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- 1 - Energy How much energy do we use? Why does it matter? What can we do about it?

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Presentation on theme: "- 1 - Energy How much energy do we use? Why does it matter? What can we do about it?"— Presentation transcript:

1 - 1 - Energy How much energy do we use? Why does it matter? What can we do about it?

2 - 2 - U.S. Share of World, 2005

3 - 3 - Energy Use People in the US use, on average, six times the energy consumed by the average of all other people in the world.

4 - 4 - Why does it matter?

5 - 5 - Energy Use In the U.S. energy accounts for 80% of GHG emissions in the U.S. http://epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/downloads10/US-GHG-Inventory-2010-Chapter-Trends.pdf

6 - 6 - Figure SPM.10 Temperature increase and cumulative carbon emissions Our future climate Our current path All Figures © IPCC 2013

7 - 7 - All Figures © IPCC 2013 Our future climate Our current path Figure SPM.8a,b Maps of CMIP5 multi-model mean results

8 - 8 - “Without adaptation, a (sea-level) rise by 0.5 m would displace 3.8 million people in the most fertile part of the Nile River Delta. A rise by 2 m could displace 187 million people globally.” Willis and Church (Science, 2012) Projected Changes in Sea Level 2 m rise in NYC – by 2100?

9 - 9 -

10 - 10 - David Klein, 2015

11 - 11 - What must we do? 1. AB32: California to reduce its GHG emissions to 1990 levels by 2020. 2. CA: Executive order to establish a California greenhouse gas reduction target of 40 percent below 1990 levels by 2030. 3. Ultimate goal of reducing emissions 80 percent under 1990 levels by 2050. (Required to limit temperature increase to 2 degrees C.)

12 - 12 - Reduce our energy use Electricity use: Residential electricity use averages 32 kWh/day per household or 964 kWh/month. In California it is 562 kWh/month. In Los Angeles it is about 480 kWh/month. Two-thirds from fossil fuels. Less than 12% from renewables

13 - 13 - California’s Electricity Current California law requires that 33% of electricity comes from renewable sources by 2020. In October 2015, Governor Brown signed SB 350, which now sets a goal of 50% of CA utilities’ power coming from renewable energy by 2030.

14 - 14 - Your electricity use Southern California Edison has installed “smart” (digital) meters for their customers. Customers can see hourly, daily and monthly consumption online. www.sce.com

15 - 15 - Your electricity use

16 - 16 - Your electricity use

17 - 17 - Your electricity use

18 - 18 - Your Electricity Use LADWP is in the process of installing smart meters. Only a few households have them. A consumption chart is available with the LADWP bill: Multiply Average daily kWh (Prev Yr) by 30.4: 21 x 30.4 = 638 kWh/mth

19 - 19 - Energy use: kWh shower (hot water) = 4 kWh gallon gasoline = 33.7 kWh to make an aluminum can = 0.6 kWh Energy = Power x Time kWh = kW x hours Wh = W x hours 1 kWh = 1000 Wh Power: W (Rate at which energy is generated or consumed) 1000 W (microwave) for one hour = 1 kWh of energy 3000 W (oven) for 20 mins = 1 kWh of energy 100 W (lightbulb) for 10 hours = 1 kWh of energy 1 Btu = 2.93E-04 kWh (or 3413 kWh = 1 Btu) 1 therm = 29.3 kWh Units

20 - 20 - Driving: 33.7 kWh/gallon gasoline Electric car: 0.34 kWh/mile (Nissan Leaf), 0.36 kWh/mile (Volt) Bus: ~ 0.5 kWh/mile per passenger Flying: ~ 1 kWh/mile per passenger Electricity: $1/day supplies 8 kWh/day Gas: $1/day supplies 30 kWh/day My/Your Energy Consumption: Direct Emissions

21 - 21 - Driving: Flying: Electricity: Gas: Total: Your Energy Consumption Note 1 kWh/day of energy use is the same as running one 40W light bulb continuously.

22 - 22 - Driving: 37 kWh/day for 50 miles/day (45 mpg car) Flying: 27 kWh/day for 10,000 miles/year Electricity: 8 kWh/day  2 Gas: 30 kWh/day  2 Total: 83 kWh/day My Energy Consumption Indirect emissions are likely to be 1 – 3 x direct emissions. (Water delivery and treatment, food, manufacture of house, vehicle + services)

23 - 23 - Residential Energy Consumption (avg. US) Driving: 43.9 kWh/day per person Bus: 0.4 kWh/day/person Train: 0.02 kWh/day/person Flying: 5.5 kWh/day per person Gas: 0.44 therms/day (or 12.9 kWh/day per person) Other heating: 3.2 kWh/day per person Total: 66 kWh/day per person of direct fuel use Electricity: 12.4 kWh/day per person Total: 78.5 kWh/day per person

24 - 24 - Home energy use Use Kill-a-watt meter to measure power demand of various devices in your home.

