2. 1 Presents Health and Wellness Awareness for Firefighters

3. 2 Leading Causes of Fire Fighter Fatalities 1. Heart Attacks 2. Strokes 4.Vehicle Accidents 3. Trauma Health Related

4. 3 Our goal and the goal of every firefighter should be to reduce the number of firefighter deaths from heart attack, stroke and trauma. Our Goal

5. 4 The Number one killer of firefighters is Heart Attacks. Roughly 50 percent of all firefighter deaths are cause by a Cardiac Event. It is important to keep your heart in good condition by exercising, and eating right.

6. 5 In order to reach this Goal, we need your help.

7. 6 And just how physically fit are you? Firefighters answer the call every day Wearing heavy gear, carrying equipment, climbing... all very strenuous activities. Can your heart take the stress?

8. 7 It is all about being Healthy A few extra pounds makes the heart work harder Being a Firefighter places the heart under increased stress Stress increases Blood Pressure Leading to stroke.

9. 8  Firefighting is the one of the most physical demanding professions (8min.=8hrs.)  It requires high levels of cardio- respiratory endurance, muscular strength and muscular endurance.

10. 9 Everyone Goes Home!

11. 10 Fire Lieutenant 52 years old, suffers Sudden Cardiac Death After Responding to a Motor Lumberyard Fire– Owego,NY Firefighter First Grade 41 years old, suffers Sudden Cardiac Death at the Scene of a Structure Fire – Brooklyn, NY Fire Chief 56 years old, suffers Sudden Cardiac Death at Home after attempting to respond to an emergency call– Painted Post, NY New York FireFighter Deaths 2003

12. 11 Fire Police Captain 45 years old, suffers Sudden Cardiac Death After Responding to a Mutual Aid chimney fire – Brisben, NY Firefighter 42 years old, suffers Sudden Cardiac Death at the Scene of a Structure Fire – Sharon Springs, NY Fire Chief 54 years old, suffers Sudden Cardiac Death at Home after attempting to respond to a local fire at Nursing Home – Elsmere, NY In the year 2004, there were only 4 deaths and 3 were from heart attacks New York FireFighter Deaths 2004

13. 12 Fire Police Lieutenant 62 years old, suffers Sudden Cardiac Death after responding to 4 emergency calls – Webster, NY Firefighter Trainee 42 years old, suffers Sudden Cardiac Death while engaged in training – Montgomery, NY Assistant Fire Chief 59 years old, suffers Sudden Cardiac Death after exiting his vehicle in response to Residential fire– Rensselaer, NY New York FireFighter Deaths 2005

14. 13 Firefighter 55 years old, suffers Sudden Cardiac Death after responding to 3 emergency calls – Rockville Center, NY Lieutenant 48 years old, suffers Sudden Cardiac Death at his workplace after responding to several emergency calls – Wales Center, NY Lieutenant 54 years old, suffers Sudden Cardiac Death after exiting his vehicle in response to Residential fire– Woodmere, NY New York FireFighter Deaths 2005 (Continued) In 2005, a total of 14 New York firefighters died; 10 were from cardiac related events.

15. 14 Firefighter 62 years old, suffers Sudden Cardiac Death after responding to a multi vehicle accident – Lockport, NY Fire Police Captain 73 years old, suffers Sudden Cardiac Death in response to Hazardous Materials incident – Howells, NY Fire Chief 57 years old, suffers Sudden Cardiac Death at Home after participating in live smoke drills to respond to an emergency call– Horseheads, NY As of August 2006, 4 out of 7 firefighter deaths in 2006 were due to cardiac events. New York FireFighter Deaths 2006

16. 15 Deaths Volunteer Fire Fighter Suffers Cardiac Death the Morning After Emergency Medical Technician Training - North Carolina Airport Fire Fighter Suffers Sudden Cardiac Death While On Duty - South Carolina Volunteer Fire Fighter Suffers Cardiac Arrest While Battling a Structure Fire - New York

17. 16 Be Physically Fit and Exercise your Heart.

18. 17 Maintain a normal Body Weight. Eat Sensibly. Exercise.

19. 18 LODD Statistics 2004

20. 19 LODD Statistics 2004

21. 20 We all know that in order to keep our cars in good running order and to avoid costly repairs; we must perform routine maintenance.

22. 21 The same holds true for our Hearts

23. 22 The Heart must be in good physical condition

24. 23 This places a tremendous strain on your Heart. It is like trying to drive your car at 60 mph after sub zero temperatures

25. 24 Like a car; you must give time for your Heart to wake up. And like a car; the older you are – the more time it takes.

