1. Context
Clues

2. Synonyms
Definition: words that have the same or nearly the same meaning
Examples: resolute-determined
joyous – glad
desist– stop
repast – meal

3. Example
Example: The story he told was credible. Nancy had no trouble believing him.
Synonym: _______________________

4. Antonyms/Contrast Clues
Definition: words that have an opposite meaning
Signal words: but however although not
still despite on the other hand
some…but others in contrast
Examples: small-large
foolish – wise smooth - rough
tired – rested clean - dirty

5. Contrast Clues
Here the water is shallow, but a few feet out it is quite deep.
Antonym:_______________________

6. Denotation Definition: the exact meaning from a dictionary
Example: The food is edible, so it is fit for humans to eat.
Denotation: _______________________

7. Example Clues
Definition: words or phrases that indicate to readers that an unfamiliar word is being restated in more familiar terms.
Signal words: for example such as in that
likewise especially

8. Example Clue
George likes to behave badly in class; for example, he yelled across the room to ask for a pencil.
Example:____________________________ __

9. Cause/Effect
Definitions: words or phrases that show how one word may be a reason for a result.
Words that show cause and effect are
because so that consequently
since therefore as a result
why for this reason determines
leads to effect cause

10. Cause and Effect
Example: He was so embarrassed by his wrong answers on the test that he answered the teacher’s questions timidly.
Cause:___________________________
Effect: ___________________________
Definition of timidly: _________________

11. Restatement Clues
Definition: words or phrases that give the same idea in a different way.
Signal words: in other words
that is
these

12. Restatement Clues Example: The veterinarian treated every animal
owner in an affable manner: in other words,
she was gentle and friendly with them.
Restated section:_________________________

13. Vocabulary
Week One (9/14-9/18)

14. Context
Definition: the circumstances that form the setting of an event
Sentence Example: When you do not know a word, use the context of the word to identify the definition; the surrounding text should help you.

15. Subjective
Definition: based on or influenced by a person’s feelings or point of view
Sentence Example: Analyzing literature can be subjective because people may have differing opinions about what a passage in a text means.

16. Objective Definition: not dependent on a person’s point of view
Sentence Example: News reporters often try to be objective: They leave their opinions out of their writing.

17. Perception
Definition: the way one understands the world through the senses
Sentence Example: Your perception of school may be different from your friend’s because you have had different experiences in your classes.

18. Discern Definition: to separate one thing from another
Sentence Example: Our senses, like sight and touch, help us discern what is real and what is not real.

19. Confirm Definition: to establish the truth or correctness of something
Sentence Example: The doctor’s office called to confirm your appointment for tomorrow afternoon.

20. Reality Definition: the quality of being true to life
Sentence Example: On the surface, the couple’s relationship looked perfect; however, in reality, the two had many disagreements.

21. Comprehend Definition: to grasp mentally; understand
Sentence Example: In order for me to comprehend the passage, I had to read it twice.

22. Concrete Definition: something specific or tangible
Sentence Example: They could not convict her without concrete evidence; the rumors were not enough.

23. Differentiate Definition: to distinguish between
Sentence Example: My mother often struggles to differentiate between my two brothers’ voices when she talks to them on the phone.

24. Evaluate Definition: to determine the worth of something
Sentence Example: Athletes are evaluated by their ability to stay physically fit.

25. Evidence
Definition: information that indicates whether something is true or valid
Sentence Example: If you want me to take your side in this debate, you must support your ideas with evidence.

26. Improbable Definition: not likely to happen or be true
Sentence Example: Snow in July is an improbable scenario.

27. Uncertainty Definition: inability to be sure
Sentence Example: The uncertainty of my test grade caused me to be nervous because I had not studied. 27

28. References