1. Need to know: ~ Wegener’s Theory – what started him thinking, what clues and evidence did he have? (puzzle fit, climate, rocks/mountains, fossils) ~ The theory Harry Hess put forth – What did he find? What other evidence added to the idea that the seafloor was spreading? (new crust formed at mid-ocean ridge – younger closer to ridge, older farther away; trenches & subduction zones; magnetic striping of seafloor) ~ The 4 basic layers of the Earth – physical nature of each (e.g. outer core is liquid, etc.; order of layers; relative sizes of layers) ~ Features associated with plate tectonics (Boundary types and related features such as trenches, ridges, etc.) ~ What drives plate motion ~ What causes earthquakes and where they occur within the Earth ~ Types of volcanoes; which are most dangerous; which are largest; differences in lava ~ Review Chapters 5 & 6 (pp. 132-189); Finish review handouts STUDY!

2. If you can answer these questions, you are good to go for the test…. ~ What are the 3 types of volcanoes? Which ones are the most dangerous? ~ How can a volcano be considered “constructive”? ~ What are the 4 basic layers of the Earth? How would you describe each layer? ~ How are the lithosphere and asthenosphere related? ~ What did Wegener suggest with his continental drift hypothesis? ~ What evidence did he have to support his claims? ~ What was the hypothesis put forth by Harry Hess? How did he describe this process and what evidence did he have to support it? ~ What is the relationship between convection currents and plate tectonics? ~ Where and how does Earth’s crust get recycled? ~ In general, where are the youngest rocks on Earth found? The oldest? Why? ~ What are the three boundary types? What is the motion at each type? ~ What features form from continental crust to continental crust collisions? From oceanic crust to continental crust? From oceanic crust to oceanic crust? ~ What causes earthquakes, and where in Earth’s layers do they occur?

3. Continental Drift (pg. 20) 1 – Continents 2 – Pangaea 3 – Africa 4 – Arctic 5 – Rock 6 – Seafloor spreading 7 – C 8 – A 9 – D 10 – B Theory of Plate Tectonics (pg. 21) 1 – B 2 – B 3 – B 4 – A 5 – A 6, 7, 8 – Volcanic islands, volcanic mountains, deep-sea trenches 9, 10 – Rift valleys, mid-ocean ridges 11 – Major earthquakes Plate Tectonics (pgs. 33-34) Section 1 – Continental Drift 1 – Pangaea 2 – continents a – Puzzle-like b – Fossils c – Arctic (or cold); warm (could say Africa or S. America) d – rock B – how, when Section 2 – Seafloor Spreading A – Sound (sonar) B – Seafloor Spreading 1 – crust 2 – plates 3 – magma C 1 – Younger 2 – magnetic Section 3 – Theory of Plate Tectonics A1 – crust 2 –plates 3 – lithosphere 4 – asthenosphere B1 – apart 2 – together a – dense b – magma 3a – mountain b – earthquakes 4 – transform C – engine D1 – rift 2 – volcanoes 3 – earthquakes E - movement Continental Drift (pg. 27) 1 – F 2 – E 3 – G 4 – B 5 – A 6 – C 7 – D 8 – Finding Glossopteris on several continents today meant those continents were all once connected. Couldn’t evolve independently and identically if separated. 9 – Couldn’t say how it all worked. Today, convection of heat from Earth’s core thought to be primary driver of plate movement.