1. POIWG#38 ARTE - Thermal Exchange Presenter: Valerio Di Tana (Argotec) valerio.ditana@argotec.it

2. July 2015 2 www.argotec.itCopyright © Argotec Srl 2015. All rights reserved Argotec – Activity Domains ISS Payloads System Engineering Mission Operations Software Products Engineering Services R&D Passive Thermal Technology Space Food Training & Simulations

3. July 2015 3 www.argotec.itCopyright © Argotec Srl 2015. All rights reserved From the beginning to the end

4. July 2015 4 www.argotec.itCopyright © Argotec Srl 2015. All rights reserved ISSpresso Objectives Provide Rich High Quality Italian Espresso that meets traditional Italian standards while adhering to ISS program safety requirements. –Espresso Coffee, normal (25-30 ml) and long (50-60 ml); –hot beverages (teas / herbal teas) based on soluble powders or grains; –other hot liquid food (i.e. consommé/broth). Improvement of the food menu aboard the ISS, increasing its nutritional properties and taste variety. Increase knowledge of fluid dynamics in microgravity (hot water and high pressure). Improved studies of foam behaviour in microgravity.

5. July 2015 5 www.argotec.itCopyright © Argotec Srl 2015. All rights reserved ISSpresso Overview and Ops

6. July 2015 6 www.argotec.itCopyright © Argotec Srl 2015. All rights reserved ISSpresso Outcomes Main scientific observations: Fluid mixture behaviour; Espresso Crema; Bubble Generation; Capillary Action.

7. July 2015 7 www.argotec.itCopyright © Argotec Srl 2015. All rights reserved The goal of Thermal Exchange is to test heat pipes in a microgravity environment to determine the best working fluid and to investigate the capillary action. Thermal Exchange Objectives Thermal Switches Heat Pipes Hot Block Insulator Hot Blocks Cold Blocks A secondary goal is to use the test results to validate the model used to simulate heat pipe behavior. A tertiary goal is to examine the effect a different axial groove shape on heat pipe operation.

8. July 2015 8 www.argotec.itCopyright © Argotec Srl 2015. All rights reserved 1.Different working fluids provide different heat pipe performances. 2.Axial Groove shape has an impact on heat pipe performance. Thermal Exchange Hypothesis WF1WF2WF3 Less toxic working chemicals can be used to provide heat pipe cooling in habitable volumes. A working model of the heat pipe and fluid behaviors can be used to explore further options.

9. July 2015 9 www.argotec.itCopyright © Argotec Srl 2015. All rights reserved Thermal Exchange Configuration Thermal Exchange hardware fits in a 0.5 CTB MSG cold plate Experiment cover Power connector Thermal Exchange container Electronics Structure TE hardware Budget Mass3.14 kg Size235.4 mm x 375 mm x 103 mm Power196 W (28 V DC x 7 A) TE power cable Length1.5 m GroundingDouble grounded

10. July 2015 10 www.argotec.itCopyright © Argotec Srl 2015. All rights reserved Thermal Exchange Interfaces and Ops 8 M6 threaded fasteners Mechanically interfaced with MSG Coldplate: Electrically interfaced with the WV MSG 28 VDC power connector: TE Power Connector Power Cable

11. July 2015 11 www.argotec.itCopyright © Argotec Srl 2015. All rights reserved Thermal Exchange Project Phases DESIGN AND ASSEMBLY The optimization of the numerical model, thus of the design, is done realizing a prototype that is tested. The test output is compared with the numerical results. TESTING Baseline data collection following the same Experiment Sequence Run that will be provided to the unit during flight operations LAUNCH INFLIGHT SESSION Setup Thermal Exchange in the Microgravity Science Glovebox and power on the electrical outlet. AFTER INFLIGHT SESSION Remove power, unplug from MSG. Downlink data on SD cards via SSC. RETURN POSTFLIGHT EXAMINATION OF TELEMETRY This can occur any time after the data on the SD cards is downlinked and provided to Argotec. POSTFLIGHT SESSION The Experiment Sequence Run is performed on the returned unit and the ouputs are compared both with the flight data and the baseline collected before the launch.

12. July 2015 12 www.argotec.itCopyright © Argotec Srl 2015. All rights reserved T1 Thermal Exchange Experiment Sequence Run

13. July 2015 13 www.argotec.itCopyright © Argotec Srl 2015. All rights reserved Finding the optimal combination of axial grooves and working fluid can improve performance and reduce toxicity. Reduced toxicity decreases complexity and cost for construction, operation, and maintenance. Expected results and how they will advance the field

14. July 2015 14 www.argotec.itCopyright © Argotec Srl 2015. All rights reserved The model used to simulate heat pipe performance can be used to find optimum combinations for ground based heat pipe systems (e.g. Wing deicing, solar collectors). The use of high performances capillary structures extends the device applicability; a working fluid with low toxicity makes the system safer and constitutes another ring in the green energy chain. Earth benefits/spin-off applications

15. July 2015 15 www.argotec.itCopyright © Argotec Srl 2015. All rights reserved Design is complete. Ground Model testing – in progress. Flight Model build – in progress. Qualification Test Campaign – planned for September. Marshall AIT – planned for October. Phase III Review – planned for November. Target Flight – SpX 9 ( ). Investigation status

16. POIWG#38 ARTE - Thermal Exchange Thanks for your attention! Presenter: Valerio Di Tana (Argotec) valerio.ditana@argotec.it