1. Splash Screen UNIT 20 Capitalization

2. 2 Contents Unit 20 Unit 20 Overview LessonLesson 20.1: Capitalization of Sentencespitalizationnces Lesson 20.2Lesson 20.2: Capitalization of Proper Nounsoper N Lesson 20.3: Capitalization of Proper Adjectivesn 20.3: Cap Proper Adjectives GrGrammar Review Click a hyperlink to view the corresponding slides.

3. 3 Unit Overview 1 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. To learn the rules of capitalization  To demonstrate control over the rules of capitalization by completing exercises in which those rules must be applied Unit Objectives

4. End of Overview Click the mouse button to return to the Contents slide.

5. 5 Lesson 1-1 To know when to capitalize the first word in a sentence, a direct quotation, a sentence in parentheses, or an indirect quotation Objective

6. 6 Lesson 1-2 Capitalize the first word of every sentence, including the first word of a direct quotation that is a complete sentence.  Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. –One of the first computers was large enough to fill a two-car garage.  –Henry Ford said, “Thinking is the hardest work there is, which is the probable reason why so few engage in it.” Capitalization of Sentences

7. 7 Lesson 1-3 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Do not capitalize the first word of a quotation unless the entire quotation can stand as a complete sentence or it is capitalized in the original text.  Capitalization of Sentences (cont.) –Although astronauts must learn how to use computers, experts say most astronauts are “computer users, not computer wizards.”

8. 8 Lesson 1-4 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Do not capitalize an indirect quotation. An indirect quotation gives the meaning of an original statement without repeating it word for word. It is often introduced by the word that.  Capitalization of Sentences (cont.) –This letter from a computer camp states that swimming, hiking, and archery will be offered this summer.

9. 9 Lesson 1-5 Revise any incorrect sentences that follow, correcting any errors in capitalization. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. 1.Writer and publisher Benjamin Franklin observed, “nothing should be expressed in two words that can be as well expressed in one.” 2.He advised writers to choose words that were “Smooth, clear, and short, for the contrary qualities are displeasing.” Writer and publisher Benjamin Franklin observed, “Nothing should be expressed in two words that can be as well expressed in one.” He advised writers to choose words that were “smooth, clear, and short, for the contrary qualities are displeasing.” Exercise 1 Capitalizing Quotations

10. 10 Lesson 1-6 Revise any incorrect sentences that follow, correcting any errors in capitalization. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Exercise 1 Capitalizing Quotations (cont.) 3.Franklin believed that writers should rarely, if ever, use synonyms or words that have almost the same meaning as other words. 4.He said, “words should be the most expressive that the language affords.” correct He said, “Words should be the most expressive that the language affords.”

11. 11 Lesson 1-6 Revise any incorrect sentences that follow, correcting any errors in capitalization. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Exercise 1 Capitalizing Quotations (cont.) 5. He recommended that words be so placed “As to be agreeable to the ear in reading.” He recommended that words be so placed “as to be agreeable to the ear in reading.”

12. 12 Lesson 1-7 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Capitalize the first word of a sentence within parentheses that stands by itself.  Do not capitalize a sentence within parentheses that is contained within another sentence.  Capitalization of Sentences (cont.) –Games can be tools for learning about computers. (Many programmers think that programming itself is the best game of all.)  –They were looking for software (they hoped to buy no more than three or four programs) that they could use in writing reports.

13. 13 Lesson 1-8 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Exercise 2 Capitalizing Within Parentheses Rewrite each item that is incorrect, correcting the capitalization. If an item is correct, write correct. 1.He went in through the back door. (he hoped no one would notice him.) 2.He expected to be nervous facing a huge crowd (ironically, no one was even in the room). 3.When he heard the noise (Someone was sneaking up behind him), he turned quickly. He went in through the back door. (He hoped no one would notice him.) correct When he heard the noise (someone was sneaking up behind him), he turned quickly.

14. 14 Lesson 1-9 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Exercise 2 Capitalizing Within Parentheses (cont.) Rewrite each item that is incorrect, correcting the capitalization. If an item is correct, write correct. 4.Eventually the audience filled with young adults (no children were allowed). 5.His speech was very well received. (his wife always knew that it would be.) correct His speech was very well received. (His wife always knew that it would be.)

