2. Unit 12 Unit1

3. Pre-reading Activities - Audiovisual supplement 1 Audiovisual supplement Cultural information Watch the video and answer the following questions. 1. Why did the kids play such tricks on the lady? They don’t like the lady. Sometimes children will become brattish if their parents do not teach them about right and wrong. 2. If you were the parent of this kind of children, what would you teach your children? Open.

4. Pre-reading Activities - Audiovisual supplement 2 Audiovisual supplement Cultural information

5. Video Script1 Audiovisual supplement Cultural information Mrs. Quickly:I remember observing that very characteristic on the sad day we buried Mr. Quickly. Even in my demented grief, I said to my friend Letitia Carter... Remember her? A pinker complexion than my own. She takes too much sun for her age. Anyway, I said, “Kindness seems to be second nature to him. He is a perfect gentleman. There’s something so masculine and yet retiring in his manner...” Oh! Ah! Mr. Brown! A moment, I pray you.

6. Video Script2 Audiovisual supplement Cultural information Mr. Brown: Mrs. Quickly: Mr. Brown: Mrs. Quickly: I did beg your pardon. I didn’t know what came over me. I do. I understand. I never took you for such. But now I see it. Passion is clearly your nature, too. I feel it. Who would have thought we were such kindred spirits? Passion is my life. In fact, Mr. Brown, what is life without it? Er... A grey wheel of habit, spinning idly on. Mmm!

7. Video Script3 Audiovisual supplement Cultural information Mr. Brown: Mrs. Quickly: Mr. Brown: Mrs. Quickly: Mr. Brown: This is no time for food, Mrs. Quickly! I couldn’t possibly swallow it under the circumstances. You are tempestuous, Mr. Brown. Tea? Yes, tea. We must blanket the raw impulse with that reliable beverage. That’s a nice bit of porcelain. Is that Spode? I like a bit of Spode. Tasteful. Anyway, so essential for upholding the normal... Don’t! You don’t want that!

8. Cultural information 1 Audiovisual supplement Cultural information The sooner you treat your son as a man, the sooner he will be one. — William John Locke 1. Quote

9. Cultural information 2 Audiovisual supplement Cultural information 2. Moral Intelligence: Parents Do Make a Difference Young adolescence can be a troubling time. There are scores of disturbing indicators to prove it including the steady rise of impulsivity, depression, suicide, violence, peer cruelty, and substance abuse. In addition we are seeing a growing rise in disrespect for authority, incivility, vulgarity, cheating and dishonesty. We’ve been relentless in our efforts to make a change. But in all our interventions the one area often overlooked is the moral intelligence of the young adolescent. Moral intelligence consists of the personal,

10. social, mental, emotional, and moral skills that make up solid character and guide moral behaviours. It is the capacity to understand right from wrong. It means to have strong ethical convictions and to act on them so that one behaves in the right and honourable way. Moral intelligence is what a young adolescent needs most to counter negative pressures and do what’s right with or without adult guidance. Cultivating moral intelligence may well be our best hope. The latest research confirms strong moral character can be learned and how teaching it can enhance our students’ Cultural information 3 Audiovisual supplement Cultural information

11. Cultural information 4 Audiovisual supplement Cultural information pro-social behaviours and replace negative ones. However, teachers are not their students’ most powerful moral instructors — parents are. Unfortunately, parents often don’t use their influence due to misconceptions.

12. Global Reading - Main idea 1 Main idea Structural analysis In this piece of argumentative writing, the author first states an obvious fact: the in American society which involves American children has “.” Then she supplies readers with substantial statistics and evidence to show is manifested in various ways in schools and society, from the increasing rates to widespread and commonplace. The author describes the frantic the nation has made how the problem of American children __________________________________________ crisis ______ shaken, deeply worried, and in search of answers left us ______________________________________________________ _______ homicide and suicide _______________________ cheating _________ dishonesty ___________ efforts _______

13. Global Reading - Main idea 2 Main idea Structural analysis as a reaction to the problem. However, she regrettably concludes that. What is critically needed, in her opinion, is to. Such enhancement depends on our effort to. the crisis remains ___________________ enhance children’s moral strength ___________________________ _________ help children not only think morally, but also act morally ______________________________________________________________

14. Structural analysis 1 Main idea Structural analysis 1. What’s the language style of the text? This piece of argumentative writing, short as it is, bears some distinctive features of a research paper, but the absence of academic terminology makes it more accessible to the general public. 2. How does the author present her argument? The author presents her argument clearly and logically with either supportive statistics or quotations of identified sources.

15. Structural analysis 2 Main idea Structural analysis ParagraphsMain idea 1 2 It presents the crisis and the reasons why it needs to be tackled immediately. 3. Summarize the main idea of each paragraph. It supplies some official data from the American Academy of Pediatrics and statistical evidence to prove the acuteness of the crisis.

16. Structural analysis 3 Main idea Structural analysis ParagraphsMain idea 3 4 5 It provides many signs of children’s misconduct which the author calls “equally horrifying” at the end of the preceding paragraph. It tells the reader that the nation is really alarmed. The author points out what is further needed.

17. Structural analysis 4 Main idea Structural analysis ParagraphsMain idea 6 It projects the prospect of our effort to tackle the crisis and reiterates the importance of enhancing children’s moral intelligence.

18. Detailed reading1 Detailed reading Michele Borba The Importance of Moral Intelligence in Children There is a clear and pressing crisis in today’s society, one that involves our most cherished possession: our children. Everyone agrees there is a problem: lawmakers, doctors, clergy, businesspeople, educators, parents, and the general public alike have voiced their concerns. And concerned as all should be. Each day’s news adds a growing litany of shocking tragedies and statistics about American kids, and they’ve left us shaken, deeply worried, and in search of answers. 1

19. Detailed reading2 Detailed reading By far our biggest worry is youth violence, and that alone should warrant a national declaration of emergency. Although the hard data on youth crime and violence show a recent decline, there is little cause for comfort: the American Academy of Pediatrics reports that the United States has the highest youth homicide and suicide rates among the twenty-six wealthiest nations in the world. In fact, our kids are ten times more likely to commit murder than comparably aged youths in Canada. Perhaps most disturbing is that our killers are getting younger and younger. As I write, this week a six-year-old intentionally 2

20. Detailed reading3 Detailed reading suffocated her three-year-old brother with the help of her five-year-old friend. Just months earlier, a six-year- old boy settled a schoolyard score by killing his first- grade classmate with a.32 semiautomatic. Each incident is unthinkable, yet others equally horrifying follow. There are other signs that stir our national conscience as well. Peer cruelty is steadily increasing: an estimated 160,000 children each day miss school for fear of being picked on by their peers, and, considering the accessibility of weapons, the potential for physical injury is high. Other disturbing indicators include substance 3

21. Detailed reading4 Detailed reading abuse among younger kids; the growing disrespect for parents, teachers, and other legitimate authority figures; the rise of incivility; the increase of vulgarity; and widespread cheating and commonplace dishonesty. A recent national survey of 10,000 high school students revealed that nearly half admit they stole something from a store in the previous year; one in four said they would lie to get a job; and seven in ten admitted to cheating in an exam within the previous twelve months. Heavy alcohol and drug use is increasing among our younger kids;

