1. Long Quad (LQ) & High Gradient (HQ) Series Alexander Zlobin bnl - fnal- lbnl - slac US LHC Accelerator Research Program DOE LARP review Fermilab, June 12-14, 2006

2. DOE LARP review - June 12-14, 2006Long Quad (LQ) & High Gradient (HQ) SeriesA.V. Zlobin 2 LARP Magnet Program Goals Demonstrate by 2009 that Nb 3 Sn magnet technology is a viable choice for an LHC IR upgrade 1.Predictable and reproducible performance TQ models (1 m, 90 mm aperture, Gnom > 200 T/m, Bcoil > 12 T) 2.Long magnet fabrication LQ models (4 m, 90 mm aperture, Gnom > 200 T/m, Bcoil > 12 T) 3.High gradient in large aperture HQ models (1 m, 90+ mm aperture, Gnom > 250 T/m, Bcoil > 15 T) 1. LQ and HQ magnet fabrication and test is planned for FY2007-09 FY2006-07 – design studies

3. DOE LARP review - June 12-14, 2006Long Quad (LQ) & High Gradient (HQ) SeriesA.V. Zlobin 3 LQ and HQ Design Studies LQ and HG design studies include: - Analysis of magnetic, mechanical, quench protection, technology and conductor issues - Integration of results from –Model Magnet R&D (TQ technology, conductor and magnet performance) –Supporting R&D (long coil technology, long magnet testing) –Materials (strand and cable parameters) –Lab’s core programs - Development of magnet target parameters, design and technology concepts, R&D plan FNAL and LBNL Core HFM Programs

4. DOE LARP review - June 12-14, 2006Long Quad (LQ) & High Gradient (HQ) SeriesA.V. Zlobin 4 LQ Design Study Goals and Issues Goals: LQ conceptual design studies to determine their optimal design, technology and parameters R&D plan development Baseline design: TQ cross-section Target parameters: Aperture 90 mm Gmax > 200 T/m (Bmax>12 T) Length ~4 m Key R&D issues: Mechanical structure Conductor design and parameters Quench protection Technology

5. DOE LARP review - June 12-14, 2006Long Quad (LQ) & High Gradient (HQ) SeriesA.V. Zlobin 5 Mechanical Structure LQ mechanical structures is being selected based on: –TQC and TQS mechanical analysis and model performance 2D and 3D analysis in progress TQS and TQC model test in FY06-07 –LR fabrication and test in FY07 –LM fabrication and test in FY06-07 LQX LR TQS LM TQC

6. DOE LARP review - June 12-14, 2006Long Quad (LQ) & High Gradient (HQ) SeriesA.V. Zlobin 6 Strand, Cable and Insulation strand parameters to unsure its stability and protection (design, longitudinal uniformity, critical current at high and low fields, RRR, Cu:nonCu ratio) –baseline strand: RRP 54/61with Df~70 mcm –alternative strands: RRP 60/61 with larger spacing and Df~65 mcm, RRP 84/91 or 108/127 with smaller Df R&D at OST sponsored by DOE CDP and Fermilab core program cable (long length, longitudinal uniformity) –baseline design: N=27, keystone angle of 1 deg insulation –braiding the insulation on the cable (same small thickness as sleeve, and much easier application to long cable units) sample made at NEEW is being prepared for electrical tests turn-to-ground, layer-to-layer, turn-to-turn test of a TQ practice coil –effect of thicker cable insulation (tape with overlap) on coil design and magnet parameters Gmax reduction by 6%

7. DOE LARP review - June 12-14, 2006Long Quad (LQ) & High Gradient (HQ) SeriesA.V. Zlobin 7 Technology and Tooling Define key fabrication steps for long coils (winding, curing, reaction, impregnation, measurements, handling) –CTD has developed a new ceramic binder to replace the present ceramic binder (1008) at significantly lower cost and also shorter procurement time Qualification tests (compatibility with coil fabrication process, electrical strength, coil sample mechanical properties, thermal conductivity) of cable stacks fabricated with this new binder are underway Develop concept of segmented reaction and impregnation tooling –1 m long tooling has been developed and tested –2 m and 4 m segmented tooling is being developed at Fermilab for LM models

8. DOE LARP review - June 12-14, 2006Long Quad (LQ) & High Gradient (HQ) SeriesA.V. Zlobin 8 LQ Design Study Milestones FY2006: Analysis of long coils during heat treatment and cooldown (Q1-Q4) Quench protection analysis of LQ based on TQ coils (Q2-Q3) Specification of strand and cable parameters for the LQ practice coils and first model to procure in FY2007 (Q4) LQ coil conceptual design finalization (Q4) FY2007: Development of LQ coil fabrication technology (Q2) Selection of LQ mechanical structures based on TQ performance (Q3) Develop technical proposal for LQ R&D including model design parameters, baseline technology, cost estimates and schedule –draft proposals for FY2008 at LARP collaboration meeting (Q2) –final proposals for FY2008 (Q4)