15. 15 Lesson 1-10 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Exercise 3 Capitalizing Sentences Rewrite correctly any of the following sentences that have errors in capitalization. Write correct if a sentence has no errors. 1.the great Indian leader Mohandas Gandhi said, “civilization is the encouragement of differences.” 2.The Chinese American novelist Maxine Hong Kingston remarked, “you can be a writer at any time. you don’t have to worry about talent.” The great Indian leader Mohandas Gandhi said, “Civilization is the encouragement of differences.” The Chinese American novelist Maxine Hong Kingston remarked, “You can be a writer at any time. You don’t have to worry about talent.”

16. 16 Lesson 1-11 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Exercise 3 Capitalizing Sentences (cont.) Rewrite correctly any of the following sentences that have errors in capitalization. Write correct if a sentence has no errors. 3.Eleanor Roosevelt wrote, “No one can make you feel inferior without your consent.” 4.the civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. wrote that nonviolence is a powerful weapon. (he described nonviolence as a “sword that heals.”) correct The civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. wrote that nonviolence is a powerful weapon. (He described nonviolence as a “sword that heals.”)

17. 17 Lesson 1-12 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Exercise 3 Capitalizing Sentences (cont.) Rewrite correctly any of the following sentences that have errors in capitalization. Write correct if a sentence has no errors. 5.The Russian-born sculptor Louise Nevelson said, “I never liked the middle ground–the most boring place in the world.” correct

18. 18 Lesson 1 Close Consider how understanding correct capitalization will help you in other areas both in and out of school. Summarize your thoughts in your journal. Close

19. End of Lesson 1 Click the mouse button to return to the Contents slide.

20. 20 To identify and capitalize proper nouns when writing Lesson 2-1 Objective

21. 21 Lesson 2-2 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Proper nouns name particular persons, places, things, or ideas.  In proper nouns composed of several words, capitalize only the important words.  Do not capitalize articles, coordinating conjunctions, and prepositions of fewer than five letters. Capitalize a proper noun

22. 22 Lesson 2-3 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. 1.Names of individuals  Capitalize a proper noun (cont.) –Seiji Ozawa  –Sequoya  –Sally Ride  –Serena Williams  –Mark Twain  –Jesse Jackson  –Charles de Gaulle  –Catherine the Great

23. 23 Lesson 2-4 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. 2.Titles of individuals Capitalize titles used before a proper name and titles used in direct address.  Capitalize a proper noun (cont.) –Dr. Henry Ramirez  –Chief Sitting Bull  –Princess Caroline  –Prime Minister Tony Blair  –General Robert E. Lee  –Secretary of State Jefferson  –Mother Teresa  –Ms. Jones  –Pope John Paul II  –Senator Durbin  –Congresswoman Schroeder  –Aye, aye, Captain. [direct address]

24. 24 Lesson 2-5 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. In general, do not capitalize titles that follow a proper name or are used alone.  Capitalize a proper noun (cont.) –Lawton Chiles, the governor of Florida, met with the president last evening at the White House.

25. 25 Lesson 2-6 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. In general, capitalize a title that describes a family relationship when it is used with or in place of a proper name.  Capitalize a proper noun (cont.) –Have you met Aunt butHave you met my Flora? aunt?  –Please ask Please ask your Grandfather. grandfather.  –What did you say, What did my Mother? mother say?  –After a moment, After a moment, Father spoke. my father spoke.

26. 26 Lesson 2-7 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. 3.Names of ethnic groups, national groups, and languages  Capitalize a proper noun (cont.) –Native Americans  –Italian  –Laotians  –Swahili  –Mexicans  –Japanese  –Scots  –Latin

27. 27 Lesson 2-8 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. 4.Names of organizations, institutions, political parties and their members, and firms  Capitalize a proper noun (cont.) –Food and Drug Administration  –Girl Scouts of America  –Utah State University  –the Congress  –the Democratic party  –a Republican  –Bank of America  –General Electric

28. 28 Lesson 2-9 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The word party is not capitalized.  Capitalize a proper noun (cont.) –She was appointed judge of the First District Court.  –Mr. Tavares was a witness in traffic court.  –He became interested in science at the university. Do not capitalize common nouns such as court or university unless they are part of a proper noun. 

