1. Waste Audits Dave Smiley Director of Sustainability Bay Disposal & Recycling May 15, 2012

2. Waste Audits Have you ever participated in a waste audit? Is an audit required in your waste management program? How do you develop your reporting? Is it current?

3. What is Waste? As a verb: To consume, spend or employ uselessly or without giving full value or being fully utilized; to fail or neglect to use. As a noun: Useless consumption or expenditure without adequate return. As an adjective: Having served or fulfilled a purpose; no longer in use. Source: Dictionary.com

4. Examples of Waste? Garbage or refuse Misspent time Neglect instead of use; waste of opportunity Anything unused, unproductive or not properly utilized

5. Why do a Waste Audit? Discover opportunities to: Reduce waste management costs Improve operating efficiency Better utilize limited natural resources Develop “Knowledge Base” Minimize waste (lost profits) Keep stakeholders engaged

6. What is a Waste Audit? Formal, structured process – Measurement – Identification / Characterization Quantifies the amounts of waste generated Determines waste composition Identify current waste practices Collect baseline data

7. Conducting a Waste Audit 1.PLAN Define study area Determine location and quantities Collect background information Enlist support Consider all safety issues Protect confidentiality Who is going to report results

8. Conducting a Waste Audit 2. COLLECT Brief audit team Distribute PPE and data tools Determine flow of material Move material to sort site(s)

9. Conducting a Waste Audit 3. SORT Weigh material Spread material for sorting Sort into various categories Count and/or weigh sorted material Record data Dispose of sorted waste

10. Conducting a Waste Audit 4. ANALYZE Enter data Do calculations Interpret the results Prepare audit report, including findings and recommendations

11. Waste Audit Form (sample) MaterialsLocationRecycled Y/N Disposal Lbs. / Wk Disposal Tons / Yr Comments OCC ONP SOP Mixed Paper Glass Ferrous Non Ferrous PET HDPE PP Other Plastic Wet Residue Dry Residue Totals

12. Cost Audit Form (sample) Date of Collection % FilledPickup Cost TypeSize# Pickups per Month Monthly Cost Total

13. Solid Waste General Audit

14. Company X Solid Waste Audit April 12, 2012 Generating 25 tons per day Audited 10 tons and combed through the perimeter – est. volume Virtually no OCC Large volume of thick mil (HDPE, LDPE) bags Large volume of Tyvek (HDPE) suits (est. 1,000 / day) Bagged waste consisted of typical post-consumer lunch waste (PET, Alum.) Some PVC and miscellaneous plastics, foam, shredded paper Estimate 50% recoverable, 50% residue (assuming Tyvek recovery)

15. Residential Recycling Audit

17. Recycling Stream Audit - March 30, 2012 City of Newport News Pounds% Total material set aside890 ONP9510.7% OCC24027.0% Mixed Paper17019.1% PET556.2% HDPE353.9% Aluminum353.9% Steel353.9% Glass9510.7% Residue13014.6% Comments Material derived from Yellow Thursday Rt 31 Fiber moisture content - dry 40 lbs of Residue consisted of mixed plastic 3-7 Heavy OCC Assessment Team Newport News - Roy Chesson, Deborah Everitt, Dan Baxter Bay Disposal & Recycling - Emmett Moore, Mike Norris, Dave Smiley, Clarence Martin, Ronnie Williams

18. Newport News Residential Recycling Material Composition To Date 3/30/122/8/1211/9/119/23/116/23/115/13/1111/19/1010/19/109/14/108/27/108/20/106/18/105/21/103/19/102/25/101/7/10 Total Lbs. of material set aside26,020 8901,0851,0151,3651,7501,8551,4601,4351,8501,9751,8302,1102,0701,7802,0301,520 ONP20.7% 10.7%14.3%14.8%10.6%25.4%14.6%37.3%19.9%21.9%28.9%20.5%15.4%13.0%28.7%25.9%21.1% OCC19.4% 27.0%13.8%8.4%21.2%13.1%13.2%26.7%13.2%14.3%19.5%18.0%23.9%22.2%21.3%17.5%36.8% Mixed Paper18.4% 19.1%34.6%27.1%15.4%14.9%39.1%11.6%28.2%11.4%16.7%20.8%25.1%10.6%11.0%16.0% PET6.8% 6.2%5.1%5.9%8.4%7.4%5.9%4.1%8.0%5.9%5.6%5.2%8.8%6.3%6.7%9.1%8.6% HDPE5.2% 3.9%5.1%3.9%9.2%4.0%5.1%4.5%5.9%4.1%4.6%7.1%5.2%7.2%4.5%4.4%3.3% Aluminum3.0% 3.9%3.2%3.9%2.6%3.1%1.9%3.8% 3.5%2.8%3.0%2.8%3.4%2.8%1.7%3.3% Steel3.1% 3.9%5.1%3.9%4.0%3.1%1.9%4.1%3.8%3.0%3.8%3.0%2.6%1.4%2.8%3.7%1.3% Glass8.9% 10.7%10.6%16.3%11.4%10.0%9.4%4.5%6.6%11.9%7.3%9.0%8.1%7.7%7.9%8.1%7.2% Residue14.5% 14.6%8.3%15.8%17.2%18.9%8.9%3.4%10.5%24.1%10.9%13.4%8.1%28.0%14.3%13.5%18.4% Fiber58.5% 56.7%62.7%50.2%47.3%53.4%66.8%75.7%61.3%47.6%65.1%59.3%64.5%45.9%61.0%59.4%57.9% Plastic12.0% 10.1% 9.9%17.6%11.4%11.1%8.6%13.9%10.0%10.1%12.3%14.0%13.5%11.2%13.5%11.8% Metal6.1% 7.9%8.3%7.9%6.6%6.3%3.8%7.9%7.7%6.5%6.6%6.0%5.5%4.8%5.6%5.4%4.6% Route AuditedY Th 31R Tu 27Y Tu 21R We 7Y We 2Y ThRO ThR Mo 17Y Mo 13R Tu 26Y Tu 22Th 29 KilnR Th 36Y Th 342/24/101/6/10

19. Newport News Recycling City Wide Stream Composition

20. Newport News Recycling % Stream Composition by Area

21. Newport News Recycling Key Indicators - February 2012

22. Key Points Involve and engage the stakeholders Be safe It is what it is Develop the “Knowledge Base Utilize data to implement positive changes Unique opportunity to methodically improve awareness and effectiveness www.deq.state.va.us www.epa.govwww.deq.state.va.uswww.epa.gov

23. Waste Audits Dave Smiley Director of Sustainability Bay Disposal & Recycling May 15, 2012 Questions?