1. Welcome to Unit Two AP-362 Kaplan University Introduction to Astrophysics AP-362

2. Wrong slide??? AP-362

3. CJ101 Welcome to Unit #2 Crime Statistics and Classifications

4. What’s Due This Week? This week (Unit), you will be completing the following assignments: The Unit #2 Discussion Board The Unit #2 Quiz The Unit #2 Live Seminar or the 300-word Alternate Essay Assignment 4 CJ101

5. 5 Grading Tips for the Live Seminars Arrive BEFORE the scheduled start time (5 minutes?) Stay on topic Avoid side conversations Participate (post) regularly during the hour – 10 to 12 times minimum once the lecture starts Avoid posts such as “I agree”, “Good point”, “Nice answer”, etc.

6. 6 CJ101 Grading Tips for the Live Seminars Make good posts: “ I believe the 4 th Amendment is the most important because it protects use against unreasonable searches”. Don’t log out of the seminar early While I may not be able to respond to each comment posted, I do review the seminar log when evaluating your level or participation for your grade.

7. 7 CJ101 Just in case! Each Unit/Week begins on Wednesday and ends the following Tuesday @ 12:00 midnight, ET. I have until the following Sunday to enter your grades into the Gradebook (I try to post them sooner) You can NEVER make up a missed quiz!

8. 8 CJ101 Just in case! Each Unit has a Discussion Board Question Must post a 100 word answer to that question as early in the week as possible. Must post at least two additional100-word quality reply to other students by Tuesday, midnight, ET You must post on 3 different days each week Spelling, punctuation, and grammar do count

9. 9 CJ101 Alternate Seminar Essays For students that missed the Thursday evening Seminar, you can still make up the lost points by completing the 300-word alternate seminar essay assignment. The essay should be a summary of the unit topic, and you can review the archived file in the KHE Seminar window.

10. 10 CJ101 Select the correct date for the missed Seminar (listed by Year/Month/Day) by clicking on it with your mouse. Click on the “Load Class” button and the seminar will load and play for your review.

11. 11 CJ101 Have you joined the Photo Wall yet? E-mail me your photo so I can add your “Mug Shot” to the wall.

12. 12 CJ101 The Crime Picture

13. 13 CJ101 Terminology Violent Crime – Crimes against people that are violent in nature Property Crime – Crimes committed against property Clearance Rates – Number of crimes reported versus number of crimes solved

14. 14 CJ101 Crime Statistics Provide an overview of crime in this country Decision makers use crime statistics to: – Evaluate existing programs – Plan new legislation – Design new programs – Determine needs

15. 15 CJ101 Sources of Crime Statistics Uniform Crime Report (UCR) * Crimes reported to police National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) * Crimes reported by victims

16. 16 CJ101 Uniform Crime Report Since 1930, FBI has been compiling statistics on crimes known to police Police departments (about 16,000) voluntarily submit data FBI puts data into the Crime Index

17. 17 CJ101 What is the Crime Index? Measures Part 1 offenses of the UCR Gives crime rate number and comparisons for regions, dates, crimes per 100,000 population

18. 18 CJ101 These 8 crimes make up the Part I category of the Uniformed Crime Report Be sure to phrase your response in the form of a question!

19. 19 CJ101 MURDER FORCIBLE RAPE (Sexual Battery) ROBBERY AGGRAVATED ASSAULT (Battery) THEFT/LARCENY MOTOR VEHICLE THEFT BURGLARY ARSON What is?

20. 20 CJ101 Murder The unlawful killing of another human being. Least likely of the part 1 crimes Most likely to be cleared

21. 21 CJ101 Forcible Rape Sexual relations with another by force and/or without consent Least reported of all crimes Rape is broken down into a variety of categories (sexual battery, statutory rape, date rape)

22. 22 CJ101 Property v. Person PROPERY THEFT – FELONYMURDER (HOMICIDE) MOTOR VEHICLE THEFTFORCIBLE RAPE (SEXUAL BATTERY) BURGLARYROBBERY ARSONAGGRAVATED ASSUALT (BATTERY)

23. 23 CJ101 These are examples of crimes that make up the Part II category of the Uniformed Crime Report Be sure to phrase your response in the form of a question!

