1. ANCIENT EGYPT
THE NILE VALLEY

2. THE NILE VALLEY
Like many ancient civilizations, the Egyptians settled near water in Nile River Valley. There are many advantages of living near water. Can you name some of them?

3. DRINKING BATHING COOKING CLEANING GROWING
THE NILE VALLEY
DRINKING BATHING COOKING CLEANING GROWING

4. THE NILE VALLEY WORLD’S LONGEST RIVER.
FLOWS FROM AFRICA TO THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA.
THE NILE BEGINS AS TWO SEPARATE RIVERS (THE BLUE NILE AND THE WHITE NILE).

5. Egypt and the Nile

6. THE NILE VALLEY
Questions
What is a cataract?
What is a delta?

7. DELTA MARSHES LEFT NO HARBORS
THE SAHARA DESERT
LARGEST DESERT IN THE WORLD.
ALSO CALLED “RED LANDS.”
USEFUL FOR PROTECTION AGAINST ATTACK.
DANGEROUS CATARACTS.
DELTA MARSHES LEFT NO HARBORS

8. WATCH OUT FOR FLOODING!!! USES OF THE NILE RIVER
FARMING (WHEAT, BARLEY, FLAX SEED
TRAVEL AND TRADE
USEFUL IRRIGATION
WATCH OUT FOR FLOODING!!!

9. ANCIENT EGYPT
PAPYRUS
DEVELOPED GEOMETRY
HIEROGLYPHICS

10. Government of Egypt
Ancient Egypt had a very unique governmental system. Along with this governmental systems, like all societies, a class system emerged.

11. Pharaohs and Queens Who were the Pharaohs?
They were the kings or Queens of Egypt. They were the head of the government and high priest of every temple. The pharaoh owned all of Egypt. He or she decided what was right or wrong and their word was law. The people of Egypt considered the pharaoh to be a half-human and half-god.

12. Priests
Priests were very important people in Egyptian times. Besides serving the gods, priests did many other jobs, such as teaching, or even helping with the harvest. Priests had to be pure and clean. They shaved their heads and bodies and washed four times a day.
This statue of a priest has a bald head, a fake beard and he is in the praying position

13. Noble on a hunting trip with his family
Nobles
Court Officials and Noblemen held high office in Ancient Egypt and helped the Pharaoh to rule the country. The Pharaoh would often reward loyal nobles with gifts of land, so that they would earn their own money from taxes.
Being a noble was one of the best jobs in Egypt. Nobles were rich and could enjoy themselves hunting and having banquets.
Noble on a hunting trip with his family

14. Scribes
What is a Scribe? Scribes were the few Egyptians who knew how to read and write. Being a scribe was an extremely difficult job because in total, there were hundreds of different hieroglyphs to remember.
A scribe's job was highly regarded in Ancient Egypt. Although being a scribe was rewarding, the training could take as long as twelve years.

15. Craftsmen
Egyptian craftsmen were highly skilled. They learned their trade from their fathers and, in turn, taught their sons. They used simple techniques and tools to make all sorts of useful things. The Pharaoh, government or temples often employed them.
Craftsmen carving statues and ornaments
Carpenters using a bow drill
Metal workers making precious objects

16. Peasants
The most important business in Egypt was farming. Most of the people who worked in the fields and barns were peasants. During the flood season when no farming could be done the peasants did building work on temples and palaces.
Peasants herding cattle for the Pharaoh
Peasants preparing food for a banquet