29. 29 Lesson 2-10 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Exercise 4 Capitalizing Names and Titles Rewrite the following items if they are incorrect, adding capital letters as necessary. If an item is correct, write correct. 1.george allen, the governor of Virginia 2.senator barbara boxer 3.aunt luisa and her mother 4.the progressive party 5.mount vernon college George Allen, the governor of Virginia Senator Barbara Boxer Aunt Luisa and her mother the Progressive party Mount Vernon College

30. 30 Lesson 2-11 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. 5.Names of monuments, buildings, bridges, and other structures  Capitalize a proper noun –Eiffel Tower  –Vietnam Veterans Memorial  –World Trade Center  –Golden Gate Bridge  –Parthenon  –Sears Tower  –Lincoln Tunnel  –Hoover Dam  –Shea Stadium  –White House

31. 31 Lesson 2-12 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. 6.Trade names  Capitalize a proper noun (cont.) –Chevrolet car  –Cheerios cereal  –Kleenex tissue  –Friskies cat food  –Xerox copier  –Lifesavers candy

32. 32 Lesson 2-13 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. 7.Names of documents, awards, and laws  Capitalize a proper noun (cont.) –Constitution  –Pulitzer Prize  –Fifth Amendment  –Grammy  –Emancipation Proclamation  –Bill of Rights  –Treaty of Paris  –Environmental Protection Act  Do not capitalize short prepositions that appear as part of the name.

33. 33 Lesson 2-14 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Capitalize a proper noun (cont.) –Asia  –Lake Huron  –Africa  –Biscayne Bay  –Mexico  –Grand Canyon  –Virginia  –Blue Ridge Mountains  –Oregon  –Cape Cod  –Dade County 8.Geographical terms Capitalize the names of continents, countries, states, counties, and cities, as well as the names of specific bodies of water, topographical features, regions, and streets. 

34. 34 Lesson 2-15 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Capitalize a proper noun (cont.) –Sahara Desert  –Mississippi River  –Main Street  –Great Plains  –Prince Edward Island –Dallas  –Middle East  –Atlantic Ocean  –Southern Hemisphere 

35. 35 Lesson 2-16 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. 9.Names of planets and other celestial bodies  Capitalize a proper noun (cont.) –Pluto  –the constellation Scorpio  –the Sun  –Mars  –the North Star  –the Moon  –the Big Dipper  –the Milky Way

36. 36 Lesson 2-17 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Earth is capitalized only when the word refers to the planet, but in that case, do not use the definite article, the.  Capitalize a proper noun (cont.) –Venus and Mars are Earth’s closest planetary neighbors.  –The archaeologists dug deep into the hard, sandy earth.

37. 37 Lesson 2-18 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Capitalize a proper noun (cont.) –the North butnorth of 42nd Street  –the West Coastthe west coast of Africa  –South Pacificsouth of Bangor  –East Lansingeast of the school 10. Compass points Capitalize the words north, east, south, and west when they refer to a specific area of the country or the world or when they are part of a proper name. Do not capitalize them when they merely indicate direction. 

38. 38 Lesson 2-19 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. 11.Names of ships, planes, trains, and spacecraft  Capitalize a proper noun (cont.) –U.S.S. Constitution  –Spirit of St. Louis  –Challenger  –Yankee Clipper

39. 39 Lesson 2-20 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. 12. Names of most historical events, eras, and calendar items  Capitalize a proper noun (cont.) –Reconstruction  –Washington’s Birthday  –Middle Ages  –Labor Day  –Ming Dynasty  –World War II  –the Crusades  –Battle of Hastings

40. 40 Lesson 2-21 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Do not capitalize a historical period when it refers to a general span of time.  Capitalize a proper noun (cont.) –the twenties  –the tenth century

41. 41 Lesson 2-22 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Capitalize the days of the week and the months of the year, but do not capitalize the names of the seasons (spring, summer, autumn, fall, winter).  Capitalize a proper noun (cont.) –We met on a Monday in March; it was the first day of spring.