25 My Home Electricity Use Helen M. Cox, 2015

26 - 26 - The price of electricity varies by roughly a factor or two across the contiguous United States, but averages around 12¢/kWh. Electricity Cost

27 - 27 - Residential Electricity Rates 2015 LADWP rates: Zone 1Zone 2 Tier 1First 350 kWhFirst 500 kWh Tier 2Next 700 kWhNext 1,000 kWh Tier 3Above 1,050 kWhAbove 1,500 kWh Tier 1Tier 2Tier 3 Jan-Mar 0.14578 0.17378 Apr-Jun 0.14664 0.17464 Jul-Sep0.14617 0.17417 0.21587 Oct-Dec0.14798 0.17598

28 - 28 - Where Does Your Energy Go?

29 - 29 - www.eia.gov/consumption/residential/reports/2009/state_briefs/pdf/ca.pdf Where Does Your Energy Go?

30 - 30 - Top 10 Energy Using Appliances In Your Home ItemCentral Air ConditionerRoom Air Conditioner Pool PumpsClothes Washer & Dryer Refrigerator Usage4 hours/day8 hours/day5 hours/day34 loads/month30 days/month Cost/Month$60.48$38.40$30.00$25.10$16.46 Ways to Reduce Your Cost Set thermostat at 78° in summer and 68° in winter, turn off when not at home Clean or replace filters and clean condensing coils frequently Use a whole house fan to ventilate trapped heat Avoid using heat-producing appliances (i.e. range, dishwasher, oven) during the warmest times of the day Close draperies and window shades to block heat Open windows and doors at night to ventilate heat Use a timer to run pump no more than 4 to 5 hours per day during summer and 2 to 3 hours per day during winter Use during off-peak hours Use a variable speed pool pump Wash full loads only Consider replacing an old model washer with a new energy- and-water-saving unit Dry full loads and do not over dry Clean lint filter before each load Line dry when possible Clean coils regularly, especially during the summer Maintain airtight door seals If you have an older model, consider recycling it and purchasing a new Energy Star® model ItemPortable HeaterPlasma TVFreezerDishwasherMicrowave Usage3 hours/day8 hours/day30 days/month16 cycles/month18 hours/month Cost/Month$14.40$9.60$6.75$5.74$5.40 Ways to Reduce Your Cost Turn off when you leave the room Unplug when not in use, and at bedtime Choose an Energy Star® rated LCD TV – they use less energy than plasma TVs Turn off when you leave the room Defrost manual freezer regularly Wash only full loads Air dry dishes when possible Use an Energy Star® rated model Use as alternative to oven or range

31 - 31 - Home Energy Saver Online Tool Computerized Energy Audit – A powerful tool http://homeenergysaver.lbl.gov/consumerhttp://homeenergysaver.lbl.gov/consumer/

32 - 32 - Air Conditioning Air conditioner equipment power in the U.S. is described in terms of "tons of refrigeration". = cooling power of 1 ton (2,000 pounds) of ice melting in a 24-hour period 1 ton AC = 12,000 BTU per hour, or 3517 watts Residential central air systems are usually from 1 to 5 tons (3 to 20 kW). Air conditioners should be sized properly to avoid wasting energy by cycling too often. Rule of thumb: One ton per 700-1200 sq ft of floor space (700 for home with avg. air tightness, R-values etc.) (1200 for high R-values, sun-blocking features etc.)

33 - 33 - Air Conditioning In the US, the efficiency of air conditioners is rated by the seasonal energy efficiency ratio (SEER). The higher the SEER rating, the more energy efficient. SEER rating = BTU of cooling output during normal annual usage divided by the total electric energy input in Wh during the same period. SEER = BTU/Wh = (BTU / h) ÷ W, where "W" is the average electrical power in Watts, and (BTU/h) is the rated cooling power. e.g.) A 1-ton AC unit (12000 BTU/h), with a SEER of 12, consumes 12000/12 = 1000 Watts of power on average. Assuming 1000 hours of operation during a typical cooling season (i.e., 8 hours per day for 125 days per year), the energy consumed = 1000 W × 1000 h = 1,000,000 Wh = 1,000 kWh New SEER standard is 13.