22. recent studies found 22 percent of fifth graders have been drunk at least once, and the average age at which a child first uses marijuana is twelve. In two decades, the number of diagnoses of hyperactivity and attention deficits has risen 700 percent. In the last four decades, adolescent suicide in our country has increased 300 percent, and depression has risen 1,000 percent. These statistics are especially frightening when you consider that in one survey, over one-half of American teenagers reported they can get a gun in an hour and one in four high school students say they took a weapon to school at least once in the past year. Our kids are troubled and our crisis continues. Detailed reading5 Detailed reading

23. These episodes and statistics distress us, of course, and as a nation we are reacting in alarm: school officials have installed metal detectors and sophisticated cameras to heighten security; moms marched on Washington for stricter gun control; the president of the United States called for emergency summit meetings of congressional leaders; some parents have started charter schools, while others have opted for home schoolings; lawmakers passed laws to prosecute juveniles as adults, and the courts sentenced them as such. We’ve tried an endless variety of educational strategies as well: teachers have taught self- esteem and conflict resolution skills, and counselors have 4 Detailed reading6 Detailed reading

24. Detailed reading7 Detailed reading addressed social skills and anger management. Individual states have implemented retention policies, lowered class sizes, and boosted academic standards. Psychologists have even developed complete new theories: Howard Gardner revolutionized our understanding of children’s cognitive capacities with his view of multiple intelligences, as Daniel Goleman did in transforming our awareness of emotional intelligence.

25. Detailed reading8 Detailed reading Despite our frantic efforts, however, the crisis remains, and we know so because our children are still hurting. That’s because we have missed one critical piece: the moral side of our children’s lives. It is moral strength that kids need most to keep their ethical bearings in this often morally toxic world. Moral issues haven’t been completely overlooked: the work of Jean Piaget and Lawrence Kohlberg has helped us understand the stages of children’s moral reasoning; William Bennett provided literature anthologies to cultivate kids’ moral imaginations; William Kilpatrick’s book, Why Johnny Can’t Tell Right from Wrong, 5

26. Detailed reading9 Detailed reading offered ways to engage our youth in moral reflection. But in these troubling times, parents need far more if they are to succeed in helping their kids not only think morally but also act morally, and unless children know how to act right, their moral development is defective. After all, we’ve always known that the true measure of character rests in our actions — not in mere thoughts.

27. Detailed reading10 Detailed reading Enhancing our children’s moral intelligence is our best hope for getting our kids on the right course so that they do act as well as think right. It’s also our best hope for their developing the traits of solid character. In his book The Moral Intelligence of Children, Robert Coles wrote of the urgent need to address this crucial aptitude in our children. Developing this miraculous moral capacity in your child is the best way to protect his moral life now and forever. 6

28. Why does the author consider the issue as “a clear and pressing crisis”? Detailed reading1--Quesion 1 Because the problem involves our most cherished possession: our children. And it arouses the concern of everybody — lawmakers, doctors, clergy, businesspeople, educators, parents, and the general public alike. Detailed reading

29. 1. Why does the author say “youth violence alone should warrant a national declaration of emergency”? Detailed reading1--Quesion 2 The author says so because of two startling pieces of evidence: the first is the highest youth homicide and suicide rates among the twenty-six wealthiest nations in the world; the second is that killers are getting younger and younger. Detailed reading

30. 2. What particular cases of killing are mentioned in this paragraph? Detailed reading1--Quesion 3 Two cases of killing are mentioned in the paragraph: a six-year-old intentionally suffocated her three-year-old brother with the help of her five-year-old friend and a six-year-old boy settled a schoolyard score by killing his first-grade classmate with a 32 semiautomatic. Detailed reading

31. 1. What are the major disturbing signs the author mentions in this paragraph? Detailed reading1--Quesion 4 The major disturbing signs mentioned in this paragraph include increasing peer cruelty, easy accessibility to weapons, the growing disrespect for parents, teachers and other legitimate authority figures, the increase of vulgarity, widespread cheating and dishonesty, and heavy alcohol and drug use. Detailed reading

32. 2. What are the disturbing indicators in children’s psychological and emotional dimension? Detailed reading1--Quesion 5 In two decades, the number of diagnoses of hyperactivity and attention deficits has risen 700 percent. In the last four decades, adolescent suicide in our country has increased 300 percent, and depression has risen 1,000 percent. Detailed reading

33. 1. What education strategies have been tried on the matter, in addition to heightening security? Detailed reading1--Quesion 6 Teachers have taught self-esteem and conflict resolution skills, and counselors have addressed social skills and anger management. Individual states have implemented retention policies, lowered class sizes, and boosted academic standards. Detailed reading

34. 2. How have parents reacted to the continuing crisis? Detailed reading1--Quesion 7 Mothers marched on Washington for stricter gun control; some parents have started charter schools, while others have opted for home schoolings. Detailed reading

35. 1. How does the author evaluate the efforts people have made to cope with the crisis? Detailed reading1--Quesion 8 Obviously, the author is not quite satisfied with the result of these “frantic efforts”, because “the crisis remains, and … our children are still hurting.” In her view one critical piece has been missed — the moral side of children’s lives. Detailed reading

36. 2. Why does the author cite a number of people’s works in this paragraph? Detailed reading1--Quesion 9 The author cites these works to prove that the moral side of children’s life has not been completely overlooked. More importantly, the author hopes to emphasize that more efforts are needed and the true measure of character rests in our actions — not in mere thoughts. Detailed reading

37. What do the expressions “the traits of solid character,” “this crucial aptitude” and “this miraculous moral capacity” refer to? Detailed reading1--Quesion 10 These three expressions all refer to moral intelligence as mentioned at the beginning of this paragraph. The author uses such modifiers as “urgent”, “crucial”, and “miraculous” to underscore the importance of children’s moral intelligence. Detailed reading

38. cherish v. look after sb. or sth. because you love them very much Detailed reading1– cherish e.g. The old man cherished the girl as if she were his daughter. He was obsessed with his model airplanes, seeing them as things to be cherished and loved. Derivation: cherishable a. Detailed reading

39. tragedy v. a very sad event that causes people to suffer or die Detailed reading1– tragedy e.g. Hamlet is one of Shakespeare’s best known tragedies. The measures were designed to prevent any similar tragedies. Derivation: tragic a. tragically ad. Antonym: comedy Detailed reading

40. emergency n. unexpected situation involving danger in which immediate action is necessary Detailed reading1– emergency e.g. You should only use this door in an emergency. The rioting grew worse and the government declared a state of emergency. Derivation: emergent a. Synonym: exigency Detailed reading

41. commit oneself on sth. give one’s opinion openly so that it is difficult to change it commit sb. for sth. send sb. to a higher court to be tried commit v. do sth. illegal or morally wrong Detailed reading1– commit e.g. The study aims to find out what makes people commit crimes. It’s not sure yet whether she died naturally or committed suicide. Derivation: commitment n. Detailed reading Collocation:

42. choke; stifle suffocate v. die or cause to die from lack of air or inability to breathe Detailed reading1– suffocate e.g. Passengers suffocated in the burning aircraft. Don’t let your child play with plastic bags which could suffocate him. Derivation: suffocating a. suffocation n. Detailed reading Synonym:

43. conscience n. the idea and principles of moral behaviour that the members of a community or group share Detailed reading1– conscience e.g. After she had committed the crime, her conscience was troubled. She cheerfully cheats and lies; she’s got no conscience at all. Collocation: in all conscience by any reasonable standard on one’s conscience making one feel one has done wrong, or left sth. undone Detailed reading

44. estimate v. form an approximate idea of sth.; calculate roughly the cost, size, value, etc. of sth. Detailed reading1– estimate e.g. We estimated his income to be about $ 5,000 a year. We have not estimated the proper price for the contract yet. Derivation: estimation n. Detailed reading Synonym: evaluate

45. vulgarity n. vulgar quality or behaviour Detailed reading1– vulgarity e.g.He hated that world of money and vulgarity. Derivation: vulgar a. vulgarize v. Detailed reading Synonym: rudeness; misbehavior

46. distress v. make sb. feel upset Detailed reading1– distress e.g. We are distressed to find that the children had not returned. I didn’t wish to distress you any further but I must ask you a few questions about the accident. Synonym: upset Detailed reading

47. Detailed reading1-- call for 1 call for say publicly that sth. must happen e.g. The situation calls for prompt action. The international organization has consistently called for the release of political prisoners. Collocation: call sb. / sth. off order to stop attacking, searching, etc.; cancel or abandon sth. call on / upon sb. formally invite or request sb. to speak, etc.; appeal to or urge sb. to do sth. call up telephone sb.; bring sth. back to one’s mind Detailed reading

48. 1. I now the chairman to address the meeting. 2. The match was because of the bad weather. 3. This sort of work a lot of patience. 4. This song memories of my childhood. Detailed reading1– call for 2 Exercise: Choose a phrase in its proper form to fill in each blank in the following sentences. call for call off call up call upon call upon __________ Detailed reading called off __________ calls for _________ calls up _________

49. opt v. make a choice or decision from a range of possibilities Detailed reading1– opt e.g. Fewer students are opting for science courses nowadays. Most viewers are consistently opting for light- hearted TV instead of serious documentaries. Collocation: opt for to make a choice opt out to choose not to do something or take part in something Detailed reading

50. address vt. speak publicly to a group of people Detailed reading1– address e.g. The chairman will now address the meeting. Addressing a crowd of over 3,000 angry union members, Sir Alex said that a pay deal was in sight. Detailed reading

51. Antonym: immoral moral a. relating to right and wrong and the way people should behave Detailed reading1– moral e.g. You don’t know all the circumstances of their divorce, so don’t make moral judgments about it. Everything that he writes has a high moral purpose. Derivation: morality n. morally ad. Detailed reading Synonym: virtuous

52. reflection n. careful thought about sth. Detailed reading1– reflection e.g. On reflection I think it would be better to cancel the meeting. After a few moments’ reflection Calvin realized that he was wrong. Derivation: reflect v. reflective a. Detailed reading Synonym: meditation Collocation: on reflection (an idea or statement resulting from) deep and careful thought

53. Detailed reading1– Activity 1 Blank-filling Competition The class is divided into two groups and one representative from each group takes part in the competition. In the left column of the following table, there are some English words and expressions. The students are expected to write the corresponding synonym in the right column. These synonyms should come from paragraphs 1 to 5 of the text. The students have only 12 seconds. The group which can finish writing the words within the given time wins. Detailed reading

54. Detailed reading1– Activity 2 Detailed reading choke evaluate rudeness upset exigency sad event look after virtuous meditation suffocate estimate vulgarity distress emergency tragedy cherish moral reflection

55. crucial a. extremely important Detailed reading1– crucial 1 e.g. Getting this contract is crucial to the future of our company. The crucial factor in their relationship was their unshakeable faith in each other. Derivation: crucially ad. Detailed reading Synonym: important; significant

56. Detailed reading1– crucial 2 Detailed reading The success of this experiment is crucial to the project as a whole. Collocation: crucial to / for sth. very important; decisive e.g.

57. aptitude n. natural ability that makes it easy for one to do sth. well Detailed reading1– aptitude e.g. Does she show any aptitude for games? All applicants are given aptitude test before being invited for an interview. Synonym: talent; capacity Detailed reading She showed great aptitude for learning languages. Collocation: aptitude for sth. / doing sth. natural ability or skill e.g.

58. miraculous a. extremely lucky and unexpected Detailed reading1– miraculous e.g. It’s miraculous how much weight you’ve lost! In the circumstances, the fact that they weren’t both killed is quite miraculous. Derivation: miracle n. miraculously ad. Detailed reading Synonym: wonderful; marvelous

59. capacity n. the ability to do sth. Detailed reading1– capacity e.g. He has an enormous capacity for hard work. Some people have a greater capacity for happiness than others. Collocation: capacity for ability to produce, experience, understand or learn sth. Detailed reading Synonym: ability

60. Detailed reading1– And concerned as all … And concerned as all should be. Explanation: Here “concerned as all should be” is an elliptical sentence. The complete sentence is: “And all are concerned as they should be.” Detailed reading

61. Detailed reading1– settled a schoolyard … … settled a schoolyard score … Explanation: … tried to get even for an old disagreement or grudge that had arisen in school … Detailed reading

62. Detailed reading1– the true measure … … the true measure of character rests in our action — not in mere thoughts. Explanation: … the reliable way of measuring one’s character is by what one does rather than by what only exists in one’s mind. Detailed reading

63. Consolidation Activities- Vocabulary main Phrase practice Word derivation Synonym / Antonym Prefix VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

64. Consolidation Activities- Phrase practice 1 alone: by itself 独自，单独 e.g. The house stands alone in an acre of land. 房子孤零零地坐落在一大片田野间。 The man walking alone in the street is my teacher. 那个独自走在街道上的人是我的老师。 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

65. Consolidation Activities- Phrase practice 2 authority figures: officials and experts 权威人物 e.g. The safest method of reporting news is to reproduce the words of authority figures. 报道新闻最安全的方法是重复权威人物的言辞。 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

66. Consolidation Activities- Phrase practice 3 for fear of: in case of; because of anxiety about 以免，生怕 e.g. He got up very early for fear of being late. 他起得很早以免迟到。 He did not go to school for fear of being punished. 他因害怕被惩罚而没有去学校。 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

67. Consolidation Activities- Phrase practice 4 summit meetings: meetings between top leaders 峰会 e.g. The summit meetings about the environment will be held next month. 有关于环境的峰会将在下个月举行。 The summit meetings held in China ended in a great success. 在中国举行的峰会圆满结束。 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

68. Consolidation Activities- Word derivation 1.1 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words. 1. The accident at the nuclear power station at Chernobyl proved (tragedy) for the people in the surrounding territory. tragic ______ 2. My work involves a lot of (statistics) analysis of data. statistical ___________ 3. Ski instructors should warn beginners to keep off (potential) dangerous slopes. potentially ___________

69. 7. Unsuccessful (implement) of the proposals could have disastrous financial consequences. Consolidation Activities- Word derivation 1.2 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar 4. It was (distress) to see such bloody battle scenes being shown on TV. distressing ___________ 5. The boy’s behaviour is probably a (react) against continual pressure from his parents. reaction _________ 6. Failure to pay the community tax may result in (prosecute) and imprisonment. prosecution _____________ implementation _________________

70. Consolidation Activities- Word derivation 1.3 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar 8. Pressure groups are demanding Egypt’s immediate (transform) into a strict Islamic state. transformation ________________

71. Consolidation Activities- Word derivation 1.4 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar tragedy n. tragic a. 悲剧，灾难 悲剧的，悲惨的 1. e.g. 没多久，灾难又再次降临。 It was not long before tragedy struck again.

