1. Czars Ultimate Rule 1881 Alexander III comes to power and stops all political reform –_________________________________________

2. Nicolas II 1894 Continues the brutal Autocratic style of his father –_________________________________________ –Around 100 years after the rest of Europe –_________________________________________ What are some effects of Industrialization coming so late to Russia?

3. Marxists Industrial class rise up against the Czar –______________________________________ ___ Workers rule the country

4. the Bolsheviks small Marxist group ____________________ leader = ____________ goal = ______________

5. the Bolsheviks if czar was overthrown, industrial workers could govern Russia

6. Russia & WWI Czar Nicholas II hoped war would unite Russia & stop talk of revolution patriotism increased rapidly

7. Russia & WWI Russia was not ready for war Russia lacked: –_______________________

8. Conditions Worsen ______  Nicholas II took command of Russian military Czarina Alexandra ruled at home –Her main advisor was _________________ –http://www.biography.com/people/rasputin- 9452162/videos/rasputin-royal-healer- 2080081765http://www.biography.com/people/rasputin- 9452162/videos/rasputin-royal-healer- 2080081765 if Russia failed in WWI, so would Nicholas II

9. Revolution Begins _____________________  Petrograd, Russia unhappy citizens marched ____________________ were sympathetic _______________ (Russia’s legislature) defied Nicholas II –March 15, 1917  ___________________

10. Temporary Government Duma established temporary government –_______________________ many Russians didn’t like this government Bolsheviks wanted basic changes –_______________________

11. Bolshevik Revolution mid-1917  _____________________________ ____________________ Russian army was weak & collapsed ______________________  Bolshevik Red Guard attacked Kerensky’s government

12. Bolshevik Revolution Kerensky’s government didn’t put up much of a fight Lenin established radical communist program –_______________________

13. After the Revolution –___________ wanted to end involvement in war ________________ was sent to negotiate with Central Powers Russia lost much land to Central Powers because of lack of strong military –_______________________ –Terms were very humiliating and many Russians object to the Bolsheviks

14. Civil War –opponents of Bolsheviks = ______________ –army leaders –political opponents –wealthy Russians *France & United States supported White Army

15. Civil War Ends –_______________________ –fighting & famine cost millions of lives late 1920  _______________________ 1921  ______________________ : plan permitting some capitalist activity

16. the Soviet Union ______________  economy begun to improve –1922  ________________________________ ________________________________________ ___________________ Became Union of Soviet Socialist Republics ( _________ ) or Soviet Union