34 - 34 - Lighting Efficiencies: Incandescent: 10% efficient (90% of energy is lost as heat) CFLs: About 75% more efficient LEDs: 85-90% more efficient CFL LEDs Payback: CFLs: less than one year LEDs: about 3 years Lifetime savings: CFLs: $45 (9 years) LEDs: $150 (25 years)

35 - 35 - Energy Efficient Product Rebates Eligibility Requirements Must be an LADWP residential customer with an active electric account. Qualified purchase(s) must be made between June 1, 2015 and May 31, 2016. How To Shop and Apply for a Rebate Prior to making your purchase, go to Efficient Product Marketplace ladwp.enervee.com to verify productladwp.enervee.com eligibility and provide your email address Purchase eligible product(s) Submit your receipt Receive a prepaid LADWP gift card

36 - 36 - Home Energy Improvement Program An assessment of your home will be performed by trained technicians to identify the most appropriate and effective improvements. Energy improvement work is performed for free. This program is free to LADWP customers. https://www.ladwp.com/ladwp/faces/ladwp/residential/r-savemoney/r-sm- rebatesandprograms/r-sm-rp-homeenergyimprovementprogram Work is performed on a first come first served basis, and there is currently a waitlist for this program. Apply ASAP to reserve a spot in line!

37 - 37 - Energy Savings Assistance Program The Energy Savings Assistance Program offers no-cost energy- saving home improvement services to income-qualified renters* and homeowners. Improvements offered may include: Attic insulationWater heater blankets Door weather strippingFaucet aerators CaulkingMinor repairs to exterior doors and/or windows Low-flow showerheadsEvaporative cooler vent covers Furnace repair or replacement (owner-occupied only) Water heater repair or replacement (owner-occupied only) * Renters need written permission from property owners to receive program services.

38 - 38 - Energy Savings Assistance Program 1.If you or another person in your household receives benefits from any of these programs: Medi-Cal/Medicaid Medi-Cal for Families A & B Women, Infants and Children (WIC) CalWORKs (TANF)1 or Tribal TANF Head Start Income Eligible - Tribal Only Bureau of Indian Affairs General Assistance CalFresh (Food Stamps) National School Lunch Program (NSLP) Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) Supplemental Security Income (SSI) # of people in household Total yearly household income not more than 1-2$31,860 3$40,180 4$48,500 5 $56,820 6$65,140 7$73,460 8$81,780 2.Total income for all persons in your household meets the following income guidelines: There are Two Ways to Qualify

39 - 39 - Middle Income Direct Install Program The Middle Income Direct Install (MIDI) Program is a no-cost energy assistance program for customers whose income just exceeds the upper threshold for Energy Savings Assistance Program eligibility. If you qualify for MIDI, you can receive no-cost home improvements that may make your home more comfortable and help conserve energy, which could lead to lower utility bills. The program is available to income-qualified renters and homeowners living in single-family and multifamily dwellings.

40 - 40 - Refrigerator Exchange Program Older model refrigerators are replaced with new, energy- saving, ENERGY STAR® rated refrigerators, FREE of charge. To qualify, the refrigerator must be: Located in the LADWP service territory Owned by the recipient or organization At least 10 years old A minimum of 14 cubic feet (cu. ft.) In working condition Used as the primary unit – not in storage (must be located in the kitchen for residential customers) Plugged into a properly grounded outlet with a 3-prong plug

41 - 41 - Refrigerator Exchange Program Multi-Residential or Non-Profit Customers (Property Owner or Organization owns Refrigerator) A Multi-Residential or Mobile Home Community An Educational Institution A Civic Organization A Community Organization A Faith-Based Organization Income-Qualified Customers (Homeowner or Tenant Owns Refrigerator) Participant in the Low Income Discount Program Participant in the Lifeline Rate Program # of people in household Total yearly household income not more than 1-2$31,860 3$40,180 4$48,500 5 $56,820 6$65,140 7$73,460 8$81,780

42 - 42 - LADWP Rebates: Appliances

43 - 43 - LADWP Rebates: Heating/Cooling

44 - 44 - How to get FREE Trees City of Los Angeles residents can get up to 7 free shade trees delivered to their doors. Businesses can request shade trees too and may be eligible to receive even larger quantities. City Plants also holds tree giveaway events around the City where residents can learn about and pick up a free fruit or shade tree. Additionally, if you agree to water parkway trees in front of your home or business, City Plants will do the planting work for you at no charge! Visit www.cityplants.org orwww.cityplants.org call (213) 473-9950 to get FREE trees.

45 - 45 - Thank you! Questions? Helen Cox, Director Institute for Sustainability, CSUN helen.m.cox@csun.edu www.csun.edu/sustainability


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