42. 42 Lesson 2-23 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. 13. Religious terms Capitalize names of deities, religions and their denominations and adherents, words referring to a supreme deity, and religious books and events.  Capitalize a proper noun (cont.) –God  –Allah  –Christianity  –Russian Orthodox  –Protestants  –Muslims  –Qur’an  –New Testament  –the Almighty  –Hanukkah

43. 43 Lesson 2-24 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Capitalize a proper noun (cont.) –Jews  –the Second Coming  –Four Noble Truths –Buddhism 

44. 44 Lesson 2-25 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. 14. Names of school courses Capitalize only those school courses that are the name of a language or the title of a specific course. Do not capitalize the name of a subject.  Capitalize a proper noun (cont.) –Advanced Algebrabutalgebra  –Spanishgeography  –Music 101music  –World Cultures IIhistory

45. 45 Lesson 2-26 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. 15. Titles of works  Capitalize a proper noun (cont.) –the Odyssey [epic poem]  –“The Gift of the Magi” [story]  –the Los Angeles Times [newspaper]  –“Home on the Range” [song]  –Information Please Almanac [reference book]

46. 46 Lesson 2-27 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Capitalize a proper noun (cont.) Always capitalize the first and last words of a title or subtitle.  Do not capitalize articles, coordinating conjunctions, or prepositions of fewer than five letters within the title.

47. 47 Lesson 2-28 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Capitalize a proper noun (cont.) Capitalize articles (a, an, and the) at the beginning of a title only when they are part of the title itself.  It is common practice not to capitalize (or italicize) articles preceding the title of a newspaper or a periodical.  Do not capitalize (or italicize) the word magazine unless it is part of the title of a periodical.  –“The Fifty-first Dragon”  –the Christian Science Monitor

48. 48 Lesson 2-29 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Capitalize a proper noun (cont.) –“A Marriage Proposal”  –a Newsweek magazine

49. 49 Lesson 2-30 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Exercise 5 Capitalizing Proper Nouns Correct the following items, adding capital letters where necessary. 1.antioch college 2.jacqueline kennedy onassis 3.library of congress 4.the wall street journal and time magazine 5.portuguese, spanish, and latin Antioch College Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis Library of Congress the Wall Street Journal and Time magazine Portuguese, Spanish, and Latin

50. 50 Lesson 2-31 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Exercise 6 Identifying Reasons for Capitalization Explain why you capitalized or did not capitalize each of the items in Exercise 5. name of an institution name of a person name of a building names of a newspaper and a magazine names of languages 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

51. 51 Lesson 2-32 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Exercise 7 Capitalizing Proper Nouns Rewrite each sentence, correcting all errors in capitalization. 1.Early in the Seventeenth Century, king james I of England gave a trading company the right to send settlers to live in what would become north america. Early in the seventeenth century, King James I of England gave a trading company the right to send settlers to live in what would become North America.

52. 52 Lesson 2-33 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Exercise 7 Capitalizing Proper Nouns (cont.) Rewrite each sentence, correcting all errors in capitalization. 2.The settlers, among them captain John Smith, set sail in the Company’s ships, the godspeed, the discovery, and the susan constant. The settlers, among them Captain John Smith, set sail in the company’s ships, the Godspeed, the Discovery, and the Susan Constant.

53. 53 Lesson 2-34 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Exercise 7 Capitalizing Proper Nouns (cont.) Rewrite each sentence, correcting all errors in capitalization. 3.After crossing the atlantic ocean, the Settlers founded jamestown, Virginia, the first permanent British settlement in north america. After crossing the Atlantic Ocean, the settlers founded Jamestown, Virginia, the first permanent British settlement in North America.

54. 54 Lesson 2-35 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Exercise 7 Capitalizing Proper Nouns (cont.) Rewrite each sentence, correcting all errors in capitalization. 4.In 1619 a ship owned by holland brought the first africans to the colonies in america. 5.The pilgrims, a group of English puritans, landed a good distance North of Virginia, in present-day massachusetts, in december of 1620. In 1619 a ship owned by Holland brought the first Africans to the colonies in America. The Pilgrims, a group of English Puritans, landed a good distance north of Virginia, in present-day Massachusetts in December of 1620.

