1. Principles of Environmental Management Overview

2. Environmental Science An interdisciplinary area of study that includes both applied and theoretical aspects of human impact on the environment It involves understanding of scientific principles, economic influences and political action. Ecology, conservation, geography Economics, sociology, political science

3. Environmental Management A systematic approach to minimize the damage created by an organization to the environment in which it operates Involves reducing pollution, waste, and the consumption of natural resources by implementing environmental action plan Environmental policy statement, environmental management system, environmental audit

4. Environmental Studies & Environmental Engineering Environmental Studies incorporates more of the social sciences for understanding human relationships, perceptions and policies towards the environment. Environmental engineering focuses on design and technology for improving environmental quality.

5. Environmental Ethics Branch of philosophy that seeks to define fundamentally what is right and what is wrong, regardless of cultural differences. ex: most culture have reverence for life and hold that all humans have a right to live; therefore it is unethical to deprive an individual of life

6. Morals Reflect the predominant feeling of a culture about ethical issues Ex: it is unethical to kill someone; however, when a country declares war, most of its people accept the necessity of killing the enemy; therefore it is moral thing to do even though ethics says that killing is wrong. There is no such thing as immoral war!

7. Environmental Issues Environmental issues require consideration of ethics and morals.  Food distribution  Population  Pollution

8. Theories of Environmental Responsibility Anthropocentric Biocentric Ecocentric

9. Anthropocentric Human-centered All environmental responsibility is derived from human interest alone Only human beings are morally significant organisms and have direct moral standing

10. Biocentric Life-centered All forms of life have an inherent right to exist Some gives species hierarchy We have greater responsibility to protect animal species than plant species Other determine right based on the harm they do to humans Nothing wrong in killing pest like rat and mosquitoes

11. Ecocentric Environment deserves direct moral consideration and not one that is merely derived from human interests. The environment by itself is considered to be on a moral par with humans.

12. Environmental Attitudes Development ethic Preservation ethic Conservation or management ethic

13. Development ethic Based on individualism or egocentrism Assumes that the human race is and should be the master of nature and that the Earth and its resources exist for our benefits and pleasure

14. Preservation ethic Nature is special in itself Reverence for life and respect the right of all creatures to live, no matter what the social and economic costs.

15. Conservation or Management Ethic Recognizes decent living standards but works toward a balance of resource use and resources availability Balance between total development and absolute preservation.

16. Societal Environmental Ethics The has unlimited reserves of natural resources Unlimited ability to assimilate waste Unlimited ability to accommodate growth Economic growth and resource exploitation

17. Corporate Environmental ethics Legal entities designed to operate at a profit, which is not in itself harmful Stockholders expect an immediate return on their investment, corporations often make decisions based on short-term profitability rather than long term benefit to society Cheaper to dump waste into water bodies than to install a waste water treatment facility

18. Individual Environmental Ethics Environmental problems can be given quick technological fix Many individuals want environmental clean up but do not want to make major changes in lifestyle

19. Environmental Justice Fair treatment, meaning that no group of people, including racial, ethnic, or socioeconomic groups, should bear a disproportionate share of the negative environmental consequences resulting from industrial, municipal and commercial operations or of the execution of laws and policies.