1. 2010 VOC WORKSHOP Session 2 E Simplification options for the dry cleaning sector and for applying the reduction scheme in general David Knight Belgium - Flemish Government Environment, Nature and Energy department Air, Nuisance, Risk Management, Environment and Health Division Koning Albert II-laan 20, bus 8, 1000 Brussel Tel. 02 553 11 34 – Fax. 02 553 11 45 david.knight@lne.vlaanderen.be

2. 2010 VOC WORKSHOPS: SESSION 2 E17-18/06/2010 Dry cleaning in the Flemish region 300 dry cleaning companies using solvents 86% use Perchloroethylene (Perc) 14% use hydrocarbons Perc = R40 – possible carcinogenic effect Total air emission in 2008 = 295 ton VOC Perc sales Amount of perc collected in waste Emission limit value: 20 g/kg Mass of solvent emitted Mass of product cleaned and dried

3. 2010 VOC WORKSHOPS: SESSION 2 E17-18/06/2010 Calculation of emission  Yearly solvent input: Solvents that were already present in machines or in stock at day 1 Solvents that are purchased during day 1 – 365 Solvents present at day 365 1.Mass of solvent in waste: Amount of waste % solvent in waste (analysis) 2.Mass of textile cleaned Weigh every piece

4. 2010 VOC WORKSHOPS: SESSION 2 E17-18/06/2010 Calculation of emissions in practice Solvent input can easily be determined Difficult to determine % of solvent in waste: not evenly distributed in the vessel Weighing every piece Labour intensive Easy to determine Easy to fraud Small enterprises with low educated personnel. Employees not familiar with importance of environmental benefits of solvent control. Little motivation, administrative burden. NEED FOR SIMPLIFICATION

5. 2010 VOC WORKSHOPS: SESSION 2 E17-18/06/2010 Simplification based on Flemish BAT study (VITO,1998) Input AIR WASTE 14g/kg 23g/kg 37 WATER9mg/kg Closed circuit machine with integral refrigerated condensor Simplification for enterprises with consumption < 1 tonne/y Solvent content in waste = 23 g/kg textile Solvent content in waste water = 0 g/kg  Calculate input  Mass of cleaned textiles  No calculation of solvent in waste g VOC / kg textile

6. 2010 VOC WORKSHOPS: SESSION 2 E17-18/06/2010 Dry cleaning: mass of solvent emitted? 12345 Construction year 19861991199419971998 Perc consumption (kg) 48012741464448787 Waste (kg)369919523207790 Perc in waste66%45%37%50%65% Total consumption (g/kg) 23.241.937.116.931.2 Perc in waste (g/kg) 11.813.74.93.920.5 Perc emission (g/kg) 11.428.232.21310.7

7. 2010 VOC WORKSHOPS: SESSION 2 E17-18/06/2010 BAT study, actualisation (VITO, 2008) Input AIR WASTE 16 g/kg 4 g/kg 20 WATER4 mg/kg Closed circuit machine with integral Refrigerated condensor g VOC / kg textile

8. 2010 VOC WORKSHOPS: SESSION 2 E17-18/06/2010 Other options for simplification ? Solvent consumption limit instead of emission limit value: 20 g/kg  Calculate input  Mass of cleaned clothes  No calculation of solvent in waste  No calculation of emission

9. 2010 VOC WORKSHOPS: SESSION 2 E17-18/06/2010 Other options for simplification ? General binding rules (techniques) instead of emission limit values:  Closed circuit machine  Integral refrigerated condensor  Internal activated carbon filter  Solvent concentration in drum: < 240 mg/m3  Every week the machine has to be checked for leaks: leak detection appliance No calculation of consumption, mass of textile, nor solvent in waste?

10. 2010 VOC WORKSHOPS: SESSION 2 E17-18/06/2010 General binding rules in Flemish law Leak detection appliance