26. 25 The Facts OVER 50% OF THE FATALITIES RECORDED ANNUALLY ARE ATTRIBUTED TO MEDICAL EVENTS ASSOCIATED WITH HEART ATTACKS, STROKES OR OTHER SERIOUS ILLNESSES

27. 26 Of these deaths heart attacks were attributed to 61. The average age was 47 years. Most were known to have high-risk factors. More Facts

28. 27 What are the High Risk Factors? Smoking Overweight Lack of Exercise High Blood Pressure High Cholesterol Atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries )

29. 28 What Do These Professions Have in Common? Bakers Athletes Firefighters

30. 29 The Potential for...

31. 30 The Importance of the Rehabilitation Unit in Saving Lives

32. 31 Firefighting is Hot, Strenuous Work

33. 32 Firefighting is Hot, Strenuous Work Extremely high temperatures Little opportunity to cool our bodies through normal sweating Moderate to heavy work generates metabolic heat Bunker gear makes it difficult to dissipate this heat build-up - can result in heat stress Extremely high temperatures Little opportunity to cool our bodies through normal sweating Moderate to heavy work generates metabolic heat Bunker gear makes it difficult to dissipate this heat build-up - can result in heat stress

34. 33 Heat Stress Factors Air temperature Humidity Radiant heat Air movement Physical demands of work Clothing, material, construction and use Physical fitness and body composition Psychological/Perception Air temperature Humidity Radiant heat Air movement Physical demands of work Clothing, material, construction and use Physical fitness and body composition Psychological/Perception

35. 34 Benefits of Providing Rehabilitation Will protect firefighters’ health and safety Can maximize cumulative work times Provide better customer service Is the right thing to do Will protect department against potential liability

36. 35 Defining “REHAB” Rehab Is: An attempt to restore (a person) to normal physical functioning Efforts used to: –Ensure adequate hydration –Limit core temperature heating with “active cooling” –Provide rest –Sustain a Firefighter’s energy Rehab Is: An attempt to restore (a person) to normal physical functioning Efforts used to: –Ensure adequate hydration –Limit core temperature heating with “active cooling” –Provide rest –Sustain a Firefighter’s energy

37. 36 Maryland Parents Sue County Over Son’s Death During Firefighter Training Waybright’s parents suing for $1 million Training Officer alleged to be “an untrained leader, for failing to provide hydration, failure to carry basic first aid, and failure to inform recruits of the exercise session”. Failed to meet duty “to provide training exercises in a reasonable and safe manner such that they did not endanger the health of the recruits”.

38. 37 Firefighter Dies in Training Recruit firefighter Andrew Waybright collapsed during a training exercise in extreme heat Civilians stopped to help – offered to call 911 Were “shooed” away by Academy personnel and told recruit was “played out” Pronounced dead at hospital - temperature was 107.4°F

39. 38 Benefits of Providing Rehabilitation Will protect firefighters’ health and safety Can maximize cumulative work times Provide better customer service Is the right thing to do Will protect department against potential liability

40. 39 Controls to Minimize Heat Stress Fluid intake (hydration) Active cooling Rest/Work rotation Fluid intake (hydration) Active cooling Rest/Work rotation

41. 40 What We Do Now Pour Water on Neck Use Wet Towels Misting Fans Ice Packs

42. 41 The 6 R’s of Comprehensive Rehabilitation Rest Re-hydration Restoration/Active Cooling Rx/Medical Monitoring Refueling Relief

43. 42 Firefighting is Hot, Strenuous Work ♥Extremely high temperatures ♥Little opportunity to cool our bodies through normal sweating ♥Moderate to heavy work generates metabolic heat ♥Bunker gear makes it difficult to dissipate this heat build-up - can result in heat stress ♥Extremely high temperatures ♥Little opportunity to cool our bodies through normal sweating ♥Moderate to heavy work generates metabolic heat ♥Bunker gear makes it difficult to dissipate this heat build-up - can result in heat stress

44. 43 Heat Stress Factors Air temperature Humidity Radiant heat Air movement Physical demands of work Clothing, material, construction and use Physical fitness and body composition Psychological/Perception Air temperature Humidity Radiant heat Air movement Physical demands of work Clothing, material, construction and use Physical fitness and body composition Psychological/Perception

45. 44 Hydration Need to replace Water Sports drinks may be used when working for an hour or more –electrolytes –carbohydrates Helps maximize water and calorie absorption

46. 45 RX: Medical Monitoring Core Temperature Heart Rate Blood Pressure Pupils Conscious/alertness

47. 46 Passive Cooling Will not alleviate heat stress Core temperatures continue to rise following moderate or heavy work during a 30 minute rest even though heart rates continued to decrease Heart rate recovery and subjective feelings of comfort cannot be used to determine when it is safe to return to work Will not alleviate heat stress Core temperatures continue to rise following moderate or heavy work during a 30 minute rest even though heart rates continued to decrease Heart rate recovery and subjective feelings of comfort cannot be used to determine when it is safe to return to work

48. 47 The 6 R’s of Comprehensive Rehabilitation Rest Re-hydration Restoration/Active Cooling Rx/Medical Monitoring Refueling Relief

