1. Amino Acids

2. Starter Name the functions of proteins in the human body.

3. Starter Name the functions of proteins in the human body. Enzymes Antibodies Membrane carriers (active transport and facilitated diffusion) Structural components eg muscle and bone Hormones

4. Amino Acid Amino group – basic group from which the amino name is derived Carboxyl group – an acidic group which gives the amino acid part of it ’ s name Hydrogen Atom R group – A variety of chemical groups. Each amino acid has a different R group.

5. (c) describe, with the aid of diagrams, the formation and breakage of peptide bonds in the synthesis and hydrolysis of dipeptides and polypeptides;

6. (d) explain, with the aid of diagrams, the term primary structure; (e) explain, with the aid of diagrams, the term secondary structure with reference to hydrogen bonding; (f) explain, with the aid of diagrams, the term tertiary structure, with reference to hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions, disulfide bonds and ionic interactions;

7. (c) describe, with the aid of diagrams, the formation and breakage of peptide bonds in the synthesis and hydrolysis of dipeptides and polypeptides;

9. (b) describe, with the aid of diagrams, the structure of an amino acid; (c) describe, with the aid of diagrams, the formation and breakage of peptide bonds in the synthesis and hydrolysis of dipeptides and polypeptides; 1.describe the structure of an amino acid 2.explain how amino acids are similar but different 3.define essential and non-essential amino acids 4.explain what a peptide bond is, and how it is formed question 2 from p99

10. (b) describe, with the aid of diagrams, the structure of an amino acid; (c) describe, with the aid of diagrams, the formation and breakage of peptide bonds in the synthesis and hydrolysis of dipeptides and polypeptides; 1.describe the structure of an amino acid Amino group at one end and an acid group at the other with a carbon in between. There are 20 different types made up of differing R groups attached to the central carbon. 1.explain how amino acids are similar but different Same basic structure with different chemical R groups attached to central C. 1.define essential and non-essential amino acids Non-essential amino acids can be constructed by the body. Essential amino acids cannot and therefore must be taken in by the diet. 1.explain what a peptide bond is, and how it is formed A covalent bond between the acid group of one amino acid and the amino group of another – condensation reaction (removal of water) question 2 from p99

12. Summary Mini-whiteboards Give 2 reasons why we need to eat proteins Why can amino acids differ? Which reaction forms a polypeptide? What is removed? What type of bond is formed? What is a polypeptide made up of? Name the 2 bonds involved in the tertiary structure of a protein What feature of a protein is important to its role What bonds are broken first during denaturation