55. 55 Lesson 2 Close Briefly write about how you can use these capitalization rules in your other classes. Think about science and social studies classes in particular and share your conclusions with a partner. Close

56. End of Lesson 2 Click the mouse button to return to the Contents slide.

57. 57 To learn to recognize proper adjectives  Lesson 3-1 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. To capitalize proper adjectives correctly in writing Objectives

58. 58 Lesson 3-2 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Capitalize proper adjectives (adjectives formed from proper nouns).  Most proper adjectives fit into the following categories:  1.Adjectives formed from names of people  Capitalization of Proper Adjectives –Napoleonic era  –Victorian customs  –Georgian architecture  –Jacksonian ideals  –Marxist revolutionary  –Dickensian character

59. 59 Lesson 3-3 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Capitalization of Proper Adjectives (cont.) 2. Adjectives formed from place names and names of national, ethnic, and religious groups  –Chinese acupuncture  –Saharan winds  –Midwestern accent  –European languages  –Hispanic studies  –Israeli dances  –Norwegian accent  –Buddhist temple

60. 60 Lesson 3-4 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Many proper nouns do not undergo a change in form when they are used as adjectives.  Capitalization of Proper Adjectives (cont.) –United Nations calendar  –New Orleans cooking  –Beethoven sonata  –Kodak camera  –Thanksgiving dinner  –Passover meal  –Monday night  –Republican victory

61. 61 Lesson 3-8 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Form a proper adjective from each of the proper nouns listed below. Exercise 8 Using Proper Adjectives 1.Thomas Jefferson 2.Guatemala 3.Pablo Picasso 4.South America 5.Alaska Jeffersonian Guatemalan Picasso South American Alaskan

62. 62 Lesson 3-8 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Rewrite each sentence, correcting all errors in capitalization. Exercise 9 Capitalizing Proper Adjectives and Proper Nouns 1.Kathleen Battle, a talented contemporary american Opera singer, is celebrated for the purity of her voice. Kathleen Battle, a talented contemporary American opera singer, is celebrated for the purity of her voice.

63. 63 Lesson 3-8 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Rewrite each sentence, correcting all errors in capitalization. Exercise 9 Capitalizing Proper Adjectives and Proper Nouns (cont.) 2.Born in the City of Cleveland, Ohio, she studied at the College Conservatory of music at the university of Cincinnati. Born in the city of Cleveland, Ohio, she studied at the College Conservatory of Music at the University of Cincinnati.

64. 64 Lesson 3-8 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Rewrite each sentence, correcting all errors in capitalization. Exercise 9 Capitalizing Proper Adjectives and Proper Nouns (cont.) 3.In addition to being one of the favorite Sopranos at the Metropolitan Opera House in New York city, she has won ovations in many european Opera Houses. In addition to being one of the favorite sopranos at the Metropolitan Opera House in New York City, she has won ovations in many European opera houses.

65. 65 Lesson 3-8 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Rewrite each sentence, correcting all errors in capitalization. Exercise 9 Capitalizing Proper Adjectives and Proper Nouns (cont.) 4.Battle is best known for her roles in mozart operas, including the magic flute. 5.She has worked closely in many Concerts and on many Musical Recordings with James Levine, a well-known Conductor. Battle is best known for her roles in Mozart operas, including The Magic Flute. She has worked closely in many concerts and on many musical recordings with James Levine, a well-known conductor.

66. 66 Lesson 3-5 Capitalization of Proper Adjectives Continued on next slide.

67. 67 Lesson 3-6 Capitalization of Proper Adjectives (cont.) Continued on next slide.

68. 68 Lesson 3-6 Capitalization of Proper Adjectives (cont.)

69. 69 Lesson 3-8 Exercise 10 Using Correct Capitalization in a Dialogue Write several sentences of dialogue between you and a friend about a country you would like to visit and the sights you would like to see. Use a variety of proper nouns and proper adjectives. Capitalize all sentences, quotations, proper nouns, and proper adjectives correctly.

70. 70 Lesson 3-8 Exercise 11 Identifying Correct Capitalization Circle the letter of the one item that is correctly capitalized in each of the following pairs. 1.a.James Baldwin wrote, “one cannot deny the humanity of another without diminishing one’s own.” b.James Baldwin wrote, “One cannot deny the humanity of another without diminishing one’s own.” 2.a.university of California b.University of California Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.

