1. SOURCES emissions Atmospheric dispersion RECEPTORS exposure Abatement options & costs Exceedance of criteria for protection Integrated Assessment of effective strategies APPLICATIONS: European : ASAM Gothenburg protocol UK IAM- national emission ceilings; London: USIAM –PM 10 study ; Heathrow airport project Street scale  DAPPLE INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT :IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON

2. Exposure: time-average concentration in breathing zone of person (i) moving along road (ii) living or working in roadside building

4. Exposure measurement Road-user exposure higher than concentration measured at roadside Standard deviation of road-user exposure, for same hour of same day, same mode of transport, same route, is similar magnitude to the mean. For some people, short time at high concentration is significant contribution to daily total exposure Want to know annual whole population frequency distribution of daily exposure to traffic pollution and its determinants PM2.5 time-average PM2.5 carbon Time-resolved CO, PN (P-trak)

5. Exposure modelling Want to know annual whole population frequency distribution of daily exposure to traffic pollution and its determinants First try to model exposure measured by people moving through DAPPLE domain at times when density of measurements is highest, to identify determinants and see if key parameters such as individual-level variability can be predicted Then use longer time-series information to generalise this to obtain frequency distribution of hourly exposures for a whole year Gaining understanding of sensitivity to all parameters, sufficient to generalise to all routes and locations is more ambitious!

6. What are the Determinants of Exposure (and its variability)? D D ispersion E E missions M M ovement Buildings Synoptic Meteorology Vehicle-Induced Turbulence Road Design

7. What do we want from the rest of DAPPLE? Information on Dispersion, Emissions, and Movement to go into our deterministic exposure modelling to explain exposure measurements Hongbin is starting using all fictional data, and would like to move towards true parameter values!