72. Consolidation Activities- Word derivation 1.5 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar statistics n. statistical a. 统计，统计数字；统计学 统计的；统计学的 2. e.g. 那位官员在统计表前加了一段说明文字。 The official prefixed an explanatory note to the list of statistics.

73. Consolidation Activities- Word derivation 1.6 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar potential a. potentiality n. potentially ad. 可能的，潜在的 可能性，潜力 潜在地 3. e.g. 教育能开发人的潜能。 它是一个有畅销潜力的新发明。 Education develops potential abilities. It is a new invention with a big sales potentiality.

74. Consolidation Activities- Word derivation 1.7 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar distress n. distressed a. distressing a. 痛苦，苦恼，不幸 苦恼的 使人痛苦的，令人烦恼的 4. e.g. 他的放荡行为使他的父母极为苦恼。 是什么事情使你看起来如此烦恼 ? His wild behavior was a great distress to his parents. What are you looking so distressed for?

75. Consolidation Activities- Word derivation 1.8 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar react v. reaction n. 作出反应 反应 5. e.g. 他们对你的建议有什么反应？ How did they react to your suggestion?

76. Consolidation Activities- Word derivation 1.9 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar prosecute v. prosecution n. prosecutor n. 对 …… 提起公诉 起诉 检察官，公诉人 6. e.g. 他被起诉超速行驶。 He was prosecuted for exceeding the speed limit.

77. Consolidation Activities- Word derivation 1.10 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar implement v. implementation n. 实施，执行 落实，履行 7. e.g. 他说他的计划的优点是最简单易行。 He said his plan had the virtue of being the easiest to implement.

78. Consolidation Activities- Word derivation 1.11 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar transform v. transformation a. transformer n. 转换，变形 变压器；变革者 8. e.g. 魔术师把公主变成了青蛙。 The magician transformed the princess into a frog.

79. treasured, valued Consolidation Activities- Synonym / Antonym1 Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used. 1. There is a clear and pressing crisis in today’s society, one that involves our most cherished possession: our children. Synonym:urgent 2. There is a clear and pressing crisis in today’s society, one that involves our most cherished possession: our children. Synonym: VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

80. Consolidation Activities- Synonym / Antonym2 3. Each day’s news adds a growing litany of shocking tragedies and statistics about American kids, and they’ve left us shaken, deeply worried, and in search of answers. Antonym:comedies 4. Although the hard data on youth crime and violence show a recent decline, there is little cause for comfort... Synonym: decrease, drop VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

81. Consolidation Activities- Synonym / Antonym3 5. Perhaps most disturbing is that our killers are getting younger and younger. Synonym:worrying, upsetting 6. Other disturbing indicators include substance abuse among younger kids; the growing disrespect for parents, teachers, and other legitimate authority figures … Antonym:respect, esteem, reverence VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

82. Consolidation Activities- Synonym / Antonym4 7. In two decades, the number of diagnoses of hyperactivity and attention deficits has risen 700 percent. Antonym:surpluses, sufficiency VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar 8. … and unless children know how to act right, their moral development is defective. Synonym: faulty, imperfect

83. Consolidation Activities- Suffix 1 Write in each space one word that has the same prefix as underlined in each given word. 1. television 2. archenemy 3. pseudoscientific 4. sympathy 5. miniskirt 6. return 7. cooperate 8. automatic telegram __________________ archbishop __________________ pseudoclassical __________________ symphony __________________ minibus __________________ reply __________________ coordinate __________________ autonomous __________________ VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

84. Consolidation Activities- Suffix 2 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Explanation: e.g.telegraph, telephone, telemetry tele-: over a long distance

85. Consolidation Activities- Suffix 3 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Explanation: e.g.archduke, archangel, archdeacon arch-: main; most important or most extreme

86. Consolidation Activities- Suffix 4 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Explanation: e.g.pseudo-science, pseudo-intellectual, pseudonym pseudo-: not real

87. Consolidation Activities- Suffix 5 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Explanation: e.g.symmetry, symposium, symbol sym-: together

88. Consolidation Activities- Suffix 6 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Explanation: e.g.minicab, miniature, minicomputer, minidisk mini-: small

89. Consolidation Activities- Suffix 7 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Explanation: e.g.reclaim, react, rebate, rebound re-: back

90. Consolidation Activities- Suffix 8 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Explanation: e.g.coproduce, coexist co-: together with

91. Consolidation Activities- Suffix 9 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Explanation: e.g.automotive, autograph, autoimmune auto-: by itself

92. Consolidation Activities- Grammar main VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening Use of irregular plurals Use of subject-verb agreement Use of comparatives and superlatives

93. Consolidation Activities- Grammar1.1 The regular plural is formed by adding -s or -es to the base of the noun, while the irregular plural is not formed in the same way but by other means such as by the change of internal vowel or by the change in the ending of the noun. VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening e.g. foot — feet man — men stratum — strata hypothesis — hypotheses

94. Consolidation Activities- Grammar1.2 Practice Put the following nouns into plural. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar 1. grouse 2. formula 3. woman doctor 4. mouse 5. ox 6. fire-engine grouse _______ formulae, formulas _____________________ women doctors _________________ mice _____ oxen _____ fire-engines _____________

95. Two girls were standing on the corner. He is a good student. Consolidation Activities- Grammar2.1 By subject-verb concord is meant agreement between subject and predicate verb with regard to number. There are three principles guiding subject-verb concord; they are principles of grammatical concord, notional concord and proximity. e.g. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar 1) The principle of grammatical concord refers to the rule that the verb must match its subject in number. If the subject is plural, the verb should take the plural from; if, on the other hand, the subject is singular or is a mass noun, the verb should take the singular form.

96. Consolidation Activities- Grammar2.2 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar The government have asked the country to decide by a vote. e.g. 2) The principle of notional concord refers to the rule that the verb can sometimes agree with the subject according to the notion of number rather than to the actual presence of the grammatical marker for that notion. 3) The principle of proximity denotes agreement of the verb with a closely preceding noun phrase in preference to agreement with the head of the noun phrase that functions as subject. Either my brothers or my father is coming.e.g.

