1. Transverse and Longitudinal Wave Behaviors Physics 7(C)

2. Learning Objectives Identify examples of transverse and longitudinal waves Compare the motion of transverse and longitudinal waves in various media Describe characteristics of electromagnetic waves Describe characteristics of sound waves Wave Behaviors

3. Transverse wave – transfer of wave energy in which the medium is displaced perpendicular to the direction of wave motion Wave energy travels horizontally to the left Points on the medium (blue dots) travel up and down in the vertical plane only Transverse Waves Energy Crest Trough

4. Mechanical wave – wave energy transferred by vibrations of particles about a fixed point – Travels through a medium Transverse Waves and Media Electromagnetic (EM) wave – wave energy transferred by vibrating electric and magnetic fields – Travels through a vacuum at the speed of light – Can travel through some media, but will be slowed down

5. Electromagnetic spectrum – continuum of electromagnetic waves organized by wavelength and frequency – All EM waves travel at the speed of light: – Seven major divisions: Radio Micro Infrared Visible Ultraviolet X-ray Gamma The Electromagnetic Spectrum

6. Visible Light Visible light – portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that can be detected by the human eye Colors are distinguished by wavelength – Red has the longest wavelength and lowest frequency – Violet has the shortest wavelength and highest frequency – Increasing intensity increases brightness

7. Longitudinal wave – transfer of wave energy in which the medium is displaced parallel to the direction of wave motion Wave energy travels horizontally to the left Points on the medium (blue dots) move left and right, also in the horizontal plane Longitudinal Waves Wavelength Compression

8. Longitudinal Waves and Media Caused by physical vibrations Must travel in a medium – Move faster in higher density media – Move slower in lower density media Sound waves are a type of longitudinal wave

9. Sound wave – longitudinal wave that causes the ear drum to vibrate – Travel at the speed of sound: 343 m/s in dry air at 20° C – Increasing frequency increases pitch – Increasing amplitude increases volume Sound Waves

10. Learning Objectives Identify examples of transverse and longitudinal waves Compare the motion of transverse and longitudinal waves in various media Describe characteristics of electromagnetic waves Describe characteristics of sound waves Wave Behaviors