1. College of Engineering Changing the Face of Engineering: Emerging Opportunities Leah Jamieson John A. Edwardson Dean of Engineering 2007 President & CEO, IEEE

2. Purdue Engineering A Grand Challenge for Engineering Education ›Two opportunities: – A changing view of what it will take to be an engineer in the 21st century – An opportunity to change the message Who will become an engineer?

3. Purdue Engineering Workforce: Diversity Source: Eng. Workforce Commission/NSF % women % minority Total Enrolled Women and Minorities (US)

4. Purdue Engineering US High School Students’ Interest ›11th-grade PSAT takers ›Interest in Engineering Career - Fall 2002 – Girls1% – Boys11% ›Interest in Engineering Major - Fall 2004 – Girls2% – Boys16%

5. Purdue Engineering Opportunity #1: The Future of Engineering Education ›The world is changing. Will engineering graduates have the attributes and skills they will need for careers that will span the next 40 years?

6. Purdue Engineering Drivers for Change ›New technologies, multidisciplinary technologies ›Rate of technological change ›Globalization ›Workforce issues – Declining interest among US students: high school students’ interest down 18% since 1991 – Slow progress on diversity – Job trends: eng’g students working in other fields – Offshoring

7. Purdue Engineering Calls to Action ›National Academy of Engineering Studies: – The Engineer of 2020: Visions of Engineering in the New Century – Educating the Engineer of 2020: Adapting Engineering Education to the New Century – Rising Above the Gathering Storm ›Innovate America

8. Purdue Engineering The Engineer of 2020 ›Technological Context – Breakthrough technologies: biotechnology, nanotechnology, materials science and photonics, information and communications technology, information explosion, logistics – Technological challenges: urban physical infrastructure, information and communications infrastructure, environment, technology for an aging population Accelerating rate of technological change, interdisciplinary solutions, understanding complexity, systems perspective

9. Purdue Engineering The Engineer of 2020 ›Societal, Global, and Professional Contexts – Population: By 2020, 8 billion people, mostly in urban centers; changing workforce demographics – Accelerating global economy – “Customerization”: made-to-order products & environments – Health and healthcare delivery – Security – Increasing convergence of engineering and public policy – Public understanding of engineering Positions engineering in a broad global, societal context

10. Purdue Engineering Attributes of NAE’s Engineer of 2020 ›Analytical skills ›Practical ingenuity ›Creativity ›Communication & teamwork skills ›Business & management skills ›High ethical standards ›Professionalism ›Leadership, including bridging public policy and technology ›Dynamism/agility/resilience/flexibility ›Lifelong learners

11. Vision: Purdue Engineers will be prepared for leadership roles in responding to the global technological, economic, and societal challenges of the 21st century. Strategy: We will provide educational experiences that develop students’ knowledge areas, abilities, and qualities to enable them to identify needs and construct effective solutions in an economically, socially, and culturally relevant manner. science & math engineering fundamentals analytical skills open-ended design & problem solving skills multidisciplinarity within and beyond engineering integration of analytical, problem solving, and design skills Knowledge Areas innovative strong work ethic ethically responsible in a global, social, intellectual, and technological context adaptable in a changing environment entrepreneurial and intrapreneurial curious and persistent continuous learners Qualities The Three Pillars of the Purdue Engineering Undergraduate Education Purdue’s Future Engineer Abilities leadership teamwork communication decision-making recognize & manage change work effectively in diverse & multicultural environments work effectively in the global engineering profession synthesize engineering, business, and societal perspectives Abilities

12. science & math engineering fundamentals analytical skills open-ended design & problem solving skills multidisciplinarity within and beyond engineering integration of analytical, problem solving, & design skills Knowledge Areas innovative strong work ethic ethically responsible in a global, social, intellectual, & technological context adaptable in a changing environment entrepreneurial and intrapreneurial curious and persistent continuous learners TraitsAbilities leadership teamwork communication decision-making recognize & manage change work effectively in diverse & multicultural environments work effectively in the global engineering profession synthesize engineering, business, and societal perspectives Attributes for the 21st Century Key: ABET a-k Beyond ABET

13. 1994 Purdue ME Alumni Survey, 1-5 Years Out 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 1.002.003.004.00 Expectations Unmet Expectations Exceeded 1d 1c 1a 1b 2d 1e & 2c 2a & 2b 3d 3c Data not available for 3b 3a 1f Ranking of Effectiveness Ranking of Importance 1a. Knowledge in ME 1b. Math Modeling 1c. Exp/Data Analysis 1d. Computer Tools 1e. Mfg/Stats 1f. Open Design 2a. Technical Comm. 2b. Teamwork 2c. Business Practices 2d. Lifelong Learning 3a. Professionalism/Ethics 3b. Work Ethic 3c. Global/Societal Context 3d. World Affairs/Culture What’s Important? 1994