71. 71 Lesson 3-8 Exercise 11 Identifying Correct Capitalization (cont.) Circle the letter of the one item that is correctly capitalized in each of the following pairs. 3.a.General George Patton b.general George Patton 4.a.The English stage actress Rachel Kempson is the mother of Vanessa and Lynn Redgrave. b.The English stage actress Rachel Kempson is the Mother of Vanessa and Lynn Redgrave. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.

72. 72 Lesson 3-8 Exercise 11 Identifying Correct Capitalization (cont.) Circle the letter of the one item that is correctly capitalized in each of the following pairs. 5.a.Georgia O’Keeffe’s painting New York night is done mostly in dark colors. b.Georgia O’Keeffe’s painting New York Night is done mostly in dark colors. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

73. 73 Lesson 3 Close Summarize briefly the rules for capitalizing proper adjectives. Write a paragraph about a trip that you have been on or would like to take. Practice using proper adjectives correctly. Exchange paragraphs with a partner and check each other’s work. Close

74. End of Lesson 3 Click the mouse button to return to the Contents slide.

75. 75 Grammar Review 1 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Capitalization Immortalized in Garrison Keillor’s radio show A Prairie Home Companion is the fictional town of Lake Wobegon.  Keillor’s book Lake Wobegon Days grew out of the radio show.  As you read the Literature Model on pages 724–725 of your textbook, notice that the passage from Keillor’s book has been annotated to show some of the rules of capitalization covered in this unit.

76. 76 Grammar Review 2 Capitalization (cont.) Read the passage carefully before proceeding with the review exercises on the following slides.

77. 77 Grammar Review 3 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Review: Exercise 1 Capitalizing Sentences For each sentence below, find the words with capitalization errors and write them correctly. If a sentence has no errors, write correct. 1.Lake Wobegon has been called “The little town that time forgot.” 2.Keillor claims the town is not on any map because of surveying errors. (it is supposedly in central Minnesota.) Lake Wobegon has been called “the little town that time forgot.” Keillor claims the town is not on any map because or surveying errors. (It is supposedly in central Minnesota.)

78. 78 Grammar Review 4 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Review: Exercise 1 Capitalizing Sentences (cont.) For each sentence below, find the words with capitalization errors and write them correctly. If a sentence has no errors, write correct. 3.One explorer thought Lake Wobegon was the headwaters of the Mississippi River. 4.A statue of an unknown Norwegian Settler is a major landmark. correct A statue of an unknown Norwegian settler is a major landmark.

79. 79 Grammar Review 5 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Review: Exercise 1 Capitalizing Sentences (cont.) For each sentence below, find the words with capitalization errors and write them correctly. If a sentence has no errors, write correct. 5.There is also a stone carved with Viking runes. (runes are old alphabetical symbols.) There is also a stone carved with Viking runes. (Runes are old alphabetical symbols.)

80. 80 Grammar Review 6 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Review: Exercise 2 Capitalizing Proper Adjectives and Proper Nouns For each of the following sentences, find the words that contain errors in capitalization and write them correctly. If a sentence has no errors, write correct. 1.Though lake wobegon characters seem ordinary, many famous americans, both real and imaginary, have minnesota roots. Though Lake Wobegon characters seem ordinary, many famous Americans, both real and imaginary, have Minnestoa roots.

81. 81 Grammar Review 7 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Review: Exercise 2 Capitalizing Proper Adjectives and Proper Nouns For each of the following sentences, find the words that contain errors in capitalization and write them correctly. If a sentence has no errors, write correct. 2.Sinclair Lewis, a nobel prize winner, set his novel babbitt in a town that resembled his birthplace, sauk Centre. Sinclair Lewis, a Nobel Prize winner, set his novel Babbit in a town that resembled his birthplace, Sauk Centre.

82. 82 Grammar Review 8 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Review: Exercise 2 Capitalizing Proper Adjectives and Proper Nouns For each of the following sentences, find the words that contain errors in capitalization and write them correctly. If a sentence has no errors, write correct. 3.Charles Lindbergh, a minnesota native of swedish descent, made the first solo flight across the atlantic ocean. Charles Lindbergh, a Minnesota native of Swedish descent, made the first solo flight across the Atlantic Ocean.