24. 24 CJ101 FRAUD VANDALISM DUI GAMBLING PROSTITUTION What is?

25. 25 CJ101 The New UCR To enhance the quantity, quality and timeline of crime data collection the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) was created Looks at every single crime that is committed

26. 26 CJ101 The New UCR Advantages – Looks at all crimes – More accurate – Differentiates between attempt and commission of a crime – Collect weapon information – Restructures assault and rape

27. 27 CJ101 Began in 1972 to discover the “dark figure of crime” Based on victims self reporting crimes Gathered by the US Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) Include 6 Part 1 crimes (not Murder or Arson) National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)

28. 28 CJ101 UCR v. NCVS How are they the same? Both provide crime estimates Both limit types of crimes Both limit how they collect info

29. 29 CJ101 UCR v. NCVS How are they different? NCVS crimes are reported by victims. May not have been reported to police NCVS looks at household crimes (total crimes per household, not person) NCVS polls more people

30. 30 CJ101 Classifications of Crime Define Felony crimes….. Not the type of crime, but what makes the crime a felony.

31. 31 CJ101 Classifications of Crime A felony crime is any crime that carries, upon conviction, a prison sentence of more than 1 year, and/or a fine that is equal to or exceeds $5,000.00 (Florida)

32. 32 CJ101 Classifications of Crime Define misdemeanor crimes….. Not the type of crime, but what makes the crime a misdemeanor.

33. 33 CJ101 Classifications of Crime A misdemeanor crime is any crime that carries, upon conviction, a jail sentence of less then 1 year, and/or a fine that is equal to or less than $1,000.00 (Florida)

34. 34 CJ101 Crime Typology Classification of crimes along a particular dimension – Legal categories – Offender motivation – Victim/offender characteristics

35. 35 CJ101 Crimes against the elderly Crimes committed against elderly people Victim and offender usually strangers Both property and violent crimes Abuse/neglect by caregivers/family Often victims of theft/fraud schemes

36. 36 CJ101 Hate Crimes Crimes which there is evidence of prejudice bases on race, color, gender, sexual orientation, ethnicity, religion Hate crimes are punished more severely

37. 37 CJ101 Corporate & White Collar Crimes Corporate – Violation of statute by a corporate identity (those acting on behalf of a corporation) – “crime in the suits” – Usually non-violent White Collar Crimes – Unlawful activity of members of highly organized group – Usually they supply illegal goods and services

38. 38 CJ101 Gun Crime The 2 nd Amendment provides the Constitutional right to bear arms Approximately 1 million serious crimes committed a year involve the use of handguns Public concern has lead to creation of new laws regarding firearms – The Brady Handgun Bill (1994)

39. 39 CJ101 Drug Crime Drugs and Crime – Drug crimes not accounted for by UCR or NCVS – Over ½ of inmates admit to being under the influence of drugs/alcohol when they committed their offense – Using drugs/alcohol leads to other crimes

40. 40 CJ101 High Technology and Computer Crime Computer Crime – Any crime perpetrated through the use of a computer Software piracy – Unauthorized duplication of software and other data Computer virus – A computer program designed to secretly invade other systems and alter the information/how they operate

41. 41 CJ101 Terrorism No single definition In general, defined as: – a violent act or an act dangerous to human life committed in violation of criminal laws to intimidate to coerce a government or civilian population

42. 42 CJ101 The Cost of Crime Crime costs individuals about $17.6 billion dollars a year That doesn’t include time lost from work, medical expenses Commercial costs about $1.2 billion dollars a year State, local and federal expenditures total over $147 billion (investigation-prosecution)

43. 43 CJ101 Questions????