49. 48 Refuelling People need to eat Rehab should include food for refueling when required Avoid simple sugars Avoid complex carbohydrates Aim for balanced snack (power bars) People need to eat Rehab should include food for refueling when required Avoid simple sugars Avoid complex carbohydrates Aim for balanced snack (power bars)

50. 49 Relief from Extreme Climatic Conditions Heat Sunlight Humidity Rain/Snow Wind Cold Heat Sunlight Humidity Rain/Snow Wind Cold

51. 50 Sergeant Suffers Sudden Cardiac Death During Training - Kentucky Fire Chief Suffers Sudden Cardiac Death While Returning to the Fire Station After a Structure Fire – Georgia Deaths Continued

52. 51 Heat Stress and Fatigue NFPA requires that a Rehabilitation Unit be set up at each fire incident and multiple units be set up whenever necessary

53. 52

54. 53 Physical Fitness The Number One Killer….. …..Only YOU can change it!!! The Number One Killer….. …..Only YOU can change it!!!

55. 54 Becoming heart-healthy means you can better serve those who depend on you – your family, friends and community.

56. 55 Before Mark Cox began his workout program, he described himself as "Most Likely to Have a Heart Attack on Scene." Mark was not one for moderation, especially when it came to eating, drinking and smoking cigarettes. In 2000, at the urging of his wife, Mark purchased a treadmill. "We bought one and the rest is history. Once I started it I was hooked." In the 4 ½ years since Mark started running, he has stopped drinking and smoking and has lost around 50 lbs. Mark has also started competing in local races and marathons, such as the New York City Marathon last November, where he was finisher 26,124. It also provides an opportunity for him to meet other firefighters and runners who are motivated to reach their fitness goals, like he was. Mark is working on building a fitness center at his firehouse, and has even started finding equipment and building supplies to finish the room. He is looking forward to becoming a driving force in his department to help his friends and fellow firefighters become more physically fit, and to have a more positive outlook. "By providing the example of what is possible with motivation to get this project done, the quality of life of my brother and sister firefighters will be increased." Success Stories: Mark Cox

57. 56 In August of 2004, Jeff Brause returned to work after two months off the job and several hours of rehab needed because of a heart attack he suffered earlier in the year. He began the Fired Up For Fitness Challenge to stay motivated to work out and eat healthier. After his heart attack, Jeff knew how important it was to stay in shape and he's continued to maintain his healthy lifestyle. "Because of this, I feel stronger and better than I did before my heart attack." He's also encouraged some of the other members of his department to watch their diets and start an exercise program as well. Success Stories: Jeff Brause

58. 57 When Michael Bitney joined his local volunteer fire department three years ago, he didn't realize how out of shape he was. "Initially, my breathing was very labored and I'd go through a bottle of air in no time flat. Guys in our department would tease me about how quickly I used my air." After reading articles and statistics on firefighter line-of-duty deaths and learning that many were caused by heart attacks due to poor physical condition and the extreme demands of firefighting, Michael knew he needed to start working to get healthy. Weighing in at almost 220 lbs., Michael's goals were to lose the combined weight of his turnout gear and air pack (approximately 50 lbs.), to increase his muscle strength and cardiovascular fitness, and most importantly, not to become another statistic. "I figured my family, the guys on our department, and the rural communities we serve deserved better than what I could physically bring to the table. I didn't want to join the list of fallen firefighters who died of heart failure when I can do something about it ahead of time." Michael now watches what he eats, works out at the gym 3-5 times a week and hikes in the hills around his home, often with his family and their dogs. His new lifestyle has paid off; to date, he has lost 25 lbs. and he is still working hard to reach his goal. "I feel better, I look better, and I am hopeful that the NVFC Heart-Healthy Firefighter program will help motivate me to finish my journey to better health, better living, enjoying life, and serving our communities through the fire service." Success Stories: Michael Bitney

59. 58 Goals of Each Firefighter Firefighter deaths are at an unacceptable level. We can work to change that. Identify risks and work to reduce them. Train Strive to improve your fitness level.

60. 59 Physical Fitness Cardiovascular disease is the number one killer! Exercise 30 minutes a day. Assess your own weaknesses and work to improve them. Diet plays a part. Stay hydrated. Support / encourage each others fitness goals.

61. 60 Be Physically Fit to do the job safely

62. 61 Eat Healthy and Survive Eat a well balanced meal with plenty of fiber. Avoid foods that have high levels of cholesterol. Avoid consuming large quantities of alcoholic beverages. Do not smoke

63. 62

64. 63 Don’t do as the Romans Did!!! Do not over eat, drink, or be too merry for your heart will let you know. And remember the Roman Gladiators did perform physical exercise on a daily basis and were in top shape.

65. 64 Come Home Safe For Them

66. 65 Arrive Home Safe