. Wetlands help filter pollutants and sediment from run off. Wetlands of any size are important habitats.

43. Planting ______ is one of the best ways to reduce the amount of stormwater running off your schoolyard.

44. What are Trees?

45. By adding nutrient rich compost to your lawn & garden, your soil will be healthier and you can eliminate the need for ____________.

46. What is Fertilizer? Fertilizer contains nitrogen and phosphorus which when used in excess, can run off into nearby streams and on to the Bay. Natural organic based slow –release are best. Adding organic material is better!

47. Before you apply any fertilizer to your lawn or garden, what should you do first?

48. What is.... Test Your Soil? You want to know exactly what nutrients are present before you considered adding more. VA Tech Cooperative Extension offers soil testing for the whole state.

49. A _________ garden is an area of land designed to retain stormwater and slowly release it to the groundwater.

50. What is a Rain Garden? Rain gardens allow stormwater from impervious surfaces to be absorbed. Pollutants like motor oil, antifreeze, fertilizer and sediment will soak into the ground and not flow into local streams.

51. Can a middle school student report an erosion & sediment control violation in Prince William County?

52. What is YES! The Pr. Wm. County Dept. of Public Works is happy to hear from all citizens. http:// www.pwconserve.org/whotocontact.html#cbrb