97. Consolidation Activities- Grammar2.3 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Practice Use the proper form of the verbs given to complete the sentences. 1. As most sports magazines can attest, playing sports such as tennis and basketball (require) not only mental ability but also physical strength. 2. Despite the bad weather we have had in the past days, there (be) no doubt that the tournament will go on. 3. Meat pie and peas (be) Tom’s favourite at the moment. requires _________ is __ is __

98. Consolidation Activities- Grammar2.4 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar 4. That she should oppose these ideas (be) quite natural. 5. Fifty-six dollars (be) stolen from the cash register. 6. No one except his own supporters (agree) with him. is __ was ____ agree _______

99. Consolidation Activities- Grammar3.1 Adjectives have two forms. One is the positive degree and the other is the comparative degree and the superlative degree. The comparative degree or the superlative degree is formed by adding -er or -est to the adjective with one syllable or a few adjectives with two syllables, such as taller, bigger or tallest, biggest. The comparative degree or the superlative degree is formed by adding more or the most before the adjectives with two or more than two syllables, such as more careful, the most careful, more active, the most active. For the irregular adjectives, the forms of their comparative degree or superlative degree are different. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

100. good — better — best bad — worse — worst far — farther — farthest little — less — least much, many — more — most Consolidation Activities- Grammar3.2 e.g. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

101. 1. He is the boy I have ever met. You don’t often meet anyone that young who is so. He is much than other children I’ve known. (considerate) 2. The stock market was very today, than it was yesterday. In fact, it was the day of the year. (busy) Consolidation Activities- Grammar3.3 Practice Complete the sentences, using the proper forms of the adjectives in brackets. most considerate ___________________ VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar considerate _____________ more considerate ___________________ busy _____ busier ______ busiest ________

102. Consolidation Activities- Grammar3.4 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar 3. Is Hicksville from Brooklyn? No, it’s not. Jonesville is a little, and Montauk is the of all. (far) 4. Mary is very, but May is than her and Lily is the of all. (active) 5. Of all his plays this one is perhaps the. (great) 6. The the questions are, the I am able to answer them. (difficult, likely) far ____ farther ________ farthest _________ active _______ more active _____________ most active _____________ greatest __________ more difficult _______________ less likely ___________

103. Consolidation Activities- Translation1 1. 她的故事唤起了我珍藏在心里的许多儿时回忆。 (cherish) Her story stirred many beautiful memories of my childhood, which I have always cherished in my heart. VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening Translate the following sentences into English.

104. Consolidation Activities- Translation2 Practice ： 他们在写作上喜欢用简洁机智的词句。 我们不愿意增加我们多愁善感的悲哀，正如我们不愿意保 留我们身体上的疼痛一样。 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar As writers, they cherish economical and witty phrases. We are no more inclined to increase our sentimental sorrows than to cherish our bodily pains.

105. Consolidation Activities- Translation3 2. 他幽默风趣，富有激情，教学效果显著，因此越来越多 的学生选修他的课程。 (opt) VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar More and more students are opting for his course because of his humor and energy as well as his effective way of teaching.

106. Consolidation Activities- Translation4 Practice ： 大多数人愿意买房子而不愿意租房子。 他决定去纽约，不去巴黎。 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Most people opt for buying their own homes rather than renting them. He opted to go to New York rather than Paris.

107. Consolidation Activities- Translation5 3. 总理在他的讲话里发誓解决严重的失业问题，提高普通 老百姓的收入。 (address) VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar In his speech the premier vowed to address the serious problem of unemployment and to boost the income of the common people.

108. Consolidation Activities- Translation6 Practice ： 当在公众场合作演讲时，要注意和观众保持目光交流。 下面我们立即就会谈到如何了解用户及其使用产品时的行 为。 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar When addressing the public, one should keep eye contact with the audience. We’ll soon see how to address the issue of understanding users and their behaviors with products.

109. Consolidation Activities- Translation7 4. 对那些沉默的学生，教师应该努力提高他们的自信心， 鼓励他们在课堂上发表自己的想法。 (enhance) VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar With regard to the silent students, the teacher should try to enhance their self-confidence and encourage them to voice their ideas in class.

110. It is extremely important to further enhance the general quality of the citizens and to encourage them to participate in the Olympic Movement. Consolidation Activities- Translation8 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Practice ： 她穿那些衣服也并没显得更漂亮。 提高全体市民的综合素质，积极动员广大市民参与奥林匹 克运动，是一项十分重要的工作。 Those clothes do nothing to enhance her appearance.

111. Consolidation Activities- Integrated skills VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Dictation Cloze

112. Consolidation Activities- Integrated skills1 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Dictation You will hear a passage read three times. At the first reading, you should listen carefully for its general idea. At the second reading, you are required to write down the exact words you have just heard (with proper punctuation). At the third reading, you should check what you have written down.

113. Consolidation Activities- Integrated skills1 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Moral intelligence is the theory / put forth by Dr. Coles, / that children learn some of the most important lessons / by observing the behavior of those around them / in authority positions / (mainly parents and teachers). / His background in child psychology / is deep and he makes / full use of ideas / from other experts / in the field. / His theory goes beyond the teaching of moral lessons / such as “you shouldn’t steal, or lie” / and reaches a deeper level of analysis. / He theorizes / that children pick up / and retain

114. Consolidation Activities- Integrated skills2 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar information about moral behavior / from witnessing the actions of others. / He feels that this manner of learning / has a more lasting impact on children. / Moral intelligence is created by children, / but can be molded by proper guidance.

115. While I still maintain a child can best learn (1) a positive example, unfortunately in today’s society, not all parents are setting positive examples. I have counselled many children over the years and in a vast majority of cases; (2) has contributed most to the need for counselling in the first place has been the absence or lack of adequate parenting skills. There are excellent parents in existence, for many it comes naturally. (3) others, they never “get the act together.” Some individuals, (4) whatever reason, simply do not possess the ability, tolerance, time, energy, Consolidation Activities- Integrated skills3 what ______ from _____ VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar for ____ For ____

116. understanding and financial resources to raise a child for the first eighteen years of their life. There are also those parents (5) feel they are doing “everything right” when in reality they may be (6) every mistake in the book. When a child has become so unhappy, emotionally insecure, rude, defiant and / or physically abusive that the parent(s) can no longer deal (7) their child, he / she is inevitably pointed in the direction of a counsellor, either (8) the parent(s) or the courts, to miraculously “fix the problem.” In many cases, had the child been Consolidation Activities- Integrated skills4 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar who _____ making ________ with _____ by ___

117. raised in a positive, loving, nurturing, understanding, respectful and accepting environment, and learned (9) importance of moral intelligence, the child would not be sitting in front of the counsellor at all. “Building Moral Intelligence...” is an excellent learning tool (10) young, inexperienced parents or any parent who chooses to expand their knowledge on the subject. Consolidation Activities- Integrated skills5 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar for ____ the ____

118. While I still maintain a child can best learn (1) a positive example, unfortunately in today’s society, not all parents are setting positive examples. I have counselled many children over the years and in a vast majority of cases; (2) has contributed most to the need for counselling in the first place has been the absence or lack of adequate parenting skills. There are excellent parents in existence, for many it comes naturally. (3) others, they never “get the act together.” Some individuals, (4) whatever reason, simply do not possess the ability, tolerance, time, energy, what ______ from _____ for ____ For ____ Consolidation Activities- Hints1 A connective leading a noun clause is needed here. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

119. While I still maintain a child can best learn (1) a positive example, unfortunately in today’s society, not all parents are setting positive examples. I have counselled many children over the years and in a vast majority of cases; (2) has contributed most to the need for counselling in the first place has been the absence or lack of adequate parenting skills. There are excellent parents in existence, for many it comes naturally. (3) others, they never “get the act together.” Some individuals, (4) whatever reason, simply do not possess the ability, tolerance, time, energy, what ______ from _____ for ____ For ____ Consolidation Activities- Hints2 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Here you need a preposition indicating a reason.

