1. Innovative integrated methodology for the use of decontaminated river sediments in plant nursing and road building Expected start date: 01/10/2013Expected end date: 31/03/2016 Beneficiaries: CoordinatorISECNR: Institute for Ecosystem Studies of the National Research Council, Pisa, Italy Partners-CEBAS-CSIC: Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Científicas–Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Murcia, Spain -DICI: Department of Civil Engineering, University of Pisa -IBIMET: Istitute of Biometeorology of the National Research Council, Firenze, Italy -NAVI: Navicelli S.p.a. Pisa -UNIFI: Department of Plant, Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Firenze, Italy Total budget1,655,370 € EU contribution827,683 € 4° Coordination meeting CNR-ISE., Pisa-Italy 25 February 2016 CLEANSED: LIFE12 ENV/IT/000652

3. B. Implementation actionsState B1 Dredging, analysis and characterization of contaminated sedimentsDone B2 Sediment treatment (Landfarming)Done B3 Demonstration of the use of decontaminated sediments as a substrate for plant nursing Done B4 Demonstration of the use of decontaminated sediments in road construction Done C. Monitoring of the impact of the project actionsState C1 Monitoring and validation of treated sediments Done C2 Monitoring and validation of the use of decontaminated sediments for plant nursing Done C3 Monitoring and validation of the use of decontaminated sediments for road construction Done C4 Assessment of technical and economic impact – guidelines for the use of decontaminated sediments Ongoing

4. Post- Treatment Landfarming Sediment treated with AGRIPORT technology Fresh dredged Sediment Road construction Treatment Landfarming Nurseries CLEANSED: LIFE12 ENV/IT/000652 The Strategy a bioremediation technology in which contaminated sediment is spread on the upper soil zone or in biotreatment cells, mixed with nutrients and periodically irrigated and aerated H2O, Organic matter and organic contaminant reduction

5. LIVORNO CLEANSED: LIFE12 ENV/IT/000652 Length: 17 km Width: 30 m Depth: 3 m Navicelli Canal (Pisa), a navigable canal that connects Pisa to Livorno and flows into the sea The Navicelli Sediments The dredging of the Navicelli canal is aimed at allowing navigability About 20 000 m 3 /year

6. Fresh dredged Sediment Road construction Treatment Landfarming CLEANSED: LIFE12 ENV/IT/000652 1 st Specific objective: Sediment in road construction Reduction in: -H2O -Organic matter -Organic contaminants Organic matter and contaminants are degraded by microorganisms and used as carbon source for growth and energy

7. CLEANSED: LIFE12 ENV/IT/000652 -dewatering process ( 4 weeks) -sampling in 8 points in order to cover the overall surface About 800m 3 of sediments were dredged and disposed of in a proper basin located in Navicelli area

8. CLEANSED: LIFE12 ENV/IT/000652 The landfarming treatment consisted in the periodical (once-twice per week) aeration by mechanically moving the sediment and turning it over -5 months of landfarming -Collection of the sediment: 2.5 months (T1) and 5 months (T2)

9. CLEANSED: LIFE12 ENV/IT/000652 Landfarming for:  Reduction in water  Reduction in organic matter  Reduction in the organic contamination Matrix suitable for road construction activity Not enough 100m road

10. Post- Treatment Landfarming Sediment treated with AGRIPORT technology Nurseries CLEANSED: LIFE12 ENV/IT/000652 2 nd Specific objective: Sediment in nursery -homogenize the substrate -increase the biological activities and as, a consequence, -further reduce the organic contamination.

11. CLEANSED: LIFE12 ENV/IT/000652 Decontamination  The decrease in the heavy metals (20%) and total petroleum hydrocarbons (50-60%) indicated the efficiency of the AGRIPORT phytoremediation technology. Agronomical recovery  The improvement of the chemical-nutritional properties (nutrient balance) of the treated sediments indicated the activation of the nutrient cycle and then the recovery of the agronomic fertility. Ecological-Functional Recovery  The stimulation of the biological parameters contributed to create a functional “soil ecosystem“. Agriport-Achievements Phragmites reached 60% of plant cover Paspalum reached 100% of plant cover in all the treatments PlantationTwo years Exploitation of phytoremediation (plants and compost) as a sustainable reclamation technology for turning slightly- polluted brackish and marine dredged sediments into an agronomic substrate, which can be used as a "techno-soil”.

