2. Presidential Roles There are five people interested in being President of the United States and it is your job to determine whether or not they meet the basic requirements: 1.Seventy-six year old former House of Representatives member. 2.Thirty-seven year old Governor of California who was a famous actor after moving from his birth country of Austria. 3.Thirty-five year old business woman from North Carolina. 4.Forty-nine year old military general stationed in Iraq for the past four years and who was born on U.S. military base in Germany after WWII. 5.Thirty-year old from New Jersey who has been a Senator for four-years already

3. Presidential Requirements 1.Why do you think the Founding Fathers set forth these basic requirements? 2.What is your opinion of these requirements? Do you agree that the age and citizenship stipulations are good ones? Why or why not? 3.What other requirements do you think a President should meet? ●At least 35 years of age ●Native born United States citizen ●Resident of the United States for at least 14 years

4. Truth and Lies We will be playing “Two Truths and a Lie.” I will tell you three statements at a time regarding the roles and powers of the President. Two of the statements are true, and one is a lie. A.  1.The President gets paid to throw large parties. 2.The President can declare war if America's national security is threatened. 3.The President has the power to appoint ambassadors

5. Truth and Lies We will be playing “Two Truths and a Lie.” I will tell you three statements at a time regarding the roles and powers of the President. Two of the statements are true, and one is a lie. A.  1.The power of the vice-presidency has been increasing since the early 1990s 2.The president is one of the highest paid members of American society. 3.No president has ever been elected to more than two terms.

6. Truth and Lies We will be playing “Two Truths and a Lie.” I will tell you three statements at a time regarding the roles and powers of the President. Two of the statements are true, and one is a lie. A.  1.The President has the right to withhold certain information from Congress if he thinks it would endanger America. 2.No president has ever made it to the highest office without being elected to either the Presidency or the vice-presidency 3.The President is allowed to campaign for other candidates of his same party running for office.

7. Demographic Characteristics of U.S. Presidents 100% male 90% Caucasian 97% Protestant 82% of British ancestry 77% college educated 69% politicians 62% lawyers >50% from the top 3% wealth and social class 0.5% born into poverty 69% elected from large states

8. Presidential Benefits $400,000 tax-free salary $50,000/year expense account $100,000/year travel expenses The White House Secret Service protection Camp David country estate Air Force One personal airplane Staff of 400-500 Christmas at the White House, 2004

9. Examine the political cartoon and answer the following questions: 1.What do you see here? (Point out all symbols, text, visual details, etc.) 2.What message is the cartoon implying regarding the powers of the President? 3.Does the President make his or her own rules?

10. Presidential Roles

11. Which of the President’s roles do you feel is the most important? Explain.

12. Chief Executive President Bush holds cabinet meeting in October, 2005 President Clinton with Janet Reno, the first female Attorney General, February, 1993 The Constitution vests the President with the executive power of the United States, making him or her the nation’s chief executive.

13. Chief Diplomat President Lincoln during the Civil War, 1862 President Roosevelt and the “Bully Pulpit,” 1910 As the nation’s chief diplomat, the President is the main architect of American foreign policy and chief spokesperson to the rest of the world.

14. Commander-in-Chief President Bush aboard U.S.S. Lincoln, May, 2003 President Johnson decorates a soldier in Vietnam, October, 1966 The Constitution makes the President the commander in chief, giving him or her complete control of the nation’s armed forces.

15. Chief Legislator President Clinton delivers the State of the Union Address, 1997 President Roosevelt signs into law the Social Security Act, 1935 The President is the chief legislator, the main architect of the nation’s public policies.

16. Head of State Queen Elizabeth and President Reagan, 1983 President Kennedy speaks at Berlin Wall, 1963 The President is chief of state. This means he is the ceremonial head of the government of the United States, the symbol of all the people of the nation.

17. Economic Leader President deals with economic problems (Unemployment, high taxes, rising prices) Plans the federal budget Congress must approve During the first hundred days in office FDR pushed for legislation that would solve the economic crisis, 1932

18. Political Party Leader President Reagan & Vice-President Bush accepting their party’s nomination in 1980 The President acts as the chief of party, the acknowledged leader of the political party that controls the executive branch.

20. 1. A s Chief Diplomat, I can help settle problems among other countries. I can facilitate discussion between the countries as well as facilitate the signing of a treaty. *Historical Fact: Jimmy Carter brought Egypt and Israel together to sign the Camp David Peace Accords in 1979. 2. I can appoint her to the Supreme Court, allowed under the power of Chief Executive. *Historical Fact: President Clinton appointed Ruth Bader Ginsberg to the Supreme Court. 3. As Legislative Leader, I can veto the bill. 4. As Party Leader, I can give a speech to assist her campaign. 5. As Economic Leader, I must prepare a federal budget. 6. Holding ceremonies and dinners for foreign visitors is part of my Head of State powers. *Historical Fact: The Marquis de Lafayette was one of the first notable international guests of the White House. President John Quincy Adams honored the hero of the American and French Revolutions with a party on the Marquis de Lafayette's 68th birthday in 1825. The square across Pennsylvania Avenue would later be named to commemorate Lafayette. 7. As Commander-in-Chief, I can place the military on high alert. *Historical fact: President Kennedy orders America's nuclear forces on high alert during the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962. 8. I will make the annual state-of-the union address to Congress in my role as Chief Legislator. 9. As Head of State, I carry out ceremonial functions, such as lighting the national Christmas tree. 10. As Legislative Leader, I can propose and advocate from my desired legislation by giving speeches, meeting with key senators and representatives, and appointing staff members to work closely with members of Congress, all in an effort to build support for my ideas.

21. If you were president which role would you enjoy the most and why?

22. What is the best college in NJ? RUTGERS (obviously) Montclair University Princeton

23. Presidential Succession Presidential succession is the plan by which a presidential vacancy is filled. 1) Vice President 2) Speaker of the House 3) President Pro Tempore

24. Presidential Succession Presidential succession is the plan by which a presidential vacancy is filled. 1) Vice President 2) Speaker of the House 3) President Pro Tempore

26. Executive Orders Orders issued by the President that carry the force of law Clinton’s “Don’t ask don’t tell” gays in the military policy FDR’s internment of Japanese Americans GWB trying suspected terrorists in military tribunals Notice for Japanese “relocation,” 1942

27. Executive Agreements International agreements, usually related to trade, made by a president that has the force of a treaty; does NOT need Senate approval Jefferson’s purchase of Louisiana in 1803 GWB announced cuts in the nuclear arsenal, but not in a treaty; usually trade agreements between US and other nations

28. Executive Privilege Claim by a president that he has the right to decide that the national interest will be better served if certain information is withheld from the public, including the Courts and Congress United States v. Nixon (1973) – presidents do NOT have unqualified executive privilege (Nixon Watergate tapes)

29. Electing a President Step 1: –Primaries and Caucuses – determine who the Presidential candidates will be for each political party

30. Electing a President Step 2: – Convention – political parties formally nominate candidates - Party platform is established – basic principles and beliefs of the party

31. Step 3: –Electoral College – group of people from each state chosen to formally select the president and vice president Electing a President

33. Alternatives to Electoral College District Plan – each Congressional receives 1 electoral vote Proportional Plan – candidates receive electoral votes in proportion to the percentage of popular vote received Direct Popular Election – based strictly on popular vote (would require a Constitutional Amendment) National Popular Vote – states agree to give all electoral votes to popular winner