1. By Dr. Ahmed Mohsen Hamdan 7th Sept 2014
Pharmacy orientation PPP211 Lec. 1 (Introduction to the pharmacy profession and the future of the pharmacist)
By Dr. Ahmed Mohsen Hamdan
7th Sept 2014

2. Lecture topics Definition of Pharmacy and Drug Scope of Pharmacy.
Naming of Drugs.
Pharmacist career.
Pharmacy Education.
Pharmacy Ethics
Good Dispensing practice.

3. 1. Definition of Pharmacy
Pharmacy: Derived from the Greek word Pharmakon means medicine or drug.
Pharmacy: Is the art and science of preparing, dispensing and proper utilization of medications and the provision of drug-related information to the public.

4. Pharmacy

5. Definition of Drug
According to the FDA (Food and Drug Administration), Drug is:
a substance intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease.

6. Drug The material may be: Natural in origin (plant-animal-minerals).
Synthetic drugs like aspirin.
Semi synthetic like ampicillines.

7. 2- Scope of Pharmacy It involves:
Interpretation of prescription orders
Compounding.
Labeling.
Dispensing of drugs and devices.
Drug product selection and drug utilization reviews.
Patient monitoring and interventions.
Provision of information of medications and devices.

8. 3- Naming of a drug
Chemical name: The name indicating the chemical structure of the drug.
Generic name: The name given to the compound during early investigation.
Official name: The name given to the drug in the pharmacopoeia.
Brand name: Trade name of the drug in the market.

9. How do we name drugs? analgesic compound :
Chemical name :N- acetyl- para- aminophenol
Official name: B.P. 1998: paracetamol.
USP XXII: acetaminophen.
Brand name (Trade name):
Abimol (Glaxo), Paramol (Misr)
Pyral (Kahira), Cetal (Eipico) O OH NH C
CH3

10. 4- Pharmacist Career Community pharmacist Hospital pharmacist
Clinical pharmacist
Industrial pharmacist
Medical representative pharmacist
Academic (research) pharmacist

11. Community Pharmacist
Definition: Pharmacist working in public pharmacy.
Qualifications: Pharmacists must have a bachelor or a doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm.D.), a 4-year professional degree. They also must be licensed, which requires passing many under graduate exams. Pharmacist also must have a language proficiency levels.
Job description:
dispense prescription medications to patients
offer expertise in the safe use of prescriptions.
provide advice on how to lead a healthy lifestyle, conduct health and wellness screenings
provide immunizations
oversee the medications given to patients.
Income

12. Assignment
Do a research and a presentation about other pharmacist career.
The research must include at least the previous items.
The due date is 7th Moharmam 1436 H
Each research consists of a group of 5 students at least.
Each group will present the presentation on the tutorial session separately
Rubrics will be distributed

13. Presentation skills
Sound
Eye contact
Organization
Clear sound
points

14. Pharmacy Education
All faculties of pharmacy adopt 5 program to get B.Sc. pharm or 6 years to get Pharm D. degree
The courses of pharmacy education:
Pharmaceutics, biopharmaceutics and clinical pharmacy
Pharmacognosy
Organic chemistry
Analytical chemistry
Pharmaceutical chemistry
Biochemistry
Microbiology and public health
Pharmacology & toxicology
Clinical Pharmacy
Complementary studies include: Mathematics, management, pharmacy law

15. Types of education necessary for creating a pharmacist
Basic science (Chemistry, Biology, Physics)
Clinical studies.
Technical Skills
Drug information and scientific knowledge
Economic knowledge
Psychological and sociological understanding

16. Aims of Modern pharmaceutical education
Provide scientific background
Provide professional skills and knowledge
Provide business training
Provide broad general education

17. Pharmacy Profession Patient services Drug Services
Direct Activities Indirect activities
- Hospital Pharmacy - Drug promotion
- Clinical Pharmacy - Family planning program
- Community Pharmacy - Dehydration treatment program
- Bio chemical analysis - National Screening
- Microbiological analysis - Preventive Measures
- Immunolgical analysis - For epidemic diseases
Ensure drug quality: Good manufacture practice GMP validation and quality assurance.
The production: of all human dosage forms cosmetics, vaccines, blood products, blood replacements, certain pesticides and veterinary drugs.
Innovating new Drugs
Screening for effect and safety
Analysis
Formulation
In process quality control
Production
Final quality control
Distribution

18. Code of Ethics
Pharmacists are health professional who assist individuals in making the best use of medications
This code states the principles fundamental roles and responsibilities of pharmacists
The principles are:
pharmacists respect relationship between the patient and pharmacist and this occurs by:
Pharmacist has to maintain knowledge
Pharmacist asks for the consultation of colleagues

19. Code of Ethics
Pharmacist promotes the good of every patient in a confidential manner by considering:
Needs stated by the patient
Needs defined by health science
Pharmacist respect autonomy and dignity of each patient.
Autonomy: a pharmacist promotes the rights of self determination by encouraging patient to participate in decisions about their health.
Dignity: in all cases. The pharmacist respects personal and cultural differences among patients.

20. Organizations:
Pharmacist must maintain & develop good pharmaceutical practice by working with national and international organizations.
International organizations:
World Health Organization (W.H.O): It is responsible for health care all over the world.
Food and Drug Administration (F.D.A.): It is responsible for the quality of food and drug in U.S.A
United Nation Division of Narcotic Drugs (UNND) responsible for the regulations concerning the use and abuse of narcotic drugs.
Role of international organizations:
Development of protocols and methodologies
Development of materials and magazines
Exchange of in formations and experiences
Researches for evaluations of medications

21. Organizations Cont… National organizations:
Saudi pharmaceutical society الجمعية الصيدلية السعودية: Responsible for the profession of pharmacy and welfare of pharmacists in Saudi Arabia.
Issues a scientific Journal in pharmaceutical sciences.
Hold conference every two years for pharmacists.
Responsible for Continuing educations
Saudi Society of Hospital Pharmacists: concerned with all aspects of hospital and clinical pharmacists.
National Pharmacopoeia Committee: Responsible for reviewing and updating the pharmacopoeia.

22. Good Dispensing Practice A) Proper labeling

23. Good Dispensing Practice B) Proper Storage
1- Use amber glass bottles for light sensitive drugs such as Acyclovir, Atenolol, Beperidil and Claforan. 2- Use refrigerator for heat sensitive drugs such as Thorazine, Cognitin and Desipramine. 3- Use air tight containers for oxygen sensitive drugs such as Amiodarone, Bleomycin and Cordaron. 4- Use adsorbents for hydrolysable drugs such as Acetaminophen, Amiodarone, Chlorpromazine and Clonidine.

24. Good Dispensing Process
Label it properly and check for expiry data.
Clean and organize the working area.
Proper recording of the drugs (inventory control)

25. Good Dispensing Environment
Dispensing environments must be clean, because most medicinal products are for internal use, making it important that they be hygienic and uncontaminated. The environment must also be organized so that dispensing can be performed accurately and efficiently. The dispensing environment includes: • Staff • Physical surroundings • Shelving and storage areas • Surfaces used during work • Equipment and packaging materials

26. Good Dispensing Person
The dispenser must be: Organized, Knowledgeable, Trained, Honest and Communicative.

27. Thank you