2. ENGLISH 11 SEMESTER 2/ 2012 MRS. DAVISON AND MRS. ANDERSON Major Movements in our Literary History

3. Literary History Puritan Colonial Romanticism Transcendentalism Gothic Realism Naturalism Modernism Harlem Renaissance Post-Modernism

4. Colonial Literature 1750-1800 Content: Politicians or patriots writing reasonable, logical material to incite revolt against English rule. Intended for wide circulation

5. Now the Americans had a real cause to fight for... a country they could call their own.

6. Genre: Political pamphlets, “broadsides,” and speeches A broadside, or occasionally broadsheet, is a large sheet of paper printed on one side only and typically used as a poster to announce some event, proclamation or other matter. It also is used to describe newspapers printed on similarly sized paper. Political documents (Declaration of Independence) Travel writing Almanacs

7. Style: Reasonable and logical, usually offering persuasive arguments Highly ornate writing style Reasonable and logical, usually offering persuasive arguments Highly ornate writing style

8. Effect: Patriotism grows by instilling pride in Americans, plus creates common agreement about issues. Shows differences between Americans and Europeans Still little creative literature produced

9. Historical Context: English rule was becoming a weight, and while many colonists tried to patch up the relationship, there was growing belief that “American” meant something different than “English”—and so it made no sense to many that a foreign country should rule America. Enlightenment philosophers in Europe contributed many new ideas, including government as a “contract” which people must accept willingly.

10. Historical Context continued 3 Basic Colonial Areas 1. New England-- Puritans settled seeking religious freedom 2. Middle Colonies—bread colonies because grain was the major crop, religious toleration, cornerstone of Pennsylvania, Quakers practiced simplicity, truth, and peace 3. Southern Colonies—planters, farmers, large plantations

11. Colonial America 1750-1800

12. Portraits of Colonial Americans And this is?

13. Patrick Henry (1736-1799) Revolutionary War orator and statesman. In a speech urging armed resistance against the British, he declared: "Give me liberty, or give me death!" Patrick Henry (1736-1799) Revolutionary War orator and statesman. In a speech urging armed resistance against the British, he declared: "Give me liberty, or give me death!" Benedict Arnold (1741-1801) Prominent U.S. army officer, secretly arranged with British Major John Andre to hand over West Point to the British. After discovery of his treason, Arnold fled to the British side, became a General in the British Army, and led raids against American forces. Benedict Arnold (1741-1801) Prominent U.S. army officer, secretly arranged with British Major John Andre to hand over West Point to the British. After discovery of his treason, Arnold fled to the British side, became a General in the British Army, and led raids against American forces. Representatives of the Colonial Period

14. Daniel Boone Daniel Boone was a frontiersman in early America: an American legend and a true folk hero. Boone blazed a trail to establish a route westward that was used by thousands of American settlers.

15. Colonial Literature Benjamin Franklin, “The Whistle” (excerpt), “Moral Perfection, from the Autobiography” (excerpt), “Poor Richard’s Almanac” (excerpt) Thomas Paine, “The American Crisis” (excerpt, pamphlet) Thomas Jefferson, The Declaration of Independence Name this tune…..

16. Yankee Doodle Yankee Doodle went to town, Riding on a pony; He stuck a feather in his hat, And called it macaroni!

17. Yankee Doodle Why did Yankee Doodle stick a feather in his hat and call it macaroni? Back in Pre- Revolutionary America when the song "Yankee Doodle" was first popular, the singer was not referring to the pasta "macaroni" in the line that reads "stuck a feather in his hat and called it macaroni".

18. Yankee Doodle "Macaroni" was a fancy ("dandy") style of Italian dress widely imitated in England at the time. By sticking a feather in his cap and calling himself a "dandy," Yankee Doodle was proudly proclaiming himself to be a gentleman of some social standing.