1. LABORATORIO Phylum Arthropoda Subphylum Hexapoda

2. Phylum Arthropoda Subphylum Chelicerata Subphylum Myriapoda
Subphylum Crustacea
Class Malacostraca
Order Decapoda
Order Amphipoda
Subphylum Chelicerata
Class Branchiopoda
Class Merostomata
Order Anostraca
Order Cladocera
Class Pycnogonida
Class Maxillopoda
Class Arachnida
Order Ostracoda
Order Amblypygi
Order Copepoda
Order Cirripedia
Order Scorpiones
Order Pseudoscorpionida
Subphylum Hexapoda
Order Acari
Class Insecta
Order Solifugae
Order Isoptera
Order Uropygi
Order Orthoptera
Order Opiliones
Order Blatoddea
Order Diptera
Order Araneae
Order Coleoptera
Order Collembola
Order Odonata
Order Mantodea
Subphylum Myriapoda
Order Hemiptera
Order Lepidoptera
Class Diplopoda
Order Himenoptera
Order Phasmatida
Class Chilopoda
Order Siphonaptera
Order Phthiraptera

3. Subphylum Hexapoda
This is the most diverse taxa of Arthropoda ~1.1 million described species including bees, beetles, mayflies, stoneflies, cicadas, grasshoppers, among many other
Key characteristics of the subphlym:
Three pairs of walking legs
One pair of antennae
Body typically divided into 3 tagmata: head, thorax, abdomen
Most have wings
Trachea (respiration)
Malphigian tubules (excretion)
Direct (hemimetabolous; with adult-like nymphs) or indirect (holometabolous, with distinct larval stage) development
Some are social

4. Clase Insecta, Order Orthoptera

5. Class Insecta, Order Orthoptera
Grasshoppers & crickets
Hind legs elongated for jumping
Forewings leathery
Chewing mouthparts (herbivores)
Males frequently stridulate (produce sound)
Tympanic membranes (hearing) present
Hemimetabolous- incomplete or partial metamorphosis

6. O. Orthoptera -Phylum: Arthropoda Subphylum Hexapoda
Class Insecta, Order Orthoptera
Grasshoppers
External Anatomy
Describe the differences between the two pairs of wings (appearance & function).
How does the tympanic membrane help a grasshopper?

8. O. Orthoptera Phylum: Arthropoda Subphylum Hexapoda
Clase Insecta, Order Orthoptera
Grasshoppers
Internal Anatomy

9. Difference between a grasshopper and a cricket
Crickets
Grasshoppers
stridulate ("sing") by rubbing their wings together
stridulate by rubbing their long hind legs against their wings
detect sound by means of little 'ears' are on the front legs
detect sound by means of little 'ears' at the base of their abdomen
crepuscular
tend to be out and about during the day.
tend to have long antennae,
have short antennae.

10. O. Blatoddea Roaches Dorso-ventrally flattened
Forewings leathery (or wings absent)
Chewing mouthparts
Pair of cerci at end of abdomen
Hemimetabolous- incomplete or partial metamorphosis
Whistling roaches!
Did you know that males of hissing roaches whistle at females to get them interested in mating?

11. O. Isoptera http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xGaT0B__2DM Termites
Specialized for eating cellulose
All are eusocial; live in colonies
Multiple castes, typically with reproductives, soldiers, workers
Alates (new reproductives) have 2 pairs of long membranous wings
All other castes are wingless, soft-bodied and usually pale colored
Eyes poorly developed
Hemimetabolous

12. O. Isoptera

13. O. Diptera Hind wings absent (reduced to club-like halteres)
Sucking or sponging mouthparts
Mobile head with large eyes
Holometabolous: larval types include maggots
The other pair of wings is reduced to club-like structures known as 'halteres - See more at:
halteres

14. O. Diptera
1. Observe lamina en su cajita con ciclo de vida de Drosophila

15. O. Coleoptera
Beetles
Forewings hardened into elytra that cover abdomen & form seam along body midline
General chewing mouthparts
Largest order; >350,000 species
Holometabolous: larvae are often grubs
Did you know that this is the most diverse group of hexapods? Coleoptera species richness is the result of having coevolved with flowering plants.
Coleoptera contains more species than any other order, constituting almost 25% of all known life-forms

16. O. Coleoptera
Alytron = elitrono

17. O. Collembola Springtails Furcula: abdominal jumping appendage
Small size, <6 mm
Mouthparts are internal
Taxonomic Note: Commonly placed in a separate class of Hexapods, the Entognatha
Watch this cool video!

18. O. Collembola
1. Observe lamina de collembola

19. O. Odonata Dragonflies & damselflies Do not fold wings flat over body
Large mandibles and eyes
Hemimetabolous: nymphs are aquatic (called naiads)

20. O. Odonata
1. Observe la anatomia en material preservado

21. O. Mantodea Nature’s perfect predator! Mantids
Large raptorial forelegs
Triangular heads with large eyes
Leathery forewings cover hindwings at rest
Ambush predators
Hemimetabolous
Nature’s perfect predator!

22. O. Mantodea
1. Mantis ver material preservado

23. O. Hemiptera 1. True bugs look for the cycle of the
True Bugs, hoppers, aphids, etc.
Sucking beak tucked underneath body
Base of forewings often leathery
Hemimetabolous

24. O. Lepidoptera Butterflies & moths Wings broad, covered in scales
Coiled, sucking mouthparts
Holometabolous: larvae are caterpillars
Mariposas y polillas
Alas anchas, cubiertas de escamas
Espiral, piezas bucales chupadores
Holometabolous: larvas son orugas

25. O. Lepidoptera

26. O. Himenoptera Bees, wasps, ants Hindwings reduced, hook to forewing
Ovipositer modified for piercing, stinging
Typically have narrow "waist"
Holometabolous

27. O. Himenoptera

28. O. Phasmatida
Body shape variable but most are elongate and cylindrical or flattened and resemble sticks, leaves or grass
2 pairs of wings although some species are wingless
Wings when present consist of short, hardened forewings which form a protective cover over part of the larger membranous hind wings
Antennae are filiform and may be either short or long
Phasmid nymphs usually resemble adults but lack wings.
Like many of their relatives, Phasmatidae are capable of regenerating limbs and commonly reproduce by parthenogenesis. Despite their bizarre, even threatening appearance, they are harmless to humans.

29. O. Siphonaptera Common name: fleas Meaning of name: tube wings
Habitat: literally live everywhere, even Antarctica; due to being carried there by hosts
Characteristics: have 3 pairs of legs (their hind legs are modified to where they can jump); a hard exoskeleton; sharp mouthparts to bite; and a row of spines known as a genal comb
Development: go through complete metamorphosis.

30. O. Siphonaptera

31. O. Phthiraptera
Common Characteristics: parasitic; wingless; flat-bodied; eyeless or small eyed; small insects with tarsi having one or two claws.
Development: incomplete metamorphosis
Collecting methods: using a fine-toothed comb on animals with lice

32. O. Phthiraptera