120. raised in a positive, loving, nurturing, understanding, respectful and accepting environment, and learned (9) importance of moral intelligence, the child would not be sitting in front of the counsellor at all. “Building Moral Intelligence...” is an excellent learning tool (10) young, inexperienced parents or any parent who chooses to expand their knowledge on the subject. for ____ the ____ Consolidation Activities- Hints4 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar What can be used in front of a noun?

121. raised in a positive, loving, nurturing, understanding, respectful and accepting environment, and learned (9) importance of moral intelligence, the child would not be sitting in front of the counsellor at all. “Building Moral Intelligence...” is an excellent learning tool (10) young, inexperienced parents or any parent who chooses to expand their knowledge on the subject. for ____ the ____ Consolidation Activities- Hints5 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar A preposition is needed here.

122. Consolidation Activities- Oral activities VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Giving a talk Having a discussion

123. Consolidation Activities- Oral activities1 In the text, the author describes the moral crisis in the United States, which has resulted in widespread youth crime, violence, drug abuse, homicide and suicide, as well as common-place cheating and dishonesty. Experts have pointed out a similar tendency, though to a lesser degree, in China. Now please give a talk on the issue, in which you can describe what you have observed in China with concrete examples, analyze the underlying causes, and propose a recipe for this problem. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar For reference

124. Consolidation Activities- For your reference1 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar 1) You may want to use the following words or expressions in your description: decline, demoralization, corrupt, impulse, plagiarism, gambling, be addicted to, eager for quick success and instant benefit, to be opportunistic, dazed and confused, vent, indiscretion, hedonism, lack of a sense of belonging, ignorance of the law, be spoiled, make a desperate move, disrespect, helplessness, loneliness, desperation, individualism, psychological problem, therapy

125. Consolidation Activities- For your reference2 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar 2) You may list some underlying causes as follows: — Some young people put the pursuit of pleasure and sensual gratification before everything and can not resist the temptation. — The decline of values and moral levels of our society directly has a great impact on the young generation. — Children can not get proper care and love from family, and there is lack of communication between parents and children, so that they may have psychological problems which may lead to the involvement in crime.

126. Consolidation Activities- For your reference3 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar 3) You may list some suggestions as follows: — Laws and policies concerning youth crime prevention should be made. — Schools and families should unite together to guide and help youth. — Some youth crime prevention programs or youth growth centers or youth mental health remedy centers should be established to attach more importance to youth growth.

127. Consolidation Activities- Having a discussion1 In the text, the author proposes the recipe of “moral intelligence” for the crisis — the horrifying decline of children’s moral behavior despite the “frantic efforts” of parents and schools, but she does not tell us what it exactly means and how to cultivate it in children. Now discuss in groups of five or six the notion of “moral intelligence,” what efforts society should make to enhance it, and how we can cultivate moral intelligence in young children. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar For reference

128. Consolidation Activities- Having a discussion2 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening You could probably list some suggestions as follows: — Parents should set good examples of moral integrity for children. — Children should be taught the awareness of morality by parents and schools when they are very young. — Traditional Chinese moral education such as three- character scripture should run through one’s school education.

129. Paragraph development — Variation of sentence lengths and patterns Discussion: Too much of anything — money, music — can end up being a bore, so does writing. In writing, too many sentences of the same size can lead to boring prose, even when the message is far from boring. Therefore, it is important to vary our sentence length and pattern to avoid monotony. Good writers vary their sentence length without deliberate effort, or seemingly so at least. Inexperienced writers may tend to rely too heavily on a few comfortable, familiar structures. Therefore, it is significant for students to learn something about sentence variety. Consolidation Activities- Writing main VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

130. East or west home is best. Home is a place where kindly affections exist among all the members of the family. A home without love is no more a home than a body without a soul. A home is more than a family dwelling. Consolidation Activities- Writing1 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Exercise: Write two paragraphs based on the first sentences given below. While writing, use variation of sentence lengths and patterns where it is necessary, so that your writing might be coherent and clear, but not boring. 1. Home is where the heart is. Ideas for reference:

131. Consolidation Activities- Writing2 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar As the saying goes “East or west home is best”, home is where the heart is. Wherever a person goes, home always lingers in his mind. Home is the very place that people call it harbor. Home is a place where kindly affections exist among all the members of the family. Parents take good care of their children, and children are interested in the activities of their parents. Thus all of them are bound together by affection, and they find their home to be the cheeriest place in the world. A home without love is no more a home than a body without a soul. Every civilized person is a social being. Sample:

132. No one should live alone. A man may lead a successful and prosperous life, but prosperity alone can by no means insure happiness. A home is more than a family dwelling. It is a school in which people are trained for citizenship. A man will not render good services to his country if he can do nothing good for his home. The home is the birthplace of true patriotism. It is the secret of social welfare and national greatness. It is the basis and origin of civilization. In a word, home is the very place that human’s heart dwells on, a place that gives one strength and comfort, happiness and sympathy, love for oneself and love for the country. Consolidation Activities- Writing3 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

133. Consolidation Activities- Writing4 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Of all the obligations and responsibilities that we have to shoulder, our commitment to our family has prior claims. Charity starting at home does not necessarily extend outside. It is their charity at home that has turned their families into noble people. 2. Charity begins at home. Ideas for reference:

134. Consolidation Activities- Writing5 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Charity begins at home. Of all the obligations and responsibilities that we have to shoulder, our commitment to our family has prior claims. If one fails at many or even most of his family duties, he will not become a responsible member of society either. In contrast, a dutiful husband or wife can be expected to become a good teammate; a caring parent can be entrusted with important corporate responsibilities; and a devoted son or daughter has the potential of a loyal junior partner in business. Of course there are many people who are very loving and generous at home, but Sample:

135. Consolidation Activities- Writing6 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening mean and spiteful outside. That just proves that charity starting at home does not necessarily extend outside. There have been reports of millionaires who donate large sums of money to charities but have scandalous problems with their families. In their cases, some would say, charity does not begin at home. False would be such a rash judgment. Messy as their family relationship might be, they might not be the guilty ones to blame. The truth might be that they were very responsible and charitable at home, but their kindness was not properly returned. As a result, their desire to be charitable burns

136. Consolidation Activities- Writing7 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening even more furiously outside their households. Over the past few decades, the Chinese government has recommended to the people many moral heroes dedicated to a larger cause at the expense of their families. However, they are the best cases for the legitimacy of the saying that charity begins at home. It is their charity at home that has turned their families into noble people. Otherwise, their spouses and children would not be supportive and encouraging, and without their support, not many moral heroes could get far. So let’s be charitable at home, first and foremost.