83. 83 Grammar Review 9 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Review: Exercise 2 Capitalizing Proper Adjectives and Proper Nouns For each of the following sentences, find the words that contain errors in capitalization and write them correctly. If a sentence has no errors, write correct. 4.The Mayo Clinic founders, Drs. Charles and William Mayo, established their famous hospital in Minnesota. 5.The Minnesota-born actress and singer Judy Garland won worldwide popularity as Dorothy in The Wizard of Oz. correct

84. 84 Grammar Review 10 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Review: Exercise 3 Proofreading The following passage describes the artist Grant Wood, whose painting appears on page 727 of your textbook. Rewrite the passage, correcting the errors in spelling, capitalization, grammar, and usage. Add any missing punctuation. There are five errors. 1 Grant Wood (1892–1941) was born on a farm outside the small town of anamosa, Iowa. 2 He studied at the Handicraft Guild in Minneapolis and at the Art institute of Chicago. 3 Before he began militery service in 1918, he worked as a schoolteacher, an interior decorator and a metalworker. 4 After World war I ended, he returned to Iowa to teach Art.

85. 85 Grammar Review 11 Review: Exercise 3 Proofreading (cont.) The following passage describes the artist Grant Wood, whose painting appears on page 727 of your textbook. Rewrite the passage, correcting the errors in spelling, capitalization, grammar, and usage. Add any missing punctuation. There are five errors. 1 Grant Wood (1892–1941) was born on a farm outside the small town of Anamosa, Iowa. 2 He studied at the Handicraft Guild in Minneapolis and at the Art Institute of Chicago. 3 Before he began military service in 1918, he worked as a schoolteacher, an interior decorator, and a metalworker. 4 After World War I ended, he returned to Iowa to teach art.

86. 86 Grammar Review 12 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Review: Exercise 4 Mixed Review For each of the following sentences, find the words that contain errors in capitalization and write the words correctly. If a sentence has no errors, write correct. 1.Garrison Keillor was born in 1942 in Anoka county, Minnesota, to parents of scottish descent. 2.After finishing High School, he entered the University of Minnesota. (he earned a degree in english in 1966.) Garrison Keillor was born in 1942 in Anoka County, Minnesota, to parents of Scottish descent. After finishing high school, he entered the University of Minnesota. (He earned a degree in English in 1966.)

87. 87 Grammar Review 13 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Review: Exercise 4 Mixed Review (cont.) For each of the following sentences, find the words that contain errors in capitalization and write the words correctly. If a sentence has no errors, write correct. 3.Keillor had written earlier for the Anoka herald, and he became Editor of the literary magazine at the University. Keillor had written earlier for the Anoka Herald, and he became editor of the literary magazine at the university.

88. 88 Grammar Review 14 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Review: Exercise 4 Mixed Review (cont.) For each of the following sentences, find the words that contain errors in capitalization and write the words correctly. If a sentence has no errors, write correct. 4.Hoping to work as a journalist, Keillor went East to New York after college, but he soon returned to minnesota. Hoping to work as a journalist, Keillor went east to New York after college, but he soon returned to Minnesota.

89. 89 Grammar Review 15 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Review: Exercise 4 Mixed Review (cont.) For each of the following sentences, find the words that contain errors in capitalization and write the words correctly. If a sentence has no errors, write correct. 5.in 1974 he sold a story about the Grand ole Opry to the New Yorker for $6,000 (More money than he had ever seen). In 1974 he sold a story about the Grand Ole Opry to the New Yorker for $6,000 (more money than he had ever seen).

