1. An Introduction to ASME Standards Why they exist and how they are developed

2. Overview What is ASME? What is a standard? Why do we have standards? How are standards developed? How are standards used by an engineer?

3. What is the American Society of Mechanical Engineers?

4. ASME Mission Statement: To serve diverse global communities by advancing, disseminating and applying engineering knowledge for improving the quality of life; and communicating the excitement of engineering. Sectors: Technical Events and Content Public Affairs and Outreach Group Pathways and Support Student and Early Career Development Standards and Certification

5. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Organization started in 1880 by a small group of leading industrialists Has over 140,000 members in the society One of the worlds largest technical publishing operations

6. What is a Standard?

7. A set of technical definitions, instructions, rules, guidelines, or characteristics set forth to provide consistent and comparable results, including: - Items manufactured uniformly, providing for interchangeability - Tests and analyses conducted reliably, minimizing the uncertainty of the results - Facilities designed and constructed for safe operation

8. Why do we have Standards?

9. Safety Uniformity/Consistency Efficiency Commerce and Trade 9 Why do we have Standards?

10. Safety Sultana

11. Safety Grover Shoe Factory Disaster

12. After the Grover Shoe Factory, Massachusetts took the monumental step and established a 5 man Board of Boiler Rules. ASME formed the Boiler Code Committee in 1911. Published the first edition of the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC) in 1915 Today, BPVC is incorporated into laws in most states, US territories, and Canadian providences. Safety

13. HISTORY 13 1880 ASME founded to address issues with industrialization and mechanization 1884 Issues first standard, Code for the Conduct of Trials of Steam Boilers 1905 Standard for Proportions of Machine Screw Sizes 1914 First edition of the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code 1916 Safety Code for Cranes 1921 Safety Code for Elevators Timeline of Early ASME Standardization Milestones 1918 Founding member of American Engineering Standards Committee (later known as ANSI)

14. Uniformity/Consistency Standards ensure that various goods and systems are the same everywhere Bolt and Screw Sizes, threading Rail gauge Material composition Plumbing fittings Computer Fonts/Typesetting 14

15. Efficiency Use of standards reduces the time in developing proven technology Standards provide a common language for all stakeholders 15

16. Commerce and Trade Standards play a large role in trade Examples of Organization Developing Standards for Worldwide market include: ASME ASTM ISO Standards IEEE (Ideally) one universal standard, one universal test 16

17. How are Standards Developed?

18. Who Creates Standards? The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Central clearing house and coordinating body for Standards Development Organizations (SDO) Professional Societies - such as ASME, ASCE and SAE Trade associations - such as API and AGA Testing and certifying organizations - such as UL Organizations whose main business is standards development - such as ASTM, NFPA, and ISO

19. Different Types of Standards Voluntary Defacto Consortia Regulatory Other

20. How are Standards Developed in ASME?

21. How are Standards Developed? Standards are a “living document” that are constantly being developed and revised Developed using a series of checks and balances Written by volunteers Approved by a consensus process Follow procedures set by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

22. ASME standards actions are approved by consensus This means: There is substantial agreement by affected interest categories on the proposed action All views have been considered and attempts have been made to resolve any objections from the consensus body or any other source Unanimity is not required. For example, ASME’s accredited procedures require a 2/3 affirmative vote of the committee membership Voluntary Consensus Process

23. Openness Balance of Interest Due Process Key Principles of Consensus Process

24. From Concept to Publication Starts with engineering problem or new idea Research Formation of new committee if none in place Development Approval Publication

25. HISTORY 25 ASME Standards Today 500+ published standards (more recently, over 50 technical related non- standards publications) 5,000+ volunteer subject matter experts from over 50 countries 700 boards, standards developing committees and supporting subgroups 7,000+ certified companies (>50% non- U.S.) in 75 countries …by the numbers

26. Pressure Technology Requirements for pressure equipment including: Boilers Pressure Vessels Piping systems Piping components

27. Safety Safety requirements for: Elevators Escalators Moving walkways Cranes Man lifts Conveyors And others

28. Nuclear Requirements for nuclear components including: Containment Reactors Piping Pumps Heat exchangers Turbines

29. Standardization and Testing Requirements for many different things including Hand tools, fasteners, machine tools Dimensioning and tolerancing Performance test codes

30. Concentrated Solar Power Thermal Energy Storage Systems Fuel Cell Performance Testing Overall Plant Performance with Carbon Capture Nanotechnology Super Critical Pressure Technology Emerging Technologies

31. How do Standards Affect an Engineer?

32. How does the ASME Standard Affect an Engineer? Material Selection Design Requirements Fabrication Requirements Examination and Testing Requirements Quality Assurance 32

33. Material Selection Standards provide a list of allowable materials Provide maximum allowable stresses Users have choice 33

34. Design Requirements Standards provide minimum design requirements Ex. Section VIII-1 has a design margin on 3.5 34

35. Design Requirements Standards provide pertinent equations Examples: Design Pressure, Thickness, Bearing Loads, Moments Does not replace engineering judgement 35

36. Fabrication Requirements Material requirements i.e. cutting, grinding Tolerances i.e. Bolt spacing Attachment Welding Bolting 36

37. Examination and Testing Requirements Nondestructive examination Radiography, Ultrasound, Visual Destructive Testing Nondestructive Testing Leak Testing Hydrostatic Pneumatic 37

38. Quality Assurance Some standards require filling out a data report Most Standards allow the product have a specific marking to show conformance 38

39. ASME Conformity Assessment Process by which a product is shown to be in full compliance with a standard ASME accredits manufacturers who produce products compliant with their codes and standards There are over 9,000 ASME accreditation account holders worldwide ASME offers product certification for the following programs Boiler Nuclear NQA (Nuclear Quality Assurance) QSC (Quality System Certificate for nuclear material suppliers) BPE (Bioprocessing Equipment) AIA (Authorized Inspection Agency) 39

40. Summary Engineering Standards were developed to improve public safety, allow for uniform consistency of products, and help ensure fair and free commerce and trade ASME develops standards using an ANSI accredited voluntary consensus approach Standards help engineers by providing requirements for design, fabrication, materials, testing, and other areas

41. Questions?