1. COCONET SUMMER COURSE “GES & MPAs” Good Environmental Status and Marine Protected Areas in the Mediterranean and Black Sea Rabat, 8-13 september 2014 3. Where marine litter is?

2. COCONET SUMMER COURSE “GES & MPAs” Good Environmental Status and Marine Protected Areas in the Mediterranean and Black Sea Rabat, 8-13 september 2014 3. Where marine litter is? Floating on surface Stranded on beaches On the seabottom (shallow and deep) In the water column

3. COCONET SUMMER COURSE “GES & MPAs” Good Environmental Status and Marine Protected Areas in the Mediterranean and Black Sea Rabat, 8-13 september 2014 3. Where marine litter is? Floating - Garbage Patch

4. COCONET SUMMER COURSE “GES & MPAs” Good Environmental Status and Marine Protected Areas in the Mediterranean and Black Sea Rabat, 8-13 september 2014 3. Where marine litter is? Pacific Garbage Patch The Great Pacific garbage patch, also described as the Pacific trash vortex, is a gyre of marine debris particles in the central North Pacific Ocean located roughly between 135°W to 155°W and 35°N and 42°N.

5. COCONET SUMMER COURSE “GES & MPAs” Good Environmental Status and Marine Protected Areas in the Mediterranean and Black Sea Rabat, 8-13 september 2014 3. Where marine litter is? Pacific Garbage Patch

6. COCONET SUMMER COURSE “GES & MPAs” Good Environmental Status and Marine Protected Areas in the Mediterranean and Black Sea Rabat, 8-13 september 2014 3. Where marine litter is? Pacific Garbage Patch A layer of rubbish in the Pacific Ocean which has been growing since the 1950s. It is the result of whirling currents, pulling trash from the world's oceans and floating between California and Hawaii.

7. COCONET SUMMER COURSE “GES & MPAs” Good Environmental Status and Marine Protected Areas in the Mediterranean and Black Sea Rabat, 8-13 september 2014 3. Where marine litter is? Pacific Garbage Patch It is the world's largest landfill: 3.5 million tons of trash and spans 3.43 million km2, or the size of Europe. The EU has one at its frontdoor: the Atlantic Garbage Patch.

8. COCONET SUMMER COURSE “GES & MPAs” Good Environmental Status and Marine Protected Areas in the Mediterranean and Black Sea Rabat, 8-13 september 2014 3. Where marine litter is? Garbage Patches

9. COCONET SUMMER COURSE “GES & MPAs” Good Environmental Status and Marine Protected Areas in the Mediterranean and Black Sea Rabat, 8-13 september 2014 3. Where marine litter is? Floating – Coastal accumulations Krichim, Boat in plastic, April 25, 2009. Photo: Dimitar Dilkoff

10. COCONET SUMMER COURSE “GES & MPAs” Good Environmental Status and Marine Protected Areas in the Mediterranean and Black Sea Rabat, 8-13 september 2014 3. Where marine litter is? Floating – Coastal accumulations Citarum River, flowing to the Sea, is the main source of houselhold water for Jakarta Photo source: photobucket

11. COCONET SUMMER COURSE “GES & MPAs” Good Environmental Status and Marine Protected Areas in the Mediterranean and Black Sea Rabat, 8-13 september 2014 3. Where marine litter is? Stranded on beaches

12. COCONET SUMMER COURSE “GES & MPAs” Good Environmental Status and Marine Protected Areas in the Mediterranean and Black Sea Rabat, 8-13 september 2014 3. Where marine litter is? Stranded on beaches

13. COCONET SUMMER COURSE “GES & MPAs” Good Environmental Status and Marine Protected Areas in the Mediterranean and Black Sea Rabat, 8-13 september 2014 3. Where marine litter is? On the seabottom (shallow and deep)

14. Plastic debris on the seabed from the southern North Sea (North Atlantic) in 1999. Barnes D K A et al. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 2009;364:1985- 1998 ©2009 by The Royal Society

15. Plastic debris on the sea floor from the Gulf of Lion (Mediterranean Sea, France) between 1994 and 2004. Barnes D K A et al. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 2009;364:1985- 1998 ©2009 by The Royal Society

16. COCONET SUMMER COURSE “GES & MPAs” Good Environmental Status and Marine Protected Areas in the Mediterranean and Black Sea Rabat, 8-13 september 2014 3. Where marine litter is? On the seabottom (shallow and deep) Picture of plastic draped on a deep-sea coral in Astoria Canyon, off Oregon

17. COCONET SUMMER COURSE “GES & MPAs” Good Environmental Status and Marine Protected Areas in the Mediterranean and Black Sea Rabat, 8-13 september 2014 Q. Where marine litter is? A. Everywhere!!