1. Reef Out of Balance - Human Impacts Click to view video “Predators Among Us” Click to view video “Oceans Face Mass Extinction” Click to view video “Oceana Problems and Solutions”

2. How has the reef changed over time? Maura can we use the Navigating change - shifting baselines stuff here (I was thinking just a simple comparison between NWHI and MHI for the kids to do)

3. What are some of the factors? Which of these factors are directly connected to humans activities? Overfishing Pollution from run-off Which of these factors are directly connected to humans activities? Overfishing Pollution from run-off These are the factors that we will focus on.

4. What is overfishing? Overfishing is when a body of water has been fished and depleted of its organisms, so much so that the ecosystem is thrown off balance. Article - Can Hawaii Save Their Reefs from Aquarium Collecting? Overfishing - Hawaii Star Advertiser Article Video - Overfishing in Our Oceans

5. How does overfishing affect the balance of the reef? When any particular species is removed from the ocean, the entire ecosystem shifts to rebalance its self. Overfishing changes relationships between predator/prey, and between competing organisms, which impacts the entire food web. Sometimes the changes are so great that the ecosystem has a difficult time recovering. When any particular species is removed from the ocean, the entire ecosystem shifts to rebalance its self. Overfishing changes relationships between predator/prey, and between competing organisms, which impacts the entire food web. Sometimes the changes are so great that the ecosystem has a difficult time recovering. Play the Sustainable Fish Stew Game

6. What is pollution from runoff? Pollution from runoff (nonpoint source pollution) is when rain or irrigation water, which is not absorbed by land, drains into the ocean carrying pollutants with it. These pollutants can be organic or inorganic. Pollution from runoff (nonpoint source pollution) is when rain or irrigation water, which is not absorbed by land, drains into the ocean carrying pollutants with it. These pollutants can be organic or inorganic. Which of these pollutants are organic and which are inorganic? Click for answer Trash Sediment Chemicals Bacteria Feces/fertilizers Yard waste Oil OrganicInorganic

7. Explore Pollutants from Runoff Article - Land-based Pollution Pictures of Marine Debris Click to view video “Plastic is Forever” Hawaii Department of Health -Article Click to play Kure Waste Chase Click to explore this interactive site - CoSEECoastalTrends

8. How does pollution from run-off impact the balance of the reef? Chemicals Sediment Oil Trash Bacteria Yard waste Feces/fertilizers Chemicals Sediment Oil Trash Bacteria Yard waste Feces/fertilizers  Covers the coral so they cannot get sunlight  Poisons the waters harming life in the reef  Fools the marine animals into thinking it is food  Causes algae to grow too quickly later changing the oxygen levels  Covers the coral so they cannot get sunlight  Poisons the waters harming life in the reef  Fools the marine animals into thinking it is food  Causes algae to grow too quickly later changing the oxygen levels Match the pollutant to its impact…

9. What can we do to help? Hawaii Storm Drain Project The Nature Conservancy Eco-Etiquette Hawaii’s Coral Reef Network There are many ways that one can help Hawaii’s coral reefs. Do a beach clean up - keep the ocean life from harm Plant a tree - help hold the sediment on land Swim/ snorkel with care - stepping on coral can kill them Use organic - less inorganic waste means less pollution Conserve water - less water means less runoff Speak up - share your knowledge or advocate for change Click here for more opportunities to helphere

10. Culminating Task Part 2 - Presentation CULMINATING TASK Part 2 Select a method for sharing your project: Brochure, PowerPoint, Video, etc. Click on the documents below for details –Project DescriptionProject Description –Project ChecklistProject Checklist –Opportunities to HelpOpportunities to Help CULMINATING TASK Part 2 Select a method for sharing your project: Brochure, PowerPoint, Video, etc. Click on the documents below for details –Project DescriptionProject Description –Project ChecklistProject Checklist –Opportunities to HelpOpportunities to Help