4. Sir Isaac Newton discovered that if he sent white light through a prism, it separated the white light into a spectrum of colors (ROY G BIV). He then discovered that if he sent the spectrum of colors through another prism white light came out the other side.

5. White Light Prism White Light

6. White light is not a single color, but a mixture of many colors of light. A prism separates colors that already exist in white light. It does NOT create colors. Each color (frequency) is refracted at a different angle by the prism.

7. Since each color has a different frequency, it also has a different wavelength. The longer wavelengths are bent the least and the shorter wavelengths are bent the most.

8. Think about the track. The outside lane is the longest but has the least curve to it (bent the least). So red, which is on the outside of the rainbow, has the longest wavelength and is refracted (bent) the least. Blue has the shortest wavelength and is refracted (bent) the most.

9. The Primary Colors of Light RED BLUE GREEN

10. Combining the primary colors of light allow us to form new colors called secondary colors.

11. Red + Blue = Magenta

12. Blue + Green = Cyan

13. Red + Green = Yellow

14. Red + Blue + Green = White

15. Cyan White Light Red Blue Green Magenta Yellow

16. Two colors of light that can be added together to form white light. Complementary colors are the combination of a primary color of light plus a secondary color of light.

17. Magenta + ____ = White Light Cyan White Light Red Blue Green Magenta Yellow

18. Magenta + Green = White

19. Blue + _______ = White Light Cyan White Light Red Blue Green Magenta Yellow

20. Blue + Yellow = White

21. Cyan + ______ = White Light Cyan White Light Red Blue Green Magenta Yellow

22. Cyan + Red = White

23. Black is not a color but the absence of all colors (light).

25. Why does a black shirt appear black?

26. It appears black because it is absorbing all of the colors of light. When that light is absorbed, the light (radiant) energy turns into heat (thermal) energy.

27. This is why people wear light colored clothes in the summer and dark colors in the winter.

29. The human eye has cone cells for detecting red, blue, and green light. These cells are used for daylight vision. Rod cells are used in night vision since they detect only light and dark.

30. Stare at the center of the circle in the next slide.

33. Cyan is composed of blue and green. After staring at cyan for a long time, you have exhausted the blue and green cone cells in your eye. Therefore, you see red after staring at cyan.

34. When have you ever experienced this phenomenon?

35. When someone takes your picture using a flashbulb, you see black spots. The flashbulb exhausted all of the cone cells in your eye so none of them were working for a few moments.

36. Stare at the center of the circle in the next slide.

39. Yellow is composed of red and green. After staring at yellow for a long time, you have exhausted the red and green cone cells in your eyes. Therefore, you see blue after staring at yellow.

40. Stare at the center of the circle in the next slide.

43. Magenta is composed of red and blue. After staring at magenta for a long time, you have exhausted the red and blue cone cells. Therefore, you see green after staring at magenta.

44. Your eyes are capable of more complicated shapes than circles. Stare at the center of the heart on the next slide.

47. You should have seen a red heart after staring at the cyan heart since you have exhausted the green and blue cone cells from staring at cyan.

48. Stare at the center of the next slide.

51. You should have seen a green smiley face since your blue and red cone cells were exhausted from staring at the magenta smiley face.

52. Your eyes are capable of resolving an even more complicated picture. Stare at the center of the next slide.

58. The U.S. flag was originally cyan, yellow and black. After it was removed it appeared red, white, and blue.

59. Stare at the center of the even more complicated picture.

62. Stare at the red parrot for 20 seconds. Then look at the bird cage. You should be able to see the image of a cyan bird in the cage. Then stare at the green parrot for 20 seconds. Then look at the bird cage. You should now see a magenta bird in the cage.

64. Color blindness usually involves the colors of red and green. Color blindness is found in 4% of the male population and 0.25% of the female population.

65. Color blindness is a sex linked recessive genetic trait that appears on the X chromosome. Since men have only one X chromosome, if the gene for color blindness appears on it, they will be color blind. Women have two X chromosomes and it would have to appear on both X chromosomes before the woman would exhibit the trait.

74. How many tines are there?

75. What makes up the front of the crate?

76. Notice how what is an inside piece on the bottom right turns into an outside piece on the bottom left.

77. Are the two lines equal in length?

79. Can you find the old woman and the young girl?

80. Can you find the rabbit and the duck?

81. What do you see?

85. How many faces do you see?

86. How many legs does the elephant have?

87. What do you see in the picture?

89. How many people can you see?

90. There are 9 people in the picture.