1. Unit 9 – Lesson #1

2. Warm Up!!!  For today’s warm up, please answer the following questions in complete sentences: In two to three complete sentences, explain how trade affects countries. How does trade affect the placement of cities in a country?

3. Did YOU Know?!?  A dragonfly has a lifespan of twenty – four hours.  Nearly a billion people entered the 21 st century unable to read a book or sign their names!  November 29 th is National Sinky Day, which is a day to eat over one’s sink and worship it.  You lose enough dead skin cells in your lifetime to fill eight five – pound flour bags.

4. Major Trade Routes Connect Civilizations of the Eastern Hemisphere  Introduction Between 1000 and 1500, major trade routes were established throughout the Eastern Hemisphere (Asia, Europe, and Africa) causing: ○ Japan to develop into a distinct nation. ○ China to become a military and economic power.

5. Introduction, Continued ○ Trade in northern and western Africa to expand dramatically. ○ Increased trade between East and West. While maintaining different cultural aspects, civilizations across the Eastern Hemisphere were linked by a complex pattern of trade routes and shared accomplishments.

6. Major Trade Routes Silk Road ○ This overland trade route was used to move goods from the Mediterranean cultures across Mesopotamia, Persia (Iran) and Central Asia to China and back. Products like silk, paper (money), porcelain, and textiles were traded. Compass (invented in China) – aided with navigation. Printing – First movable type printing press made in China.

7. Trade Routes – Silk Road

8. Indian Ocean Maritime Trade ○ Sea trade around India linked East Africa, southern Arabia, the Persian Gulf, India, Southeast Asia, and China. Products like spices, textiles, and new crops (grains and sugarcane) were traded. Lateen sails – Triangle-shaped sails which help a ship maneuver more effectively into the wind. Hinduism and Buddhism from India to Southeast Asia

9. Trade Routes – Maritime Trade Routes

10. Trans – Saharan Trade ○T○Trade across the Sahara desert between the Mediterranean basin and sub-Saharan Africa. Annual trade caravans (camel) traveled from the western parts of Africa to supply gold to the Mediterranean economies. Traders from the Mediterranean would supply salt in return for gold. -S-Salt was used for the preservation of foods along the trade routes.

11. Trade Routes – Trans – Saharan Trade

12. Did YOU Know?!?  More boys than girls are born during the day; more girls are born at night.  From the age of thirty, humans gradually shrink in size.  In Tokyo, they sell toupees for dogs!  Club direct, a travel insurance company in Britain, provides insurance plans for protection from falling coconuts.

14. European Trade ○ Throughout Europe, many trade routes were established in Northern and Western Europe to connect these regions to the already well established trade centers along the Mediterranean Sea. Those settled north of the Black Sea traded through port cities on the Black Sea to gain access to the Mediterranean trade markets (N. Africa, Europe, and the Middle East). In Western Europe, coastal cities on the North Sea and the Baltic Sea formed trade alliances (Hanseatic League) to keep trade consistent and fair. Rivers throughout Europe allowed for cities and communities to be a part of the coastal trading networks.

15. European Trade

16. Southeast Asian Trade Southeast Asian Trade ○ Trade between China and civilizations south was made possible because of port cities on the South China Sea. ○ Port cities on the South China Sea were also common stops along the spice trade from India.

17. Trade Routes – Southeast Asia

18. ○J○Japan is located just off the mainland of China and Korea. Chinese and Korean traders traveled to Japan. Spread of Chinese culture. -B-Buddhism -G-Goods (silk, porcelain, paper) -A-Art and Architecture

19. Trade Routes – Japan & China