12. CLEANSED: LIFE12 ENV/IT/000652 -Removal of plants -Periodically turning over of the sediments inside each containers (12) -3 months of landfarming -Collection of the sediment: 1.5 months (T1) and 3 months (T2) -homogenize the substrate -increase the biological activities -further reduce the organic contamination Landfarming:

13. CLEANSED: LIFE12 ENV/IT/000652 Landfarming for:  Homogenize the substrate  Increase the biological activities  Further reduce the organic contamination Matrix suitable for nursery activity Treatments: due to the lower nutrient content and water holding capacity: mix with agronomic soil 50:50 – 33:66 – 0:100 Plants: 3 ornamental species: Viburnum tinus L. (1) Eleagnus macrophylla L. (2), Photinia x fraseri var. Red Robin (3) 1 2 3 2 nd Case: Conclusions

14. B3. Demonstration of the use of decontaminated sediments as a substrate for plant nursery C.2 Monitoring and validation of the use of decontaminated sediments for plant nursing CLEANSED: LIFE12 ENV/IT/000652 Sediment treated with AGRIPORT technology Plants: 3 ornamental species: Viburnum tinus L. (1), Eleagnus macrophylla L. (2), Photinia x fraseri var. Red Robin (3) Treatments: 3 mixtues of sediment and soil 50:50 – 33:66 – 0:100 For each treatment experimentation carried out in two replicates Centro Sperimentale per il Vivaismo (Ce.Spe.Vi, Pistoia) 1 2 3

15. Parameters analysed: pH, E.C., Total Organic C, Total N, Water soluble C, Nitrate, Ammonium, available P, Dehydrogenase activity, Phosphatase activity  -glucosidase activity, Humus under analysis ….addition parameters Action B3. Demonstration of the use of decontaminated sediments as a substrate for plant nursery Centro Sperimentale per il Vivaismo (Ce.Spe.Vi, Pistoia) Samples from the two replicate basins have been collected (0-15 and 15-30 cm detpths) and analyzed -immediatly after soil-sediment mixture preparation (T0) (May 2014) -after five months from plantation (T1) (October 2014) -after nine months from plantation (T2) (February 2015) -after 13 months from plantation (T3) (June 2015) -after 17 months from plantation (T4) (October 2015)…Addition sampling…. the results are the average of the two replicates Sediment treated with AGRIPORT technology CLEANSED: LIFE12 ENV/IT/000652

16. Demonstration of the use of decontaminated sediments as a substrate for plant nursery C<T33<T50 Decrease during the time Similar value at T4 for the three thesis C.E. (dS m -1 ) Initial Time Soil (control) 0,18 T 33 0,52 T 500,76 T1: October 2014 T2:February 2015 T3: June 2015 T4: October 2015 0-15 cm =0-30 cm TOC (%) Initial Time Soil (control) 1,46 T 33 1,53 T 501,44 C<T33=T50 during the experimentation Increase during the time, even if not always significant TN not significant variations during time and treatments

17. Demonstration of the use of decontaminated sediments as a substrate for plant nursery Nutrient trend T1: October 2014 T2:February 2015 T3: June 2015 T4: October 2015 0-15 cm =0-30 cm

18. Demonstration of the use of decontaminated sediments as a substrate for plant nursery Dehydrogenase: Often not significant variation Important peak at T3 B-glucosidase and phosphatase Generally C<T33<T50 Significant and important increase during the time with a peak at T2 Initial Time β-gluc. Phosp. DHase Soil 112 1301.3 T 33 164 1201,5 T 50 1511191,5 Enzyme activities T1: October 2014 T2:February 2015 T3: June 2015 T4: October 2015 0-15 cm =0-30 cm

19. CLEANSED: LIFE12 ENV/IT/000652 0-15 cm =0-30 cm T1: October 2014 T2: February 2015 T3: June 2015 T4: October 2015 Decrease in NO 3 -, NH 4 + increase in  -glucosidase, Phosphatase Increase in TOC, WSC, Pav, DHase T2: enzyme activities increase T3: WSC, Pav and Dhase increase PCA: principal component analysis Time effect

20. CLEANSED: LIFE12 ENV/IT/000652 PCA: principal component analysis Time effect PCA: principal component analysis sediment effect 50% better 33%≈ 50% Decrease in NO 3 -, NH 4 + increase in  -glucosidase, Phosphatase Increase in TOC, WSC, Pav, DHase 33%≈ 50 % T1: October 2014 T2:February 2015 T3: June 2015 T4: October 2015 Component loadings

21. CLEANSED: LIFE12 ENV/IT/000652 0-15 cm =0-30 cm Decrease in NO 3 -, NH 4 + increase in  -glucosidase, Phosphatase Increase in TOC, WSC, Pav, DHase PCA: principal component analysis CONCLUSIONS Final sampling October 2015 In presence of Photinia and Viburnio better substrate quality at 50% Remediated sediment suitable for nursery activity

22. ……..Future activity  Discussion of results between all the partners  LCA (C4, UNIFI, DICI)  Continue dissemination activities (All partners)  Manual for the use of decontaminated sediments in plant Nursing (D7, IBIMET)  Manual for the use of decontaminated sediments in road building (D8, DICI) CLEANSED: LIFE12 ENV/IT/000652

23. Tanks to the partnership Istitute of Biometeorology of the National Research Council, Firenze, Italy (CNR-IBIMET) Spanish National Research Council–Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura- Murcia (CEBAS-CSICS) Department of Civil Engineering, University of Pisa (DICI) Navicelli S.p.a. Pisa (NAVI) epartment of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences. University of Firenze, Italy (DISPAA) excellent WORK

24. Thank you for the attention Thanks to: -All the partners with responsible and collaborators: -European Commission DG Environment Life