9. DOE LARP review - June 12-14, 2006Long Quad (LQ) & High Gradient (HQ) SeriesA.V. Zlobin 9 HQ Design Study Goals Goals: –Perform studies (magnetic, mechanical and quench protection) and develop HQ design concept (magnet parameters and features) and R&D plan in preparation for model fabrication. –Provide input to LHC IR quad conceptual design and analysis: -Optics, IR layout, radiation deposition, cryogenics studies HQ target parameters: –Aperture 90 mm –Bmax ~15 T (G~300 T/m) –Length ~1 m HQ is a precursor to larger aperture

10. DOE LARP review - June 12-14, 2006Long Quad (LQ) & High Gradient (HQ) SeriesA.V. Zlobin 10 HQ Design Issues Conductor: - strand (optimal design, critical current at high field) - cable (limits on maximum width & keystone angle) Magnetic: - number of layers (cable design, winding issues) - use of wedges, conductor grading, end field optimization - Lorentz stresses Mechanical: - collar-based vs. shell-based structure - structure and coil alignment - coil radial and axial support Quench Protection: - conductor parameters (Cu:nonCu ratio, RRR) - quench heaters (size, position, electrical parameters)

11. DOE LARP review - June 12-14, 2006Long Quad (LQ) & High Gradient (HQ) SeriesA.V. Zlobin 11 Cross-section Analysis In FY2006 HQ design study concentrates on coil design issues, to allow starting a detailed engineering design of the coil and tooling in FY2007. The FY2007 design study effort will concentrate on mechanical support issues and further design optimization. Criteria for comparison: –Maximum gradient –Coil stress distributions –Practicality, cost and schedule: strand procurement, use of TQ tooling (coils) –Winding/fabrication issues: minimum radii, spacer shape, radial placement –Complications vs. R&D interest/features –Coil volume, quench protection, field quality,...

12. DOE LARP review - June 12-14, 2006Long Quad (LQ) & High Gradient (HQ) SeriesA.V. Zlobin 12 Strand & Cable Parameters Based on OST RRP strand performance Jc(12T, 4.2K)=3 kA/mm2. Large spectrum of strand and cable designs and parameters have been studied: -Strand D: 0.7-1.0 mm -Number of strands: 23-38 -Cable aspect ratio: -Keystone angle: 0.7-1.4

13. DOE LARP review - June 12-14, 2006Long Quad (LQ) & High Gradient (HQ) SeriesA.V. Zlobin 13 Coil Design Analysis 2-layer design: smallest number of parts and fabrication steps (+) requires a cable with large aspect ratio (-) difficulties in design of the end parts and in coil winding (-) 3-layer design: reduce the cable width (+) maintain a continuous winding in each quadrant, minimize joints (+) constraints to the coil design: more axial space for the coil ends (-) 4-layer design: twice as many coils, tooling and fabrication steps as to 2-layer design (-) can reach 40 mm coil width while limiting the cable width (+) allows grading of the outer two layers (+) allows re-use of some TQ tooling (and perhaps coils) (+)

14. DOE LARP review - June 12-14, 2006Long Quad (LQ) & High Gradient (HQ) SeriesA.V. Zlobin 14 HQ Coil and Yoke Selection Two reference 4-layer coil cross-sections were selected: “TQ” inner layer, not graded – Gmax=307 T/m Graded – Gmax=317 T/m Preliminary yoke analysis: yoke OD 250 mm coil-yoke distance 10 mm 307 T/m 317 T/m

15. DOE LARP review - June 12-14, 2006Long Quad (LQ) & High Gradient (HQ) SeriesA.V. Zlobin 15 Mechanical Analysis 307 T/m 317 T/m Preliminary coil mechanical analysis for both coil designs: Pmax~170 MPa – effect on conductor degradation?

16. DOE LARP review - June 12-14, 2006Long Quad (LQ) & High Gradient (HQ) SeriesA.V. Zlobin 16 Next Steps Magnetic: Refine cable parameters (feedback from materials R&D) Preliminary design of coil ends - peak field issues Complete magnetic cross-section (2 options) Mechanics: More detailed comparison of preload requirements Design of structure Comparison with larger aperture designs: Magnetic, mechanical, quench Cost and schedule

17. DOE LARP review - June 12-14, 2006Long Quad (LQ) & High Gradient (HQ) SeriesA.V. Zlobin 17 LQ and HQ DS Budget FY2006: –LQ budget was increased by 21%, ~50% spent. –HQ budget did not change, ~50% spent. FY2007: –LQ budget is planned to grow by 53%. –HQ budget is planned to grow by 17%.

18. DOE LARP review - June 12-14, 2006Long Quad (LQ) & High Gradient (HQ) SeriesA.V. Zlobin 18 Summary HQ and LQ conceptual design studies are the key DS tasks in FY2006-2007. Good collaboration and coordination of DS works inside the LARP collaboration and with Labs core programs was established. Good progress in the first part of FY2006. We will be ready to start LQ and HQ model magnet R&D in FY2007: –Focus on coil tooling and technology Work on DS task plans and budgets for FY2007 is in progress: –LQ and HQ budget request was prepared