1. - 0 - CHAPER 5&6: MODALITY & REDUNDENCY Jasper (Jia) Pan Oct. 25 2005 EDUC391 Web Based Technology in Teaching and Learning

2. - 1 - Apply the Modality Principle Use audio narration to explain onscreen graphics or animations Use text for information that learners will need as reference Directions to practice exercises Apply the Modality Principle Do not overload the learner’s cognitive channel Split the audio and visual channel Foster the learner to adopt two channels simultaneously If some information if required, do not force learner to memorize the text, this will overload learner Psychological Reasons

3. - 2 - Apply the Redundancy Principle Describe graphics only by words narrated, not by both narration and redundant text On screen text can be narrated when screens do not include graphics If language is challenging, narrate the text Apply the Modality Principle Do not overload the learner’s cognitive channel Providing two information in one channel overload learner If dual model can be process in the same time, then it may help learner Psychological Reasons