137. Consolidation Activities- Listening1 Listen to a news report. Answer the following WH questions briefly. VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening 1. How old was Weinstein when she was killed? 45. __________________________________ 2. What was her job? A middle school teacher. __________________________________ 3. How old was LaSane, the killer? About 17. __________________________________

138. Consolidation Activities- Listening2 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening 4. When did the whole thing take place? On March 14. __________________________________ 5. Where did LaSane and Weinstein first come across with each other? At a shopping center. __________________________________ 6. What was she doing there? She was going to buy a sandwich. __________________________________

139. Consolidation Activities- Listening3 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening 7. Where did LaSane take Weinstein to after he grabbed her and forced her into her car? A park about two miles from the shopping center. ________________________________________ 8. What did LaSane want from Weinstein? Her car. ________________________________________ 9. When and by whom was Weinstein’s body found? On March 17, by a hiker. ________________________________________

140. Consolidation Activities- Listening4 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening 10. How long was the tape? 24 minutes. ________________________________________

141. She used the miniature tape recorder for a graduate- school course she was taking. The device, though, would do much more than capture a lecture. It was a micro- cassette found in Kathleen Weinstein’s shirt pocket that not only led police to her alleged killer but also revealed the New Jersey teacher to be a woman of extraordinary courage and compassion. Weinstein, 45, was on her way to an exam at Toms River High School South on March 14 when she got out of her gold 1995 Toyota Camry to buy a sandwich at the busy Toms River Shopping Center. That’s where her path crossed that of Michael LaSane, who, police say, wanted Consolidation Activities- Script2.1 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening

142. Consolidation Activities- Script2.2 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening just such a car to celebrate his 17th birthday. Grabbing Weinstein by the jaw, the attacker told her he had a gun and forced her into the Camry. The car was then driven to Manitou Park, about two miles from the shopping center. It was there, police believe, that Weinstein was able to activate the recorder she kept in her bag. According to Ocean County prosecutor Daniel Carluccio, the taped conversation between Weinstein and LaSane took place as they removed personal items — bags, notebooks, her six- year-old son’s belongings, from the car. “It wasn’t hysterical,” Carluccio says of the 24-minute tape. “It wasn’t the kind of thing you would expect of someone who

143. Consolidation Activities- Script2.3 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening is facing a life-threatening situation. Mrs. Weinstein bravely and persistently used every skill and power she had to convince her attacker to simply take her car and not her life.” The excerpts of the talk released by the prosecutor show why Weinstein was a beloved figure at Thorne Middle School in Middletown, where she was a special-education teacher. “You haven’t done anything yet,” she tells her attacker. “All you have to do is let me go and take my car. For my life, don’t you think I should be concerned and let you take my car? For my life! Do you really want to have that on your head?” At another point, the teacher tries to

144. Consolidation Activities- Script2.4 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening get him to open up. “Why don’t you just tell me? Of course, it’s important. It’s determining your whole life and the direction you’re taking.” Weinstein also talks about her son Daniel and her plans to take in a foster child with her husband Paul. Her powers of persuasion were to no avail. Weinstein’s body, with hands and feet bound, was discovered by a hiker on March 17. She had been smothered with her coat. But before she died she somehow slipped the micro-cassette into her pocket without her killer knowing it. Because Weinstein had asked LaSane about himself and his family, police quickly had their suspect, the son of a local

145. Consolidation Activities- Script2.5 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening official. “Our impression was that she was very aware she was leaving something behind,” says Carluccio. He will not comment on LaSane’s side of the conversation except to say, “When you hear the tape, it will raise profound questions about what is happening in our world with juveniles and our society. It goes beyond materialism.”

146. Section Five Further Enhancement Text IIMemorable quotes Lead-in questions Text Questions for discussion

147. 1. What do you think of the individual’s right to own a gun for self-defense and maintain order? 2. According to you, what measures can be taken to prevent campus shooting? Lead-in questions Text IIMemorable quotes

148. Across America, Grief and Horror Valerie Strauss Shock Spurs Tough Questions, Action Sharon Blorstad got out of bed yesterday morning after a night rendered sleepless by horror. She sent her 7- year-old off to Howard County’s Elkridge Elementary School with an extra hug and decided that being angry wasn’t enough anymore. After watching the heartbreaking images of parents in Colorado grieving for children caught in the worst shooting in a school in American history, she knew she had to act. “I am so sick of this world being so screwed up,” the legal secretary, who works at the D.C.-based law firm of Muldoon, Murphy & Faucette, said yesterday. Text1 Text IIMemorable quotes 1

149. “When I was a kid, these things didn’t happen. Now I’m going to see what I can do to help control guns.” Blorstad’s horrified reaction was echoed by people in stores and schools and on street corners across the Washington area and the rest of the nation. Suppressed fears about the safety of children were pricked open anew by tragedy. And this time, it felt even worse. The numbers killed were horrifying, but so were the tales of killers who taunted their young victims before blasting their lives away. And because of television, people could watch events unfold, could watch the terrified teenagers running away from their school. Text2 Text IIMemorable quotes 2 3 4

150. 7 Text3 Text IIMemorable quotes How do teenagers get sawed-off shotguns? Some adults asked yesterday. Why is information about how to make a bomb on the Internet? What can be done? When television personality Rosie O’Donnell called for gun control on a morning talk show, Blorstad sent an e- mail to O’Donnell and called her members of Congress. “Mothers started Mothers Against Drunk Driving, and they took it federal, and it’s going to take mothers to do this,” Blorstad said. “It took me 10 years to get my son. He’s adopted. I love him, and nobody is going to come into his school and kill him. … It’s so easy to look at your TV and say this is horrible. I’m going to do what I can.” 5 6

151. At shops and offices, customers and employees talked of little else. At Richard Montgomery High School, classes were devoted to discussing how to prevent further tragedies. Even at the Pentagon, the topic of conversation was not the U.S. bombs dropping on Yugoslavia but the Littleton shootings. Flags flew at half-staff in Washington. President Clinton, at a ceremony honoring White House volunteers, paused for a moment of silence. The House of Representatives did the same thing, as did the Chicago Board of Trade, where the usual din gave way to a brief time of quiet broken only by the ringing of unattended telephones. Text4 Text IIMemorable quotes 8 9 10

152. “I don’t ever remember doing this before outside of the annual one minute’s silence during Armistice Day on Nov. 11,” said Chicago trader Vic Lespinasse, of AG Edwards. In the faraway tragedy, people found confirmation of their worst fears about American culture. At Howard University, students talked about early reports that the Littleton killers may have been targeting African Americans. “How much is really changing in society if teenage boys are going out of their way to make bombs and target African Americans?” asked Esigie Aguele, a 24-year-old senior. She wondered how the young killers obtained information about bomb-making on the Internet. Text5 Text IIMemorable quotes 11 12 13 14

