1. Evaluation of Architecture Interior Design II

2. Things to consider….. T echnology -what was available and used – machinery, tools etc…Did society use available technology or develop new? E conomy - Monetary systems of people – wealthy and poor have different resources available for building – ornate or plain A esthetics -apparent visual beauty – concept of beauty varies form person to person C ulture -traditions, religion, art, music all influence design H abitat -elements, topography, available resources (wood, clay, metal…) what elements was the structure sheltering from?

3. 4 Basic Shapes used… Square Rectangle Circle Triangle

4. 3–D Shapes used… in order to enclose space Cube Rectangular Prism Cylinder or Column Pyramid or Cone

5. Ancient Architecture….what can you see?  Observe ancient architecture. It has always existed!!!  Consider the TEACH theory.  Remember it evolves from basic shapes to 3 dimensional shapes.

6. British Isles… ■ Rectangular Prisms ■ prehistoric

7. Egyptian Pyramids Funerary Buildings Created for Monarchs & Nobles Stepped Design Granite, limestone, and sandstone - Both sun-dried and kiln-dried bricks were used extensively Hieroglyphics were decoration as well as records of historic events.

8. Egyptian Cylinder or Column First stone capital = papyrus flower & lotus Nile floods deposit fine clay, allowing ceramic arts to develop early Sandstone, limestone, & granite available for obelisks, sculpture, and decorative uses. Ramps – build on the way up, decorate as it’s taken down

9. Mesopotamia – Babylon, Assyria, Persia Cube Planned city building, cobblestone streets, and architecture itself have their beginnings here Mud brick on a raised plinth (platform base) Walls are ornamented on the outside with alternating pilasters and recesses Flat roofs, supported on palm trunks, (assumed) Ziggurat

10. Greek Prisms & Columns The temple is the best known form of Greek architecture. reflect the importance of religion. The political purpose - to celebrate civic power Beauty lies in ratios & proportions = The Golden Mean made from limestone which was cut into large blocks. Marble was readily available. It was used mainly for sculptural decoration.

11. Roman Columns & Circles One architectural technique that came into use by experimentation was the arch Romans perfected it using a keystone in the center of the arch and allowing gravity to work.

12. Ancient America - Mayan Pyramid Monumental construction Buildings erected on platforms Upper walls decorated Lime stucco painted vivid colors Every day dwellings were rectangular

13. Architecture Evolves…..  See that all architecture evolves from basic shapes to complex shapes. Architectural detail evolves with the growth of technology, economics and education.  Notice …architecture repeats trends and moves in a cycle through history.  See that people travel the world carrying their knowledge of what buildings in different places look like. This evolution changes architecture.