14. 2000 Purdue ME Alumni Survey, 1 and 5 Years Out 1a. Knowledge in ME 1b. Math Modeling 1c. Exp/Data Analysis 1d. Computer Tools 1e. Mfg/Stats 1f. Open Design 2a. Technical Comm. 2b. Teamwork 2c. Business Practices 2d. Lifelong Learning 3a. Professionalism/Ethics 3b. Work Ethic 3c. Global/Societal Context 3d. World Affairs/Culture 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 1.002.003.004.00 Expectations Unmet Expectations Exceeded 1e 1d 1f 1c 1a 1b 2d 2c 2b 2a 3d 3c 3b 3a Ranking of Effectiveness Ranking of Importance What’s Important? 2000

15. Purdue Engineering Engineering Education Reform ›How will we teach / how will they learn all that is needed for 21st century careers? – 1990s: Boeing Attributes of an Engineer: critical thinking, systems perspective, … – ABET a-k: communication, teamwork, professional/ethical standards, lifelong learning, global/economic/environmental/societal issues, … – The Engineer of 2020: ingenuity, creativity, business, leadership, flexibility, … – Technical depth and breadth

16. Purdue Engineering Opportunity #2: An Initiative to Change the Message ›Both nationally and globally, interest in engineering is changing. Who will become an engineer?

17. Purdue Engineering Improving the Public Understanding of Engineering ›Over $400M spent each year on engineering outreach - with what results? ›US National Academy of Engineering (NAE) initiative – Funded by the US National Science Foundation – Conducted by BBMG market research firm ›Long-term goals – Greater public understanding of engineering, leading to … Greater public awareness of engineering More diverse, better prepared students in the engineering pipeline Greater technology literacy among the public Greater appreciation for engineering among decision-makers and policy-makers http://www.nae.edu/engineeringmessages

18. Purdue Engineering Public Perceptions of Engineering AAES/Harris Polls, 2003 EngineersScientists Creates economic growth69%25% Would make a strong leader56%32% Cares about the community37%51% Save lives14%82% Sensitive to societal concerns28%61% Protects the environment17%71% Improves the quality of life22%71%

19. Purdue Engineering NAE Project Research Methodology ›Communications Audit – Review of previous research and communications materials ›In-Depth Interviews – Interviews with a cross-section of 12 educators, opinion leaders, and engineers. ›Focus Groups – 4 focus groups with youth ages 12-15 and 16-19 in Raleigh, NC, and Phoenix, AZ, and one group with parents of young people ages 9-19 in Raleigh. ›Youth Triads – 4 sets, with three children ages 9-11 in each group, 45 minutes to 1 hour each. ›Online Survey – Online survey with 1,234 people living in the US, including 666 adults and interviews with 568 teens, ages 14-17; ~4% sampling error

20. For the following examples of engineering, please indicate how appealing it is. How well does it create interest for you in engineering? (Respondents answering “very appealing”) Machines that allow blind people to see60%48% Building cars that run on alternative fuels5851 Protecting the water supply5437 Wind power4829 Protecting the rainforest4740 Creating more advanced M.R.I. machines to diagnose health problems4732 Solar energy4734 Making cars safer4331 Using D.N.A. evidence to solve crimes4243 Reducing air pollution4033 Making homes safer4027 Space exploration40%45% Smart traffic solutions3828 Turning deserts into farmland3725 Missile defense systems3730 D.N.A. testing34 Designing the world's fastest plane3431 Making smaller, faster computer34 Growing organs for transplants3235 Developing new foods2425 High-definition television2028 Designing video games1938 iPod1334 Adults Teens Appeal of Engineering: Examples

21. Appeal of Engineering: Teens by Gender Machines that allow blind people to see48%47% Building cars that run on alternative fuels5148 Protecting the water supply3739 Wind power2927 Protecting the rainforest4045 Creating more advanced M.R.I. machines to diagnose health problems3235 Solar energy3435 Making cars safer31 Using D.N.A. evidence to solve crimes4350 Reducing air pollution3338 Making homes safer2729 Space exploration45%35% Smart traffic solutions2821 Turning deserts into farmland2518 Missile defense systems3019 D.N.A. testing3436 Designing the world's fastest plane3120 Making smaller, faster computer3426 Growing organs for transplants3533 Developing new foods2521 High-definition television2821 Designing video games3829 iPod3436 Boys Girls