153. “It’s costing lives, this freedom of information,” she said. The D.C.-based Handgun Control group received hundreds of calls from across the country after O’Donnell gave out the phone number to a nationwide television audience. One call came from a 13-year-old girl who wanted to know how to start an anti-gun group in her school. A Handgun Control veteran said she could not remember a busier day. The National Rifle Association had a busy day, too. After the killings, officials said they were scaling back their annual convention scheduled for next week in Denver. Text6 Text IIMemorable quotes 15 16 17 18

154. On Tuesday, 16-year-old Marissa Courey watched television in disbelief. She finally decided the coverage was too much when she saw SWAT team members snatching a boy through a school window. His face, she said, had been partially blown off. “That really got me,” she said. “That shouldn’t have been on.” For her and her friends at Walter Johnson High School in Bethesda, yesterday was dominated both in and out of class by talk of how to prevent the next tragedy. Nina Carroll-Gilmore, owner of the Alexandria Floral Shop, watched television Tuesday night and wept at the sight of parents grieving for their children. Her husband, she said, spent the evening railing about the NRA. Text7 Text IIMemorable quotes 19 20 21 22

155. Text8 Text IIMemorable quotes Yesterday in her shop, customers kept asking how teenagers could kill other teenagers. “We have had other shootings, but we’re so shocked about this one because of the numbers killed,” she said. “You think we’d get hardened to this, but we don’t.” She hoped, she said, that the shooting will propel school administrators to be tougher on security. “The things we assumed,” she said, “are evidently no longer true.” 23 24 25

156. Text2 – About the author Text IIMemorable quotes About the author: Valerie Strauss is a staff writer of The Washington Post, adjunct professor at Northern Virginia Community College, and D.C. Schools chancellor.

157. Colorado: a state in the west of the U.S. Text2 – Colorado Text IIMemorable quotes

158. D.C.: Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States, formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D.C. Text3 – DC Text IIMemorable quotes

159. Text4 –sawed-off shotguns Text IIMemorable quotes sawed-off shotguns: shotguns with a short barrel, often carried as weapons by criminals

160. Text4– Rosie O’Donnell Text IIMemorable quotes Rosie O’Donnell: (1962– ) an American television host, stand-up comedian, actress, singer, and author. She lost her mother to cancer as a preteen and has constantly stressed values of protecting children and supporting families throughout her career.

161. … called her members of Congress.: The Congress is made up of the Senate and the House of Representatives. People of every state elect their senators (2 per state) and representatives (the number is based on the population of the state). Here Blorstad called the representatives and senators from her state to get them to support her. Text4– called her members of Congress Text IIMemorable quotes

162. Text5- Mothers started Mothers Against Drunk Text IIMemorable quotes Mothers started Mothers Against Drunk Driving, and they took it federal …: The mothers were so angry about children being killed by drunk drivers that they started a campaign and took up the issue at a national level with the federal authorities …

163. Text6- the Pentagon Text IIMemorable quotes the Pentagon: the U.S. Department of Defense

164. Text6- Littleton Text IIMemorable quotes Littleton: a town in the U.S. state of Colorado. Littleton became widely known in 1999 when the Columbine High School massacre occurred at nearby Columbine High School.

165. Text6- President Clinton Text IIMemorable quotes President Clinton: 42nd president of the U.S. (1993–2001) His two terms saw sustained economic growth and successive budget surpluses, the first in three decades.

166. Text6- the House of Representatives Text IIMemorable quotes the House of Representatives: the lower legislative branch in many national and state bicameral governing bodies, as in the U.S., Mexico and Japan

167. Text6- Board of Trade Text IIMemorable quotes Board of Trade: an association of business people

168. Text6- outside of Text IIMemorable quotes outside of: except

169. Text6- Armistice Day Text IIMemorable quotes Armistice Day: former name of Veteran Day (1915–1920), which falls on Nov.11, a legal holiday in the U.S. in commemoration of the end of World Wars I and II and in honour of veterans of the armed forces

170. Text6- Howard University Text IIMemorable quotes Howard University: a university in Washington D.C., the most prominent African educational institution in the U.S. It is financially supported by the U.S. government but is privately controlled.

171. Text6- she could not remember a busier day Text IIMemorable quotes … she could not remember a busier day.: … this was the busiest day she could remember in her life.

172. Text6- the National Rifle Association Text IIMemorable quotes the National Rifle Association: (NRA) governing organization for the sport of shooting with rifles and pistols. It was founded in Britain in 1862. The U.S. organization, formed in 1871, has a membership of some four million. The U.S. NRA, one of the most powerful political lobbies in the country, has vigorously opposed many legislative proposals for the control of firearms.

173. Text6- Denver Text IIMemorable quotes Denver: the capital city of the state of Colorado

174. Text6- SWAT Text IIMemorable quotes SWAT: Special Weapons and Tactics (a team of law- enforcement officers trained and equipped to deal with especially dangerous violent situations, as when hostages are being held)

175. Questions for discussion1 1. How did the shootings affect people in the U.S.? Frightened, people reacted strongly to them. They talked of little else and were trying to help in tightening gun control. Even at the Pentagon, the topic of conversation was also the shootings; and flags flew at half-staff in Washington. Text IIMemorable quotes 2. How do you understand the last sentence? The safety of children in schools people used to take for granted is no longer there.

176. According to the text, there is something wrong about American culture. (Paragraph 12) Specifically, the author mentions three things: the loose gun control in the country — guns are easily available to teenagers (Paragraph 5), racial prejudice under whose influence some “teenage boys make bombs and target African Americans” (Paragraph 14), and the so-called “freedom of information” (Paragraph 15) — too much coverage of violence on television (Paragraph 19) as well as the easily accessible information about bomb- making on the Internet (Paragraph 14). 3. What, according to the text, are the major causes of increasing campus violence in the U.S.? Questions for discussion2 Text IIMemorable quotes

177. Memorable Quotes1 Read the following quotes and refer to Unit Seven. What is the different emphasis of each quote? Text IIMemorable quotes Guidance: A teacher’s personal philosophy of education is a critical element in what she or he would do to enlighten the students. While the student’s personal philosophy of education plays also an important role on his or her path to form expectation and seek knowledge.

178. Memorable Quotes2 Text IIMemorable quotes 1. Education has for its object the formation of character. — H. Spencer One of the aims of education is the shaping of personality and morality.

179. In education we are trying hard not to teach the youth to earn a living, but to enjoy life. 2. In education we are striving not to teach youth to make a living, but to make a life. — W. A. White Memorable Quotes3 Text IIMemorable quotes

180. Education is not pouring knowledge into an empty mind, but illuminating the mind. 3. Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire. — W. B. Yeats Memorable Quotes4 Text IIMemorable quotes

181. Herbert Spencer (1820–1903) was an English philosopher and sociologist. Memorable quotes5 Text IIMemorable quotes

182. William Allen White (1868–1944) was a renowned American newspaper editor, politician, and author. Memorable quotes6 Text IIMemorable quotes

183. William Butler Yeats (1865–1939) was an Irish poet and dramatist. Memorable quotes7 Text IIMemorable quotes

184. Notation type here