2. What is the core belief of the Enlightenment thinkers?

3. What did Enlightenment ideas encourage the average person to do regarding authority and government?

4. Which enlightenment philosopher had the biggest impact upon Thomas Jefferson and his writing of the Declaration of Independence?

5. What are some of the differences between the Articles of Confederation and the U.S. Constitution?

6. What are the freedoms guaranteed under the First Amendment?

7. How does the U.S. Constitution limit the power of the federal government (regarding creating laws, enforcing laws, and reviewing laws)?

8. Why did the Anti-federalists oppose the ratification of the Constitution?

9. What did the Great Compromise accomplish?

10. What did the Nullification Theory argue regarding States and Federal authority?

11. In the case of Marbury v. Madison what idea was established?

12. What was the case of Dred Scott v. Sandford all about?

13. Why is the era 1824 – 1840 considered the period of Jacksonian Democracy?

14. Why did the Mormon community move to Utah?

15. What was the Second Great Awakening?

16. What did the Establishment Clause declare regarding religion?

17. How did the Civil War impact the economies of the North and South?

18. Describe working conditions in factories:

19. What was the main purpose of the Sherman Anti-trust Act?

20. What was the Populist movement and what was their “platform”?

21. What was Reconstruction, and what did promote?

22. Explain the idea of Social Darwinism:

23. Describe 3 strategies that Andrew Carnegie used to create a monopoly in the Steel Industry

24. During the 19 th century why were many children out of school and working within factories?

25. Why did America’s industry grow at an increasing rate in the early 1900s?

26. What was the goal of the Social Gospel Movement?

27. What did Nativists fear Catholic immigrants?

28. Describe the living conditions of immigrants in cities

29. During the 19 th century why did many cities become divided by ethnicity?

30. What were the problems that plagued urban areas (cities) during the late 19 th century?

31. Why did Urbanization (the creation of major cities) begin to occur during the late 19 th century?

32. What was the goal of the Americanization movement?

33. Describe the goals of political machines and how they operated.

34. Describe literacy tests, grandfather clauses and poll taxes. What was their goal?

35. What was the ruling by the Supreme Court in Plessy v. Ferguson?

36. What was a City Boss and why was this person important to the political machine?

37. What were the impacts of Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle?

38. Define initiative

39. Define referendum

40. Define recall

41. What did the 17 th Amendment establish?

42. How did muckrakers help support the progressive movement?

43. Explain President Wilson’s Federal Reserve System

44. Who are the three progressive presidents?

45. What was the purpose of the Open Door policy?

46. How did the U.S. impact the Panama Revolution?

47. Why was building the Panama Canal important to the United States?

48. How were President Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson similar in their foreign policies?

49. Explain President Roosevelt’s policy of “Speak softly and carry a big stick”.

50. What are the results of the Spanish- American War?

51. What are the three main goals/reasons that stimulated U.S. imperialism?

52. How did the Espionage and Sedition Acts impact freedom of speech?

53. What were the results of the Committee on Public Information (CPI)?

54. How did World War I help women’s suffrage?

55. Why did the majority of U.S. Senators oppose accepting membership in the League of Nations?

56. Why did many African Americans participate in the Great migration to the North during and after World War I?