22. Purdue Engineering Misaligned Messages ›Career motivators for girls – Rewarding – Enjoyable – Flexible – Make a difference, give back to society – Profession must be for someone “like me” ›Messages they hear – Have to love math and science – Challenging, but if you work hard you can do it

23. Purdue Engineering Changing the Message ›Tested messages and taglines include: – Engineers make a world of difference – Engineers are creative problem solvers – Engineers connect science to the real world – Turning ideas into reality (E-Week) – Because dreams need doing ›What happens next? – Converge on key messages by audience – Reposition engineering to talk about making a difference – Engage professional societies, industry, and universities to deliver the message 

24. Realizing the Opportunities Change the message: Because dreams need doing Teach ABET a-k Educate the Engineer of 2020 Change the focus: Engineering makes a difference in the world Become truly global

25. Purdue Engineering Realizing the Opportunities: Some Proposed Solutions ›NAE’s Educating the Engineer of 2020 – “The B.S. degree should be considered as a preengineering or ‘engineer-in-training’ degree” – “Engineering programs should be accredited at both the B.S. and M.S. levels, so that the M.S. degree can be recognized as the engineering ‘professional’ degree” Teach ABET a-k Educate the Engineer of 2020

26. Purdue Engineering Realizing the Opportunities: Some Proposed Solutions ›NAE’s Educating the Engineer of 2020 – “The B.S. degree should be considered as a preengineering or ‘engineer-in-training’ degree” – “Engineering programs should be accredited at both the B.S. and M.S. levels, so that the M.S. degree can be recognized as the engineering ‘professional’ degree” ›Turn the curriculum inside-out – 20th century: Engineering science at the core – 21st century: Engineering experience at the core, engineering science as it supports design

27. Purdue Engineering Designing Curricula Around Engineering Experience ›Experiential education – Co-op and internships – Service learning, EPICS – Entrepreneurship activities – Undergraduate research – Study abroad ›Problem posers as well as problem solvers ›Science and engineering fundamentals, analysis, and tools in the context of full-cycle design ›Efficiencies through integration of the curriculum ›Teamwork, communication, leadership, innovation, resourcefulness, ethics, professionalism, flexibility Design Process Traditional Course

28. Purdue Engineering Designing Curricula Around Engineering Experience ›Experiential education – Co-op and internships – Service learning, EPICS – Entrepreneurship activities – Undergraduate research – Study abroad ›Problem posers as well as problem solvers ›Science and engineering fundamentals, analysis, and tools in the context of full-cycle design ›Efficiencies through integration of the curriculum ›Teamwork, communication, leadership, innovation, resourcefulness, ethics, professionalism, flexibility Design Process Traditional Course

29. Purdue Engineering An Opportunity for Change: Service Learning ›Research in science education suggests that context is important to women students ›Harris and NAE surveys highlight the disconnect between social relevance and perceptions of engineering

30. Purdue Engineering An Opportunity for Change: Service Learning ›Engineering Projects in Community Service (EPICS): – Founded at Purdue in 1995; now 28 teams, 400+ students – EPICS programs at 18 universities worldwide – High-school EPICS programs being created in Indiana, California, Massachusetts, and New York – Academic credit for long-term team-based projects in partnership with community organizations

31. Purdue Engineering An Opportunity for Change: Service Learning ›EPICS 5-year data – 33% of EPICS students were women – 20% of Purdue ECE & ME EPICS students were women, compared to 11% of ECE & ME students overall – Snapshot: 33% of Purdue CS EPICS students vs. 11.5% in CS overall ›Engineers Without Borders: – Many chapters with 50% women ›Purdue retention of 1st-year students - preliminary data: – Students in service-learning-based learning communities – 11-15% improvement in retention of female students who participated in a SL-focused learning community, compared to female students in other learning communities

32. Purdue Engineering An Opportunity for Change: Global Engineers ›22% of Purdue ME students participating in study abroad programs are women, compared to 12% of ME students overall ›Purdue engineering: ~35% higher participation of women in study abroad programs ›National 2- and 4-year students: Across all disciplines, 57% of all students are female, but 66% of female students participate in international experiences

33. Change the message: Because dreams need doing Change the focus: Engineering makes a difference in the world Become truly global Realizing the Opportunities: Some Proposed Solutions ›Turn the curriculum inside-out – 21st century: Engineering experience at the core, engineering science as it supports design

34. Teach ABET a-k Educate the Engineer of 2020 Change the message: Because dreams need doing Change the focus: Engineering makes a difference in the world Become truly global

35. Purdue Engineering Changing the Face of Engineering: Because Dreams Need Doing