1. MALUNGGAYMALUNGGAYMALUNGGAYMALUNGGAY Felicitas M. Neturada DA-RFU 6 Regional Training of Trainers in the Utilization of Malunggay-Based Recipes for In-School Feeding of Children and for School Canteens (November 11-12, 2008)

2. MALUNGGAYMALUNGGAYMALUNGGAYMALUNGGAY OUTLINE Introduction Malunggay Production

3. Getting to know you!!! Scientific name:  Moringa oleifera Lamk Other Scientific names:  Moringa nux-ben  M. pterygosperm  Guilandina moringa Kingdom: Plantae Order: Brassicales Family: Moringaceae Genus: Moringa Species: M. Oleifera Common names  Horseradish tree  Ben oil tree  Benzolive or benzolivier (Haiti)  Drumstick (India)  Paraiso (Mexico & Central America)  Libertad (Dominican Republic)

4. cont. Local names:  Kalungay (Bicolano)  Kamalongan, Malunggay (Bisaya)  Kalamunge (Pampango)  Arunggay, Marunggay (Iluko & Pangasinense)

5. Distribution Native to the Himalayas and possibly Africa and the Middle East Widely cultivated in Africa, Central & South America, Sri Lanka, India, Mexico, Malaysia, Thailand Grown throughout the Philippines as backyard vegetable or border plant

6. Promising Uses of Malunggay Nutritional Uses Commercial Uses Ben oil extracted from flowers can be used as illuminant, ointment base Biofuel source – a hectare of malunggay can produce about 20,000kg of seeds which can be translated to some 8,000 liters of oil

7. Malunggay....in the NEWS!!! Government urged to favor malunggay over Jatropha (Malaya) Malunggay answer to raging food vs fuel debate, DA says (Philippine Daily Inquirer) Landbank allows lending to malunggay growers (www.gmanews.tv) Negros Oriental promotes “ malunggay ” (www.pia.gov.ph)

8. Malungay is an ideal tree to grow in the city; A tropical plant, Malungay grows well at lower elevations; It can thrive up to 1,200 m altitude; It can be grown in various soils but thrives best in fertile, well-drained sandy loam soil; It can tolerate a soil pH of 5.0-9.0; Malunggay Production Adaptability and Availability

9. Does not grow well in clay soils which can get waterlogged; Its growth can be stunted in dry, shallow soils; Establishes best when it gets plenty of water; once established, it can survive drought condition. Adaptability …

10. Malunggay is usually propagated by cuttings but can also be propagated by seeds; Propagation

11. Malunggay cuttings or seedlings are planted before the onset of the rainy season; Choose a healthy mature tree as source of cuttings; Cuttings of 2 or more cm in diameter and not less than 80 cm in length are preferred, as sprouts come out earlier and grow much faster; Desired cuttings are cut clean and planted directly in the field at a depth of not more that 30 cm Cultural Practices

12. Straight mature branch with some hardwood is preferred; Cut off about one meter from the end of the branch, just below a node; Take off the leaves and cut the tender growing end of the branch just above a node; Place a layer of compost or organic fertilizer in a pit as basal application; Cultural Practices

13. Plant the branch cutting upright; Planting distance may vary.  for pod and seed production, space plants at least 2 m between rows and plants; Watering is very important during initial growth; Keep the soil moist but not soggy. Malungay should be trimmed to promote branching, increase yield, and facilitate harvesting Cultural …

14. Main insect pests are aphids, mites and insects that eat the fruit wall. Usually, extent of damage is minimal that pest control measures may not be necessary. Pest and Disease Management

15. For intensive leaf production, harvest green leaves when plants reach a height of 50cm or more (every 35-40 days) – cut at a distance of 15-20 cm above the ground Care must be taken in gathering the leaves to avoid damaging young sprouts and buds; Fruits harvested in the afternoon are bundled at 50- 100 pieces each and brought to the market the following day; Fruits and leaves are wrapped in banana leaves to keep them fresh. Harvesting and Postharvest Handling

16. References: DA-Biotechnology Program DA-BPI Philippine Medicinal Plants www.malaya.com.ph www.senate.gov.ph Amy R. Remo, Philippine Daily Inquirer For GOOD HEALTH….let’s eat Malunggay; for PROFIT, let’s plant Malunggay!!!