90. 90 Grammar Review Close List the types of capitalization errors that you most commonly make. Using what you have learned in this unit, how can you improve your writing in the future? What strategies can you employ to correct these errors? Close

91. End of Grammar Review Click the mouse button to return to the Contents slide.

92. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. One of the most famous quotations in Hamlet is “To thine own self be true.” My aunt calls this advice “words to live by.” DLP Transparency 1

93. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. After Thomas Jefferson served as president, he went home to Monticello and worked on designs for the University of Virginia. Edgar Allan Poe, who wrote the story “The Pit and the Pendulum,” attended that university. DLP Transparency 2

94. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. The Greek philosopher Socrates developed a method of teaching called the Socratic method. An Aristotelian person is one who, like Aristotle, thinks practically. Explorations of morality are at the heart of Christian, Confucian, Islamic, and Jewish thought. DLP Transparency 3

95. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. These words are the first words of sentences. BR Transparency 1

96. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. My doctor is Dr. Cooper. He went to medical school at the University of Oregon on the West Coast. BR Transparency 2

97. The Japanese language uses both Chinese characters and Japanese characters. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. BR Transparency 3

98. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Aunt Mary correct Dr. Miller correct UCLA Nobel Prize TMSD Transparency 2a

99. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Southwest correct Northeast TMSD Transparency 2b

100. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. correct Algebra II the Boston Globe correct French 201 TMSD Transparency 2c

101. Writing Application 1 In “Skeletons in the Attic,” Clara Spotted Elk describes how Native Americans regained the skeletal remains of their ancestors. As you read the passage below, pay special attention to the use of capitalization.  Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Millions of American Indians lived in this country when Columbus first landed on our shores. After the western expansion, only 250,000 Indians survived. What happened to the remains of these people who were decimated by the advance of the white man? Many are gathering dust in American museums. In 1985, I and some Northern Cheyenne chiefs visited the attic of the Smithsonian’s Natural History Museum in Washington, D.C., to review the inventory of their Cheyenne collection. After a chance inquiry, a curator pulled out a drawer in one of the scores of cabinets that line the attic. There were the jumbled bones of an Indian. “A Kiowa,” he said. Capitalization in Writing

102. Writing Application 2 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Capitalize proper nouns that name monuments, bridges, buildings, and other structures. Do not capitalize common nouns unless they are part of a proper noun.  Like Clara Spotted Elk, you should apply the rules of capitalization when you write and revise your own work.  –PROPER NOUN the attic of the Smithsonian’s Natural History Museum –COMMON NOUN the attic of the museum Techniques with Capitalization

103. Writing Application 3 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Capitalize adjectives formed from proper nouns but not those formed from common nouns.  –PROPER ADJECTIVE Cheyenne collection –COMMON ADJECTIVE chance inquiry Techniques with Capitalization

104. Writing Application 4 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Practice Practice the rules of capitalization by revising the following paragraph. (You will need to capitalize twenty-four additional words.) The explorer christopher columbus landed on what is now the island of san salvador in the late fifteenth century. Although he thought he had landed in india (because he thought so, he mistakenly called the people he found indians), he really landed in the bahamas, a chain of islands, cays, and reefs lying southeast of florida. At the time, the continent of north america was home for a wide array of independent cultural groups. since that time, archaeologists have discovered artifacts left by these pre-Columbian (that is, “before columbus”) societies. Some of these artifacts are displayed in natural history museums such as the museum of natural history in new york city. Federal agencies such as the national park service in the department of the interior also house native american collections.

105. Writing Application 5 Practice The explorer Christopher Columbus landed on what is now the island of San Salvador in the late fifteenth century. Although he thought he had landed in India (because he thought so, he mistakenly called the people he found Indians), he really landed in the Bahamas, a chain of islands, cays, and reefs lying southeast of Florida. At the time, the continent of North America was home for a wide array of independent cultural groups. Since that time, archaeologists have discovered artifacts left by these pre-Columbian (that is, “before Columbus”) societies. Some of these artifacts are displayed in natural history museums such as the Museum of Natural History in New York city. Federal agencies such as the National Park Service in the Department of the Interior also house Native American collections. Practice the rules of capitalization by revising the following paragraph. (You will need to capitalize twenty-four additional words.)

106. Writing Online Explore online information about the topics introduced in this unit. Click on the Connect button to launch your browser and go to the Writer’s Choice Web site. At this site, you will find unit overviews, interactive activities, and Web sites correlated with the units and lessons in the textbook. When you finish exploring, exit the browser program to return to this presentation. If you experience difficulty connecting to the Web site, manually launch your Web browser and go to http://writerschoice.glencoe.com

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