1. Earth Forces Volcanoes: Lesson 1 Earth Forces Volcanoes: Lesson 1

3. What are Volcanoes? Learning Outcomes: By the end of this section you will be able to: 1.Say what a volcano is and label a diagram of a volcano highlighting the main features. 2.Describe what happens when a volcano erupts. 3.Describe the difference between active, dormant extinct.

4. Memory Game  Working in groups you will each take turns to come up and look at a picture.  After looking at the picture for 20 seconds you will have 1 minute to go back and draw as much of it as you can.  You must not draw when it is not your turn, if you do a penalty will be enforced!  Working in groups you will each take turns to come up and look at a picture.  After looking at the picture for 20 seconds you will have 1 minute to go back and draw as much of it as you can.  You must not draw when it is not your turn, if you do a penalty will be enforced!

5. Task: Use the information on page 78 of the S1/S2 Geography book to complete the diagram of the Volcano.

6. Types of Volcanoes  http://www.geography- site.co.uk/pages/physical/earth/volcano es/comp.html http://www.geography- site.co.uk/pages/physical/earth/volcano es/comp.html  http://www.geography- site.co.uk/pages/physical/earth/volcano es/comp.html http://www.geography- site.co.uk/pages/physical/earth/volcano es/comp.html

7. Now stick the Volcano diagram into your jotter. Put the following labels on your diagram – crater, lava, volcanic bombs, main vent, secondary vent, magma chamber, steam, gas and dust, layers of ash and lava. Use the diagram on page 78 in the S1/S2 Geog books to help you.

8. What Happens when a volcano erupts? 1.Ash and bombs fall on the surrounding area. 2.Magma erupts out of the volcano. 3.Lava flows down the mountainside. 4.Pressure builds up in the magma chamber. 5.Gas and steam escape into the atmosphere. 6.Magma forces its way up the vent.

9. What Happens when a volcano erupts? 1.Pressure builds up in the magma chamber. 2.Magma forces its way up the vent. 3.Magma erupts out of the volcano. 4.Lava flows down the mountainside. 5.Ash and bombs fall on the surrounding area. 6.Gas and steam escape into the atmosphere.

10. Active, Dormant and Extinct  Active:  An active volcano is a volcano that has erupted recently or is likely to erupt soon.  Dormant:  A dormant volcano is a volcano that has not erupted in many years but could erupt again.  Extinct:  An extinct volcano is a volcano that has not erupted in over 10,000 years and will not erupt again.  Active:  An active volcano is a volcano that has erupted recently or is likely to erupt soon.  Dormant:  A dormant volcano is a volcano that has not erupted in many years but could erupt again.  Extinct:  An extinct volcano is a volcano that has not erupted in over 10,000 years and will not erupt again.

11. 5W’s  At your tables you are to become journalists who are flying towards a news story.  All you have been given is one picture and you must decide what questions you are going to ask when you get there.  They must be the 5W’s:  Who?  What?  Why?  When?  Where?  At your tables you are to become journalists who are flying towards a news story.  All you have been given is one picture and you must decide what questions you are going to ask when you get there.  They must be the 5W’s:  Who?  What?  Why?  When?  Where? Example: Who took the picture that I have been given?

12. They must be the 5W’s: Who? What? Why? When? Where?

13. 5 W’s part 2  In your groups you must discuss:  Your questions. Pick the 5 best questions from your group.  What makes a good question?  Why is it important to be able to ask good questions?  In your groups you must discuss:  Your questions. Pick the 5 best questions from your group.  What makes a good question?  Why is it important to be able to ask good questions?

14. Case Studies:  Mt St. Helens  The Icelandic Volcano  (See separate PowerPoint)  Mt St. Helens  The Icelandic Volcano  (See separate PowerPoint)

15. Where in the world?  http://www.absorblearning.com/media/i tem.action?quick=12o http://www.absorblearning.com/media/i tem.action?quick=12o  http://www.absorblearning.com/media/i tem.action?quick=12o http://www.absorblearning.com/media/i tem.action?quick=12o Extension task.

16.   Where are volcanoes found? This map shows where the main volcanic areas in the world are. Most of the worlds volcanoes are located around the edges of the Pacific Ocean. This is called the Pacific Ring of Fire There is a line of volcanoes in East Africa. This is called the African Rift Valley There is a line of volcanoes right up the middle of the Atlantic Ocean. This is called the Mid Atlantic Ridge.

17. The Ring of Fire.

18. Ring of Fire This picture shows the ring of fire. It is the boundary between the North American, Cocas, Nazca, Pacific, Philippine and Australian tectonic plates. 83% of volcanoes and earthquakes and 91% of serious and devastating volcanoes and earthquakes occur in the ring of fire.

19.   Where are volcanoes found? This map shows where the main volcanic areas in the world are. Most of the worlds volcanoes are located around the edges of the Pacific Ocean. This is called the Pacific Ring of Fire There is a line of volcanoes in East Africa. This is called the African Rift Valley There is a line of volcanoes right up the middle of the Atlantic Ocean. This is called the Mid Atlantic Ridge.

20. Where are volcanoes found? - Activities Stick the map showing the main Tectonic Plates in your jotter then complete the following tasks. 1. Highlight where you will find the Pacific Ring of Fire, the Mid Atlantic Ridge and the East African Rift Valley. 2. Label these areas A, B, C. 3. Neatly fill in the key below the map.